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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.WritingResearch an original hip-hop DJ.Write a biography describing the DJs life,influences,and what the artist is doing today.Be sure to cite your references.Social StudiesCreate a timeline showing the evolution of rap music.Include key dates
2、 and people.Research additional information,if needed.Include at least five events on your timeline.ConnectionsRoots of RapA Reading AZ Level Z1 Leveled BookWord Count:1,548www.readinga-Written by Randolph HeardXZ1Z2LEVELED BOOK Z1www.readinga-How has rap influenced the music that came after it?Focu
3、s QuestionWritten by Randolph Heardamplifier commentary cultures defacing influential innovation inspired mainstream poverty rivals turntables vinylWords to KnowCorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRARoots of Rap Level Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Randolph HeardAll righ
4、ts reserved.www.readinga-Front and back cover:Grandmaster Flash and his group the Furious Five were the first hip-hop act to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.Page 3:Run-DMC and the Beastie Boys pose for their tour promotion photo,1987.Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:MediaPunch In
5、c/REX USA;title page:Sean Pavone/123RF;page 3:Marty Lederhandler/AP Images;page 4:Owen Franken/Corbis;pages 5,7(top):WENN Ltd/Alamy;page 6:Ted Spiegel/Corbis;pages 7(bottom),9:PYMCA/Alamy;page 8:Thinkstock/Stockbyte/Thinkstock;page 10:Heide Benser/Corbis;page 12(left):Keystone Pictures USA/Alamy;pag
6、e 12(right):Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy;page 14(top):Keizo Mori/AFLO/Nippon News/Corbis;page 14(center):Carlos Cazalis/Corbis;page 14(bottom):Agencja Fotograficzna Caro/Alamy;page 15(top):courtesy of Upper Hutt Posse;page 15(bottom):courtesy of Third3ye15What started at a young girls party in the Sout
7、h Bronx in 1973 has become a global phenomenon.Poverty and the lack of means to develop new mainstream music inspired creativity and some of the most influential musical innovations of the twentieth century.All it took was imagination,a determination to express oneself,and the desire to have fun.Its
8、 8,928 miles(14,368 km)from the Bronx,New York,to New Zealand.But in the early 1980s records like“Rappers Delight”and“The Message”found an eager audience among the Mori,the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand.Like many in the South Bronx in the early 1970s,large numbers of Mori faced more ob
9、stacles,higher levels of crime,health problems,and poorer education than the rest of society.Hip-hop resonated strongly with Mori bands such as Upper Hutt Posse and Third3ye,who embraced it as their own musical culture.Hip-Hop Goes GiobaiThird3yeUpper Hutt PosseRoots of Rap Level Z116Giossaryamplifi
10、er(n.)a piece of electronic equipment that makes sounds louder(p.5)commentary(n.)an expression of ones views on a subject(p.12)cultures(n.)the ideas and customs of a certain group of people(p.5)defacing(v.)marking or damaging the surface of something in a way that ruins its original appearance(p.11)
11、influential(adj.)having the power to shape events(p.15)innovation(n.)a new idea,product,or way of doing something(p.9)inspired(v.)prompted to be brave or creative(p.5)mainstream(adj.)of or relating to the most widely accepted beliefs in a society(p.15)poverty(n.)the state of being poor(p.4)rivals(n.
12、)competitors for superiority or a prize(p.6)turntables(n.)parts of a record player upon which records are spun(p.5)vinyl(adj.)made of a strong,light,plastic material(p.5)www.readinga-How has rap influenced the music that came after it?Focus QuestionWritten by Randolph Heardamplifier commentary cultu
13、res defacing influential innovation inspired mainstream poverty rivals turntables vinylWords to KnowCorrelationLEVEL Z1WXN/A60Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRARoots of Rap Level Z1 Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Randolph HeardAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Front and back cover:Grandmaster Fla
14、sh and his group the Furious Five were the first hip-hop act to be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.Page 3:Run-DMC and the Beastie Boys pose for their tour promotion photo,1987.Photo Credits:Front cover,back cover:MediaPunch Inc/REX USA;title page:Sean Pavone/123RF;page 3:Marty Lederhand
15、ler/AP Images;page 4:Owen Franken/Corbis;pages 5,7(top):WENN Ltd/Alamy;page 6:Ted Spiegel/Corbis;pages 7(bottom),9:PYMCA/Alamy;page 8:Thinkstock/Stockbyte/Thinkstock;page 10:Heide Benser/Corbis;page 12(left):Keystone Pictures USA/Alamy;page 12(right):Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy;page 14(top):Keizo Mori
16、/AFLO/Nippon News/Corbis;page 14(center):Carlos Cazalis/Corbis;page 14(bottom):Agencja Fotograficzna Caro/Alamy;page 15(top):courtesy of Upper Hutt Posse;page 15(bottom):courtesy of Third3ye15What started at a young girls party in the South Bronx in 1973 has become a global phenomenon.Poverty and th
17、e lack of means to develop new mainstream music inspired creativity and some of the most influential musical innovations of the twentieth century.All it took was imagination,a determination to express oneself,and the desire to have fun.Its 8,928 miles(14,368 km)from the Bronx,New York,to New Zealand
18、.But in the early 1980s records like“Rappers Delight”and“The Message”found an eager audience among the Mori,the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand.Like many in the South Bronx in the early 1970s,large numbers of Mori faced more obstacles,higher levels of crime,health problems,and poorer edu
19、cation than the rest of society.Hip-hop resonated strongly with Mori bands such as Upper Hutt Posse and Third3ye,who embraced it as their own musical culture.Hip-Hop Goes GiobaiThird3yeUpper Hutt PosseRoots of Rap Level Z116Giossaryamplifier(n.)a piece of electronic equipment that makes sounds loude
20、r(p.5)commentary(n.)an expression of ones views on a subject(p.12)cultures(n.)the ideas and customs of a certain group of people(p.5)defacing(v.)marking or damaging the surface of something in a way that ruins its original appearance(p.11)influential(adj.)having the power to shape events(p.15)innova
21、tion(n.)a new idea,product,or way of doing something(p.9)inspired(v.)prompted to be brave or creative(p.5)mainstream(adj.)of or relating to the most widely accepted beliefs in a society(p.15)poverty(n.)the state of being poor(p.4)rivals(n.)competitors for superiority or a prize(p.6)turntables(n.)par
22、ts of a record player upon which records are spun(p.5)vinyl(adj.)made of a strong,light,plastic material(p.5)13Although breaking,graffiti art,and DJing are still present and vibrant,rap as a musical art form clearly broke away from the pack.In the beginning,the rapper was just a part of the hip-hop
23、party.But once hip-hop records started becoming hugely popular,the rappers themselves became the stars.From the release of“Rappers Delight”by the Sugarhill Gang in 1979,raps first worldwide hit,through the present day,rap music has evolved and transformed in many different ways.Rap EvoivesPolitical
24、and social topics have often been an important part of popular American music.Blues,jazz,and rock n roll have all created their share of controversy.Rap,however,brought the idea of controversial music to an entirely new level.Like many genres of music that preceded it,rap changed as its popularity g
25、rew.With the growth of gangsta rap in the 1990s,some rap lyrics shifted to more controversial issues such as violence,sexism,gangs,and drugs.With this shift,anti-rap feelings began to grow.Gangsta rap was targeted by Parental Advisory labels,which warned consumers against potentially offensive lyric
26、s.Some rap artists believe their music has been unjustly targeted,when music of other genres might be seen as equally offensive.Rap will continue to create controversy as artists keep on relaying the reality of life as they see it through their lyrics.Rapped in ControversyRoots of Rap Level Z114Alth
27、ough it has always been party music,even the earliest rappers used their skills to address serious social and political issues.“The Message,”released in 1982 by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five,described a blistering portrait of urban poverty and misery in the streets of New York.Now,rapping c
28、an be heard in everything from hard rock to country pop.In the early 1980s,as rap records became popular around the world,hip-hop culture became a global phenomenon.Hip-hop took root in France,Mexico,South Africa,and Brazil.Breakdancing spread worldwide through news reports and the release of films
29、such as Wild Style(1982)and Breakin(1984),especially in the United Kingdom,Canada,Japan,Germany,France,Russia,and South Korea.To this day,hip-hop has become part of many aspects of popular culture globally,leaving a lasting mark.The Party Doesnt StopEuropeCountries around the world have embraced hip
30、-hop culture.AsiaThe Caribbean3Roots of Rap .4Born at the Block Party .6 The Four Pillars of Hip-Hop .7 The DJ .8 Breaking .10Graffiti Art .11Rap .12Rap Evolves .13The Party Doesnt Stop .14Glossary .16ContentsRun-DMC and the Beastie BoysRoots of Rap Level Z14 New York City in the 1970s was a dismal
31、scene of twentieth-century urban decay.The citys growing financial and social problems resulted in high crime rates,soaring poverty and homelessness,and a crumbling infrastructure.Not much was looking bright for the future of many New Yorkers,particularly those in poor neighborhoods with few resourc
32、es to begin with.Out of this poverty and decay,however,a new style of music would arise.One hot summer afternoon in 1973,teenager Cindy Campbell asked her sixteen-year-old brother Clive to DJ(disc jockey)a back-to-school jam.The party would take place on August 11 at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue in their So
33、uth Bronx neighborhood,which was made up mostly of African American and Puerto Rican immigrants.The Campbell family had emigrated from Jamaica five years earlier.In Jamaica,Clive had grown up going to local parties,known as dancehalls,that featured local DJs talking,or toasting,over music played on
34、portable sound systems.Roots of RapIn the 1970s,abandoned buildings were a common part of the South Bronx landscape.3Roots of Rap .4Born at the Block Party .6 The Four Pillars of Hip-Hop .7 The DJ .8 Breaking .10Graffiti Art .11Rap .12Rap Evolves .13The Party Doesnt Stop .14Glossary .16ContentsRun-D
35、MC and the Beastie BoysRoots of Rap Level Z14 New York City in the 1970s was a dismal scene of twentieth-century urban decay.The citys growing financial and social problems resulted in high crime rates,soaring poverty and homelessness,and a crumbling infrastructure.Not much was looking bright for th
36、e future of many New Yorkers,particularly those in poor neighborhoods with few resources to begin with.Out of this poverty and decay,however,a new style of music would arise.One hot summer afternoon in 1973,teenager Cindy Campbell asked her sixteen-year-old brother Clive to DJ(disc jockey)a back-to-
37、school jam.The party would take place on August 11 at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue in their South Bronx neighborhood,which was made up mostly of African American and Puerto Rican immigrants.The Campbell family had emigrated from Jamaica five years earlier.In Jamaica,Clive had grown up going to local parties
38、,known as dancehalls,that featured local DJs talking,or toasting,over music played on portable sound systems.Roots of RapIn the 1970s,abandoned buildings were a common part of the South Bronx landscape.13Although breaking,graffiti art,and DJing are still present and vibrant,rap as a musical art form
39、 clearly broke away from the pack.In the beginning,the rapper was just a part of the hip-hop party.But once hip-hop records started becoming hugely popular,the rappers themselves became the stars.From the release of“Rappers Delight”by the Sugarhill Gang in 1979,raps first worldwide hit,through the p
40、resent day,rap music has evolved and transformed in many different ways.Rap EvoivesPolitical and social topics have often been an important part of popular American music.Blues,jazz,and rock n roll have all created their share of controversy.Rap,however,brought the idea of controversial music to an
41、entirely new level.Like many genres of music that preceded it,rap changed as its popularity grew.With the growth of gangsta rap in the 1990s,some rap lyrics shifted to more controversial issues such as violence,sexism,gangs,and drugs.With this shift,anti-rap feelings began to grow.Gangsta rap was ta
42、rgeted by Parental Advisory labels,which warned consumers against potentially offensive lyrics.Some rap artists believe their music has been unjustly targeted,when music of other genres might be seen as equally offensive.Rap will continue to create controversy as artists keep on relaying the reality
43、 of life as they see it through their lyrics.Rapped in ControversyRoots of Rap Level Z114Although it has always been party music,even the earliest rappers used their skills to address serious social and political issues.“The Message,”released in 1982 by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five,describ
44、ed a blistering portrait of urban poverty and misery in the streets of New York.Now,rapping can be heard in everything from hard rock to country pop.In the early 1980s,as rap records became popular around the world,hip-hop culture became a global phenomenon.Hip-hop took root in France,Mexico,South A
45、frica,and Brazil.Breakdancing spread worldwide through news reports and the release of films such as Wild Style(1982)and Breakin(1984),especially in the United Kingdom,Canada,Japan,Germany,France,Russia,and South Korea.To this day,hip-hop has become part of many aspects of popular culture globally,l
46、eaving a lasting mark.The Party Doesnt StopEuropeCountries around the world have embraced hip-hop culture.AsiaThe Caribbean11 Freezes are just what they sound likethe breaker stops,or freezes,all bodily motion,typically in an unusual or difficult position.Breaking became world famous.It was featured
47、 in movies,shown on TV shows,and adopted and adored by hip-hop fans all over the world.The streets of New York had graffiti before hip-hop.But in the early 1970s,graffiti artists expressed hip-hop culture by spray-painting personalized signatures on,or tagging,the sides of buildings,subway cars,buse
48、s,and even places that seemed impossible to reach.Graffiti artists wanted the fame that came from other people seeing their enormous,aerosol-painted street tag on the side of a building or bridge.They got more attention if they had a unique visual style.Bubble lettering was popular first.But the ela
49、borate,almost unreadable“wildstyle”that came out of Brooklyn proved to be the defining look.Graffiti artists were committing criminal acts by defacing public property.However,hip-hop fans saw graffiti as their own art form.Eventually,classic hip-hop graffiti was preserved in museums and art books,an
50、d on the Internet.Graffiti ArtRoots of Rap Level Z112Some of the most widely used breakbeats of early hip-hop were originally found in The Winstons“Amen Brother”(1969);James Browns“Funky Drummer”(1970);Lyn Collinss“Think(About It)”(1972);and the Incredible Bongo Bands cover of“Apache”(1973).Despite