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1、Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Curiosity on MarsA Reading AZ Level W Leveled BookWord Count:1,074LEVELED BOOK WLEVELED BOOK WWritten by John PerritanoCuriosity on MarsVisit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.www.readinga-www.readinga-Written by John Perritan
2、oCorrelationLEVEL WS4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRACuriosity on MarsLevel W Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by John PerritanoAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,pages 3,4,5,9(main),10,15(main):courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech;back cover:courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/Malin Sp
3、ace Science Systems;title page:courtesy of United Launch Alliance/NASA;page 6:courtesy of NASA/Bill Ingalls;page 7:DeAgostini/Superstock;pages 8,11:courtesy of NASA/JPL/MSSS;pages 9(background),12(background),13,14(bottom),15(background):iS Er;page 12(main):Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy;page 12(inset):T
4、he Granger Collection,NYC;page 14:courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ.of Arizona;page 15(inset):NASA/Goddard Space Flight CenterCover:The Sky Crane fires rockets to slow its descent while lowering Curiosity carefully to the surface of Mars in this computer rendering.Back cover:A self-portrait by Curio
5、sity,shortly after landing on Mars.Title page:On November 26,2011,an Atlas V rocket,carrying the Curiosity rover,lifted off from Cape Canaveral in Florida.Curiosity on Mars1516Listening InTalking to Curiosity is more complicated than picking up a smartphone and calling a friend.The rover can send me
6、ssages directly to Earth.It can also relay signals by using three satellites orbiting Mars.Scientists send and receive the signals using a system of giant antenna dishes(see diagram).The system is called the Deep Space Network.The huge dishes are located near Madrid,Spain;Canberra,Australia;and the
7、Mojave Desert in California.Scientists will be listeningat least for the next two yearsas Curiosity drives along the Martian landscape,hoping to see if anyone else is out there.Glossaryelements(n.)substances made of one type of atom and that cannot be broken down into simpler substances(p.11)evidenc
8、e(n.)something that supports a theory or claim(p.4)extraterrestrial existing or coming from outside (adj.)Earth or its atmosphere(p.8)laser(n.)a device that projects intense,focused light of similar wavelengths(p.11)Martian(adj.)of or relating to the planet Mars (p.5)microbes(n.)microscopic organism
9、s(p.13)mission(n.)a set purpose for doing something;a special task or assignment(p.7)relay(v.)to pass along something,such as information or a signal(p.15)robotic(adj.)of or related to a device that is programmed to perform tasks for humans(p.4)rover(n.)a vehicle used to explore the surface of an ob
10、ject in space,such as a planet or moon(p.4)satellites(n.)a natural or human-made object that orbits Earth or another object in space(p.15)simulates(v.)models or imitates the appearance or condition of something(p.14)MSL Telecommunications NetworkCuriosityCuriosity on Mars Level Wwww.readinga-Written
11、 by John PerritanoCorrelationLEVEL WS4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRACuriosity on MarsLevel W Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by John PerritanoAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Front cover,pages 3,4,5,9(main),10,15(main):courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech;back cover:courtesy of NASA/JPL
12、-Caltech/Malin Space Science Systems;title page:courtesy of United Launch Alliance/NASA;page 6:courtesy of NASA/Bill Ingalls;page 7:DeAgostini/Superstock;pages 8,11:courtesy of NASA/JPL/MSSS;pages 9(background),12(background),13,14(bottom),15(background):iS Er;page 12(main):Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy
13、;page 12(inset):The Granger Collection,NYC;page 14:courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ.of Arizona;page 15(inset):NASA/Goddard Space Flight CenterCover:The Sky Crane fires rockets to slow its descent while lowering Curiosity carefully to the surface of Mars in this computer rendering.Back cover:A self-
14、portrait by Curiosity,shortly after landing on Mars.Title page:On November 26,2011,an Atlas V rocket,carrying the Curiosity rover,lifted off from Cape Canaveral in Florida.Curiosity on Mars1516Listening InTalking to Curiosity is more complicated than picking up a smartphone and calling a friend.The
15、rover can send messages directly to Earth.It can also relay signals by using three satellites orbiting Mars.Scientists send and receive the signals using a system of giant antenna dishes(see diagram).The system is called the Deep Space Network.The huge dishes are located near Madrid,Spain;Canberra,A
16、ustralia;and the Mojave Desert in California.Scientists will be listeningat least for the next two yearsas Curiosity drives along the Martian landscape,hoping to see if anyone else is out there.Glossaryelements(n.)substances made of one type of atom and that cannot be broken down into simpler substa
17、nces(p.11)evidence(n.)something that supports a theory or claim(p.4)extraterrestrial existing or coming from outside (adj.)Earth or its atmosphere(p.8)laser(n.)a device that projects intense,focused light of similar wavelengths(p.11)Martian(adj.)of or relating to the planet Mars (p.5)microbes(n.)mic
18、roscopic organisms(p.13)mission(n.)a set purpose for doing something;a special task or assignment(p.7)relay(v.)to pass along something,such as information or a signal(p.15)robotic(adj.)of or related to a device that is programmed to perform tasks for humans(p.4)rover(n.)a vehicle used to explore the
19、 surface of an object in space,such as a planet or moon(p.4)satellites(n.)a natural or human-made object that orbits Earth or another object in space(p.15)simulates(v.)models or imitates the appearance or condition of something(p.14)MSL Telecommunications NetworkCuriosityCuriosity on Mars Level W131
20、4Driving CuriositySome people drive buses for a living.Others drive taxicabs.Still others drive delivery vans.When Matt Heverly is on the job,he drives Curiosity.Mars is about twice the size of Earths moon.Yet,the rover is motoring only in one neighborhood,called Gale Crater.A meteor created the cra
21、ter about three billion years ago.The hole is the size of Connecticut and Rhode Island combined.Inside the crater is a mountain taller than Mount Rainier,which towers over Seattle,Washington.Scientists think they have the best opportunity to find evidence of life inside this crater.Thats because sci
22、entists believe Gale Crater was once flooded with water.As a result,the crater is packed with clays and sulfatestypes of minerals.These minerals are byproducts of water.Curiosity will study the soil to see if any microbes are hiding inside.Scientists think they have the best opportunity to find evid
23、ence of life inside Gale CraterDriving Curiosity is a hard job;one bad turn could doom the mission.Thats why Heverly meets with scientists to talk about where the rover should go before he gets behind the wheel or,in this case,the computer.Once in the drivers seat,Heverly must put on special glasses
24、 to study the 3-D images that Curiosity sends back.He then uses a computer program that simulates the route.Heverly enters hundreds of computer commands that steer the craft.Curiosity crawled only thirty feet a day when it first landed.Curious FactsThe temperature on Mars can dip below 81 degrees Fa
25、hrenheit(62.78C).Heated liquids pump through Curiosity to keep the rover warm.Mars:Rover Curiosity Landing SiteCurious FactsThe temperature on Mars can dip below 81 degrees Fahrenheit(62.78C).Heated liquids pump through Curiosity to keep the rover warm.Scientists think they have the best opportunity
26、 to find evidence of life inside Gale CraterThis photo shows the path Curiosity will take as it explores the surface of Mars.This photo shows the path Curiosity will take as it explores the surface of Mars.Curiosity on Mars Level W34Table of ContentsLanding on Mars.4Searching for E.T.7Mobile Science
27、 Lab .10Driving Curiosity .13Listening In .15Glossary .16Landing on MarsJet Propulsion Laboratory Cupertino,California September 20,2012,7:20 PMIt will be over in the time it takes to hard-boil an egg.Thats the only thing scientists know for sure.Some hold their breath.Others bite their fingernails.
28、All hope the strange-looking spacecraft lands safely on Mars.The spacecrafts name is Curiosity.Its job is to look for evidence of past or current life on Mars.Curiosity is a mechanical rover larger than a golf cart.In fact,its the largest robotic vehicle that NASA,the United States space agency,has
29、ever built.Scientists watch Curiosity test its robotic arm at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 2010.Touchdown!In a move never before attempted by NASA,Curiosity is lowered gently to the surface of Mars by a Sky Crane(computer rendering).Curiosity on Mars Level W34Table of ContentsLanding on Mars.4
30、Searching for E.T.7Mobile Science Lab .10Driving Curiosity .13Listening In .15Glossary .16Landing on MarsJet Propulsion Laboratory Cupertino,California September 20,2012,7:20 PMIt will be over in the time it takes to hard-boil an egg.Thats the only thing scientists know for sure.Some hold their brea
31、th.Others bite their fingernails.All hope the strange-looking spacecraft lands safely on Mars.The spacecrafts name is Curiosity.Its job is to look for evidence of past or current life on Mars.Curiosity is a mechanical rover larger than a golf cart.In fact,its the largest robotic vehicle that NASA,th
32、e United States space agency,has ever built.Scientists watch Curiosity test its robotic arm at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 2010.Touchdown!In a move never before attempted by NASA,Curiosity is lowered gently to the surface of Mars by a Sky Crane(computer rendering).Curiosity on Mars Level W131
33、4Driving CuriositySome people drive buses for a living.Others drive taxicabs.Still others drive delivery vans.When Matt Heverly is on the job,he drives Curiosity.Mars is about twice the size of Earths moon.Yet,the rover is motoring only in one neighborhood,called Gale Crater.A meteor created the cra
34、ter about three billion years ago.The hole is the size of Connecticut and Rhode Island combined.Inside the crater is a mountain taller than Mount Rainier,which towers over Seattle,Washington.Scientists think they have the best opportunity to find evidence of life inside this crater.Thats because sci
35、entists believe Gale Crater was once flooded with water.As a result,the crater is packed with clays and sulfatestypes of minerals.These minerals are byproducts of water.Curiosity will study the soil to see if any microbes are hiding inside.Scientists think they have the best opportunity to find evid
36、ence of life inside Gale CraterDriving Curiosity is a hard job;one bad turn could doom the mission.Thats why Heverly meets with scientists to talk about where the rover should go before he gets behind the wheel or,in this case,the computer.Once in the drivers seat,Heverly must put on special glasses
37、 to study the 3-D images that Curiosity sends back.He then uses a computer program that simulates the route.Heverly enters hundreds of computer commands that steer the craft.Curiosity crawled only thirty feet a day when it first landed.Curious FactsThe temperature on Mars can dip below 81 degrees Fa
38、hrenheit(62.78C).Heated liquids pump through Curiosity to keep the rover warm.Mars:Rover Curiosity Landing SiteCurious FactsThe temperature on Mars can dip below 81 degrees Fahrenheit(62.78C).Heated liquids pump through Curiosity to keep the rover warm.Scientists think they have the best opportunity
39、 to find evidence of life inside Gale CraterThis photo shows the path Curiosity will take as it explores the surface of Mars.This photo shows the path Curiosity will take as it explores the surface of Mars.Curiosity on Mars Level W1112Curiosity also has a rock-blasting laser.Once the laser zaps a ro
40、ck,special instruments examine the gases that spew into the air.The rover also has a drill that can grind bits of boulders into dust.Curiosity can look at the dust and determine the makeup of the minerals and chemicals.The rover can also scoop up and study bits of Martian dirt.What exactly are Curio
41、sity and the NASA scientists looking for?The rovers mission is to search for the building blocks of life.These include carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,oxygen,and other elements.If Curiosity finds these elements,it means life may now exist,or in the past have existed,on the Red Planet.Mars AttacksOn the nig
42、ht of October 30,1938,many Americans gathered in their living rooms and listened to the radio.On that night,they heard something shocking.“A huge flaming object”had smashed into a New Jersey farm.The Martians were invading!People in and around New York City panicked.They called the police.They calle
43、d newspapers.They called radio stations.Should they get out of town?How should they protect themselves?People didnt really have to worry.The broadcast was a radio play called“The War of the Worlds.”The play was based on a novel by H.G.Wells.At the beginning of the broadcast,an actor named Orson Well
44、es(above)told listeners that the“invasion”was not real.Many people did not hear the introduction,however.They really thought Mars was attacking Earth.Mission name:Mars Science LaboratorySize:10 feet long,9 feet wide,and 7 feet tallWeight:2,000 pounds (900 kg)about the weight of a small car Launched:
45、November 26,2011Landed:10:32 p.m.(Pacific Time),August 5,20121:32 a.m.(Eastern Standard Time),August 6,2012Length of mission on Mars:One Mars year (about 23 Earth months)Curious FactsCuriositys power comes from electricity produced by plutonium,a fuel used in nuclear power plants.Curiosity at a Glan
46、ceMars AttacksOn the night of October 30,1938,many Americans gathered in their living rooms and listened to the radio.On that night,they heard something shocking.“A huge flaming object”had smashed into a New Jersey farm.The Martians were invading!People in and around New York City panicked.They call
47、ed the police.They called newspapers.They called radio stations.Should they get out of town?How should they protect themselves?People didnt really have to worry.The broadcast was a radio play called“The War of the Worlds.”The play was based on a novel by H.G.Wells.At the beginning of the broadcast,a
48、n actor named Orson Welles(above)told listeners that the“invasion”was not real.Many people did not hear the introduction,however.They really thought Mars was attacking Earth.Curiosity on Mars Level W56Curiosity hurtles through space at 13,000 miles(20,921 km)per hour as it breaks through the planets
49、 atmosphere.What happens next is a 7-minute plunge to the surfaceand the longest 420 seconds in the lives of NASA scientists on the Mars rover team.Although the Martian atmosphere is thin,it produces enough drag to slow Curiosity to 1,000 miles(1,609 km)per hour.Still,at this speed,the craft is movi
50、ng far too fast to land.But scientists have planned for this moment.A 100-pound parachute blossoms from the top of the craft.The chute slows Curiosity to 200 miles(321 km)per hour,the speed of a Formula 1 race car.Seconds later,the parachute releases.With seconds to go and the surface of Mars fast a