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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.WritingChoose four things in your life that make you happy,such as your health or time at home or school.In a paragraph,give examples of how each thing makes you happy.Social StudiesResearch Bhutan and create a poster that shows your findings.
2、Provide facts about the country,including population size,language,religion,currency,and government leaders.ConnectionsThe Kingdom of HappinessA Reading AZ Level W Leveled BookWord Count:1,255www.readinga-LEVELED BOOK WWritten by Susan LennoxHappinessHappinessThe KingdomThe KingdomQTWwww.readinga-Wr
3、itten by Susan LennoxHappinessHappinessThe KingdomThe KingdomIs it important to measure happiness?Focus Question16Glossaryanalyzed(v.)examined closely(p.12)Buddhist(adj.)of or relating to Buddhism,a religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama in ancient India(p.6)critical(adj.)very importa
4、nt;relating to a turning point(p.7)index(n.)a number that is used as a measure of something or to indicate change in the level of something(p.11)prosper(v.)to achieve financial success;to become healthy and strong(p.5)remote(adj.)distant or isolated(p.12)secluded(adj.)hidden away,with few people aro
5、und(p.8)spiritual(adj.)related to spirit,soul,or a divine being(p.6)surveys(v.)asks or questions a group of people in order to collect information for analysis(p.4)thrive(v.)to grow well and be healthy(p.6)tracking(v.)watching the progress of something;following(p.5)traditional(adj.)of or relating t
6、o a long-established custom(p.9)16Photo Credits:Front cover:Christophe Boisvieux/Corbis Documentary/Getty Images;back cover:s_jakkarin/iStock/Thinkstock;title page:Guenter Fischer/imageBROKER/Getty Images;page 3:imageBROKER/Alamy Stock Photo;page 4:JTRBurr/Alamy Stock Vector;page 5:Owl-Lightbox/iSto
7、ck/Thinkstock;page 6(top):Khomson Srisawasdi/123RF;page 6(bottom):Ernst Haas/Getty Images;page 7:Kateryna Negoda/Moment/Getty Images;page 8:KiltedArab/iStock/Thinkstock;page 9(top):Kuni Takahashi/Getty Images;pages 9(bottom),10:Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images;page 13:Paula Bronstein/Getty Images;page 15(l
8、eft):Independent Picture Service/Universal Images Group/Getty Images;page 15(right):Angelo Cavalli/robertharding/Getty ImagesWords to KnowanalyzedBuddhist criticalindexprosperremotesecludedspiritualsurveysthrive tracking traditional The Kingdom of Happiness Level W Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by
9、 Susan LennoxAll rights reserved.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL WS4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA15In 2011,the United Nations,an organization of countries throughout the world,conducted its first study of world happiness.The United Nations published its first World Happiness Report in 2012.The
10、 report ranked countries based on factors similar to those used in Bhutans GNH Index.That same year,it officially declared March 20 the International Day of Happiness.On that day,the Sun is lined up with Earths equator,and day and night are equally long.This day represents King Wangchucks belief tha
11、t balance is the key to well-being and happiness.Economic growth is secondary to personal happiness in the remote kingdom of Bhutan.The Kingdom of Happiness Level W153Table of ContentsIntroduction .4Growth and Happiness .5Four Pillars of Happiness .7Measuring Happiness .10A World of Happy People .14
12、 Glossary .16The Kingdom of Happiness Level W14A World of Happy PeopleOther nations around the world have taken notice of Bhutans GNH Index.Some have used it to gather information on their own citizens happiness.In 2007,Thailand created a national happiness index similar to Bhutans.South Korea and G
13、reat Britain also developed their own scales based on Bhutans GNH Index.In 2009,a major United States survey company took a happiness survey of people in the United States.All these countries saw real value in trying to promote continued happiness among their citizens.Data from the 2016 World Happin
14、ess Report show that the ten top-ranked countries have stayed the same for every year surveyed(although their order may have shifted).The United States ranked 13th,while Bhutan ranked 84th.Each number represents the countrys average score after residents ranked their quality of life on a scale of 01
15、0.Source:World Happiness Report 2016The Ten Happiest Countries7.5267.5097.5017.4987.4137.4047.3397.3347.3137.2191.Denmark2.Switzerland3.Iceland4.Norway5.Finland6.Canada7.Netherlands8.New Zealand9.Australia10.Sweden4oversees the power of the king,in 2008.IntroductionWhat exactly is happiness?Is it a
16、moment of joy or laughter?Or is it something more?The citizens of Bhutan(boo-TAHN)think of happiness as contentment or satisfaction.The leaders of Bhutan believe happiness is more important than money.Thats why this tiny mountain kingdom surveys its citizens every few years to see just how happy the
17、y are.The Bhutanese government uses this information to improve life in the country nicknamed“The Kingdom of Happiness.”Four Fast Facts About Bhutan1.Bhutan is nestled in the Himalaya Mountains between China and India.The country is about the size of Switzerland.2.The native language is Dzongkha(ZOH
18、NG-kah),although many citizens also speak English.3.For centuries,Bhutan defended its borders with bows and arrows.Today,archery is the national sport.4.Bhutan became a constitutional monarchy,or a government in which a parliament oversees the power of the king,in 2008.ThimphuGREAT HIMALAYA RANGELES
19、SER HIMALAYA RANGEBhutanChinaIndiaBhutanChinaNepalIndiaBangladesh13Is Everybody Happy?One group of people in Bhutan who were not included in the survey were the Lhotshampa(loh-TSUHM-puh).They are Bhutanese citizens of Nepali descent who live in the southern part of Bhutan.Many of them came from Nepa
20、l in the nineteenth century to farm the rich land.The Lhotshampa people practice Hinduism,which is different from Buddhism.In the mid-1980s the Bhutanese government introduced a campaign requiring all citizens to wear Bhutanese clothing,speak Dzongkha,and practice Buddhism.During the 1990s,tens of t
21、housands of Lhotshampa fled Bhutan.Some went to Nepal and settled in camps.By 2015,close to eighty-five thousand refugees came to the United States.Many hope to return to Bhutan someday.There were other categories,though,where happiness declined:mental well-being,community strength,and cultural vari
22、ety.People did less volunteer work than before.Fewer people thought that traditions were important.The Bhutanese government plans to use the information from the survey to increase happiness.They may,for example,schedule festivals that ask for communities to join in ancient traditions.The goal is to
23、 have a 100 percent deeply happy population someday.A Lhotshampa woman holds her child while doing manual labor on a road-building project in Thimphu,Bhutan.The Kingdom of Happiness Level W5Bhutans landscape ranges from low plains in the south to the towering Himalaya Mountains in the north.Growth a
24、nd HappinessBhutans first happiness survey was taken in 2007.However,the idea of tracking the nations happiness came about long before that.In 1972,Jigme Singye Wangchuck became king of Bhutan.He was just sixteen years old.The teenage king wanted to help his country prosper while remaining true to i
25、ts values.He felt that the way other nations thought about prosperity was wrong for Bhutan.Most other nations use a measurement called Gross Domestic Product (GDP)to track and guide growth.GDP measures the value of all the goods and services produced in a country.The Kingdom of Happiness Level W12Th
26、e questions were put into a survey for citizens.Each answer had a number value.The values of the answers were added up to get a score for each person.Survey teams traveled to remote mountain villages,valley farms,and main cities.The teams explained to citizens what the survey was about and how the r
27、esults would be used to improve Bhutan.In 2007,the government tested the survey in some districts.In 2010,the survey was ready to be given across the whole country.That year more than seven thousand citizens out of over seven hundred thousand provided information.The results were analyzed using the
28、GNH Index.The higher the number,the greater the happiness level.The survey found that overall,certain groups were the least happy.These included women,farmers,and people who were uneducated or elderly.Improvements in health care and living standards followed.Then another survey was done in 2015.Thos
29、e results were compared with the 2010 survey results.The government learned that Bhutans overall level of happiness rose by 1.8 percent.More than 43 percent of the population was considered deeply happy.6Buying and selling were not the driving force in Bhutanese culture,however.The country has many
30、farms and villages but few factories and cities.Bhutan is also mainly a Buddhist nation.Buddhists believe that achieving happiness is an important step in leading a fulfilling life.For them,being happy is not about money.To achieve happiness,they believe a person must examine and improve many aspect
31、s of life:spiritual,physical,social,and environmental.King Wangchuck was convinced that the country as a whole should focus on these things,too.It didnt make sense to focus only on money.The king felt that increasing the Bhutanese peoples happiness,not just its wealth,was the way to grow and thrive.
32、The Tigers Nest Monastery clings to a cliff thousands of feet above the Paro Valley in Bhutan.King Jigme Singye Wangchuck11Deciding how to measure a countrys happiness was a big challenge.The Bhutanese Ministry of Planning went to work.First,they created nine areas,or“domains,”that were based on the
33、 four pillars of happiness.The domains were then broken down into dozens of categories.When considered together,the domains and categories give a complete happiness picture called the Gross National Happiness(GNH)Index.The index is a scale that could be used to measure happiness in the kingdom.The n
34、ext step was to use these categories to create many questions about peoples personal satisfaction.People were asked questions such as“How much do you enjoy life?”Source:GNH Centre BhutanThe Nine Domains of GNHThe Kingdom of Happiness Level WGross National HappinessEnvironmentLiving StandardsWell-Bei
35、ngHealthTime UseEducationCultural ResilienceGood GovernanceCommunity Vitality7Four Pillars of HappinessThe Bhutanese government created the idea of Gross National Happiness(GNH)as a guide for running the country.The popular young king and his ministers discussed how they might promote happiness when
36、 making important decisions.They considered four key areas,or“pillars,”tied to the Buddhist idea of happiness.The first pillar was about how people were governed.This was important because policies and laws determine how citizens live their lives.The second pillar examined how people worked and play
37、ed together,which can affect their mental state and happiness.The third pillar was about preserving Bhutanese culture.This was critical for Bhutanese identity.The final pillar explored peoples relationship to their environment.Gross National HappinessThe measurement for Gross National Happiness is b
38、ased on Bhutanese values:1.Good governance2.Sustainable socioeconomic development3.Preservation and promotion of culture4.Environmental conservationThe Kingdom of Happiness Level W10Measuring HappinessThe dawn of a new century brought changes to Bhutan.Technology found its way through the mountains
39、that had protected Bhutan from outside influences.The once-secluded kingdom found itself with one foot in the past and the other in the modern world.Now Bhutanese children watched television and played video games after meditation.Citizens in traditional dress used cell phones.The countrys leaders w
40、ere concerned that the old traditions and values would be lost.If that happened,the original sense of what brought the Bhutanese people happiness might also be lost.Bhutan needed a systematic way to prevent this loss.By measuring happiness regularly,the Bhutanese government could track changes and f
41、ind ways to address these concerns.A group of young monks gather around a cell phone at a monastery in Paro,Bhutan.8Bhutans leaders believed these four pillars must be in balance for their citizens to achieve happiness in life.At first,the four pillars were only simple suggestions for the Bhutanese
42、peoples happiness.Nothing was measured,no data captured.Bhutan was a secluded land,shielded from the modern world by the massive Himalaya Mountains.It didnt trade much with Western nations.Few visitors came to the country.Then things began to change.Bhutan suddenly became a destination for tourists
43、who wanted to find out more about the secluded kingdom.Giant prayer wheels can be found all over Bhutan,from bus stops to monasteries.9Do You Know?There are no stoplights in Bhutan.One was put up in the capital city of Thimphu,but it was removed.Citizens felt that a stoplight was just too modern.Ins
44、tead,a traffic officer directs cars through the citys downtown.In 1999,the Bhutanese government allowed television and the Internet inside its borders for the first time.Bhutans citizens began to learn more about the world outside their own country,and the world learned more about Bhutan.People were
45、 attracted to Bhutans untouched beauty and its peaceful lifestyle.Visitors to Bhutan found a land where time was less rushed.At school and at work,people dressed in traditional Bhutanese clothing.Signs along the roads encouraged citizens to connect with nature.Meditationsitting quietly for a time with ones thoughtswas part of the daily routine.People spent time with their families.All these things contributed to the populations sense of well-being.Morning meditation is part of the GNH school curriculum.The Kingdom of Happiness Level W