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1、WritingPretend you are attending space camp.Write a letter to a friend telling him or her about your experiences.Be sure to include details from the book.ScienceResearch a space mission.Make a brochure about the mission,including its goal,what resulted from it,and other important information.Present
2、 your brochure to the class.ConnectionsSpace CampA Reading AZ Level V Leveled BookWord Count:1,211Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.www.readinga-LEVELED BOOK VSVYWritten by Sean McCollumwww.readinga-Written by Sean McCollumWhy do people want to attend space camp?Focus Question
3、16Glossaryaeronautics(n.)the science and practice of flight(p.5)counselors(n.)people who supervise at a camp(p.10)exploration(n.)a journey through unfamiliar territory to learn more about it(p.4)gs(n.)units of force that equal gravitys pull on an object at Earths surface(p.12)impairments(n.)conditio
4、ns in which certain faculties are damaged or not working well(p.8)leadership(n.)the ability to guide and direct other people(p.13)mock(adj.)not real;done for practice or as a simulation(p.14)rovers(n.)vehicles used to explore the surface of objects in space,such as planets or moons(p.9)simulators(n.
5、)machines that model or imitate the appearance or condition of something,usually for training or practice(p.10)spacecraft(n.)a vehicle used for traveling in space (p.8)technology(n.)scientific knowledge or tools to make or do something(p.6)trainees(n.)people who are being taught a particular job(p.5
6、)16Photo Credits:Front cover,pages 11,13:Richard T.Nowitz/Corbis Documentary/Getty Images;back cover:Stephen Saks Photography/Alamy Stock Photo;title page:Richard Nowitz Photography/Corbis Documentary/Getty Images;page 3:Kari Goodnough/Bloomberg/Getty Images;page 4:Robert Hainer/123RF;page 5:Alexand
7、er Shcherbak/TASS/Getty Images;page 6:RosaIreneBetancourt 6/Alamy Stock Photo;page 9:Dave Einsel/Getty Images News/Getty Images;page 10:Franz-Marc Frei/Corbis Documentary/Getty Images;page 12:Jeff Greenberg/Universal Images Group/Getty Images;page 14:Michael Doolittle/Alamy Stock PhotoWords to Knowa
8、eronautics counselorsexplorationgsimpairmentsleadershipmockroverssimulators spacecrafttechnologytrainees Space CampLevel V Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Sean McCollumAll rights reserved.www.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL VR4040Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA15Astronauts of the Future?Much like Dr
9、.Kate Rubins,todays trainees from space camps around the world may be the astronauts of tomorrow.NASA is collaborating with other space programs to plan a mission to Mars.They hope the mission will take place as soon as the 2030s.If everything goes as planned,current space camp trainees could one da
10、y be some of the astronauts on board the Orion.They could be the first people to leave footprints in the soil of the Red Planet.They will continue humanitys reach for the stars.Space Camp Level V153Table of ContentsIntroduction:From Space Camp to Space .4Space Camps Around the World .6Going to Space
11、 Camp .8Astronaut Training .10The Multi-Axis Trainer .10The 1/6 Gravity Chair .11The Space Shot and G-Force Accelerator .12Simulated Missions .13Astronauts of the Future?.15Glossary .16Space Camp Level V14 Some simulated missions include mock voyages to the Moon.Others take place on models of a spac
12、e station.The crew must be prepared to think fast if the simulator creates an emergency.For example,they might have to deal with a simulated engine problem or sudden meteor shower.For older trainees,a few space camps have created simulations for the future.These include a mission to Mars.Crews work
13、together aboard life-size models of the Orion capsule and a Mars lander at the space camp in Alabama.Real astronauts will live on Orion during the planned voyage to and from Mars.They will use the lander to fly to the Martian surface and return to Orion in orbit.Campers repair a model of the Hubble
14、Telescope during a simulation.4Introduction:From Space Camp to SpaceIn 1990,sixth grader Kate Rubins went off to camp in Huntsville,Alabama.The camp she attended wasnt the kind of place where she built campfires or paddled a canoe,though.This was space camp.It was an in-depth program about the scien
15、ce and excitement of space exploration.She had told her parents that she dreamed of becoming an“astronaut,and biologist,and geologistin that order.”The“habitat”where campers stay at United States Space Camp in Huntsville,Alabama13Simulated MissionsAnother highlight at many camps is simulated space m
16、issions.Teamwork and leadership are important qualities in real astronauts.Mission simulators allow trainees to practice both skills.At some camps,they even take part in video gamelike simulations.One mission has participants launch the shuttle.They fly it to the International Space Station and dock
17、 with the ISS.Team members perform a variety of duties,but they must communicate on their headsets.Just like a real crew,they run through checklists.These lists ensure that they remember exactly what to do and when to do it.Some trainees work as astronauts.Others work in Mission Control,the command
18、center back“on Earth.”Some trainees work inside the simulators and operate controls as if they are flying a shuttle.Space Camp Level V5Fast-forward twenty-six years to 2016.A group of young trainees took their seats in an IMAX theater at that same space camp.They watched in awe as the screen showed
19、the live video feed of a real liftoff of a giant Russian rocket.On board were supplies and fresh crew for the International Space Station(ISS).The ISS orbits more than 322 kilometers(200 mi.)above Earth.Watching the launch was particularly special for these space camp trainees.One of the three astro
20、nauts on board was Dr.Kate Rubins.She was the same girl who had attended that camp in her youth.For years she had worked as a biologist before starting to train with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA).Finally,she was blasting off to serve on a four-month mission on the ISS.She h
21、ad fulfilled her childhood dream of becoming an astronaut.Takuya Onishi,Anatoly Ivanishin,and Kate Rubins fly to the ISS in July 2016.Space Camp Level V12The Space Shot and G-Force Accelerator Anyone who has ridden a roller coaster will recognize the sensation these rides create.The Space Shot shoot
22、s riders upward at a rate of four gs,or four times the force of Earths gravity.Another way to think of it is that if you weigh 23 kilograms(50.7 lb.),you will feel as though you weigh 92 kilograms(202.8 lb.)while riding the Space Shot.The G-Force Accelerator is a spinning ride.It creates a force tha
23、t pushes against the body due to the fast speed at which it spins.The G-Force Accelerator reaches three times the force of Earths gravity,or three gs.That is the same force astronauts feel during a rocket launch.The Space Shot shoots riders 42.7 meters(140 ft.)high in 2.5 seconds.6Space Camps Around
24、 the WorldSpace camps allow participants to learn about space science.Programs teach about the history of space exploration.Hands-on projects focus on technology used in space.Campers also experience astronaut training.They get to try out equipment astronauts use to prepare for their missions.Today,
25、space camps have taken off in many places.The camp in Huntsville,Alabama,is located near the United States Space and Rocket Center.There,space camp trainees can see the giant rockets and space capsules that helped NASA astronauts reach the Moon in 1969.More than 750,000 trainees have attended that s
26、pace camp since it opened in 1982.They have come from all fifty states in the United States and more than sixty other countries.The Pathfinder is a model of a space shuttle that is on permanent display near the space camp in Alabama.11The 1/6 Gravity ChairThis simulator lets trainees feel the sensat
27、ion of bounding around on the Moon.There,gravity is one-sixth that of Earth.The gravity chair helps trainees get used to moving around when their bodies feel much lighter than normal.The 1/6 Gravity Chair is modeled after a similar chair astronauts used for moonwalk training.Math MinuteIf a person w
28、eighs 27 kilograms(59.5 lb.)on Earth,how much would that person weigh on the Moon?Answer:4.5 kilograms(10 lb.)Space Camp Level V7Some universities and museums in the United States host space camps during school breaks.Children can attend space camp at the Frontiers of Flight Museum in Texas.In Flori
29、da,there is Camp Kennedy Space Center.In Washington,D.C.,the Smithsonian Association hosts several summer day camps.They offer space-related activities for children as young as kindergarten age.Space camps are also popular around the globe.In Quebec,Canada,the Cosmodome hosts three-day camps.It offe
30、rs many other space-related programs,too.Space Camp Turkey is located in Izmir,one of Turkeys biggest cities.Russian Space Camp includes talks about the countrys amazing history of space exploration.The center honors Yuri Gagarin,who became the first human to fly into space in 1961.q Dallas,Texas,US
31、Aw Huntsville,Alabama,USA e Merritt Island,Florida,USA r Laval,Quebec,Canada t Izmir,Turkey y Star City,Russia trewqyATLANTIC OCEANSpace Camps WorldwidePACIFIC OCEANNORTH AMERICAAFRICAASIAEUROPESpace Camp Level V10Astronaut TrainingAmong the favorite activities at some space camps are simulators.Ast
32、ronauts must practice for every situation they might deal with in space.For trainees,this equipment lets them experience some of the challenges astronauts face.While on the simulators,trainees are always under the watchful care of camp counselors.The Multi-Axis TrainerThe Multi-Axis Trainer(MAT)was
33、used in the early 1960s to test the first astronauts.It let them practice regaining command of a space capsule that was tumbling out of control.The MAT is a big metal ring set within a larger ring.The trainee is strapped in a seat in the center ring.Then the two rings spin wildly in different direct
34、ions.The MAT is designed so that trainees should not become nauseated or dizzy while riding.8Going to Space CampSpace camps are available to nearly everyone who is interested.At some camps,younger children can participate with their family.Camps for older kids are grouped by age.Some space camps hol
35、d sessions for trainees with special needs,such as visual and hearing impairments.Space camps mostly concentrate on the history,science,and technology of space travel.At many space camps,trainees study rocketry.They build and launch their own model rockets.At others,they study spacecraft design.Then
36、 they create their own ship for a space mission.9Space camps that focus on robotics are also popular.Robotics has become an important part of space exploration.The Opportunity and Spirit rovers,which have explored Mars,are prime examples.Robotics trainees build robots to solve real-world problems.Te
37、ams may face off in a robotics competition at the end of camp.Children arent having all the fun,though.Many space camps host adults from around the world.Some science teachers attend so they can bring new lessons back to their schools to energize future space explorers.A NASA astronaut and educator test-drives a robotic rover built in a space camp program.Space Camp Level V