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1、中考英语考纲核心词汇拓展读练测（1）（一）词汇晨读入心1. able adj. 能够的；有能力的；能干的关联词组：be able to do sth.能做某事用法：be able to与can的区别：can只有现在式(can)和过去式(could)两种形式，而be able to可有各种时态。词性转换：ability n.能力反义词：unable adj.不会的，无能的.It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture.2. abroad adv.在国外；到国外关联词组：study
2、 abroad海外留学；work abroad在（到）国外工作同义词：overseas adv.在国外，在海外 adj.海外的，国外的.A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad.3. absentadj. 缺席的，不在的关联词组：be absent from缺席；be absent-minded心不在焉词性转换：absence n.缺席，不在.26.Whats the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two day
3、s.Oh! He be ill. Lets go and ask Ms. Brown.A. canB. needC. mayD. would4. accentn. 口音，音调 关联词组：British accent英式口音；American accent美式口音；local accent乡音，方言.It s cool! My sister loves the British accent. (口音).5. acceptv. 接受；认可accept和receive的区别：receive: 收到（表客观）；accept：接受（表主观）词性转换：acceptable adj.可接受的；accepta
4、nce n.接受，认可.11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted6. accidentn. （交通）事故；意外关联词组：traffic accident交通事故；by accident=by chance偶然词性转换：accidental adj.意外的，偶然的；accidentally adv.意外地.To avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net arou
5、nd them.7. achievevt. 取得；获得；实现；成功vi. 达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果关联词组：achieve success取得成功词性转换：achievement n.成就.49. People who learn _ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily.8. act vt. 行动；表演关联词组：act as担当，充当词性转换：action n.动作，行动；active adj.积极的，主动的；actively adv.积极地；activity n.活动22. On which day are ther
6、e two different activities?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.D. Thursday.68. There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act)9. addvi. 加；增加；加起来；做加法vt. 增加，添加；补充说；计算总和关联词组：add to把加到上熟词生义：接着说，
7、补充说。例如：“And dont be late,” she added.词性转换：addition n.增加，添加物：in addition to除之外.1.- Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday?- OK. Lets add it to _ weekend plan.A. aB. anC. theD. 10. advantagen. 优点；有利条件关联词组：take advantage of利用反义词：disadvantage n.缺点；不利条件.Actually, trampolining has many advantages.11.
8、 advertisementn. 广告关联词组：TV advertisement电视广告词形变换：advertise v.做广告，宣传.Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products.12. advicen. 劝告；建议；忠告用法：属于不可数名词，表示“一条建议”要用a piece of advice关联词组：give sb. some advice on sth就给某人提建议；take/follow ones advice
9、采纳某人的建议词性转换：advise（美式） v.劝告，建议：advise sb. (not) to do sth. 劝某人（不要）做同义词：suggestion n.建议（可数名词）.The advice she gave was so _18_, and I had heard it a million times.18. A. funnyB. simpleC. usefulD. different13. affordvt. 买得起；承担得起（后果）关联词组：afford to do sth.有经济能力做某事用法：后面可接名词，代词或to do sth.；常与can, could, be
10、able to连用；通常用于否定句或问句中。词性转换：affordable adj.负担得起的.In the Agricultural（农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills14. afraidadj. 害怕的；畏惧的；担心的用法：be afraid to do害怕做；be afraid of (doing) sth.担心（做）；be afraid+ 从句.The king felt afraid. “Fairy,” he shouted, “take away this 47 gift!”15. againstprep.
11、 对着；反对对着，倚靠：against the wall靠着墙反对，对抗：be against sth.反对；fight against同作战（斗争）；play against与对赛对不利：She has said nothing against you.她并没有说任何对你不利的话。.Why is Song He Lou so special _14_ hundreds of restaurants?14. A. betweenB. againstC. amongD. beyond16. agreevt. 同意；赞成；承认vi. 同意；意见一致用法：agree with sb./sth.赞成（
12、同意）；agree+从句词性转换：agreement n.协议，同意，一致反义词：disagree v.不同意.4.-Some people dont show their talents at the very beginning.-I agree. Even Einstein _ read until he was seven.A. cantB. mustntC. couldntD. neednt17. aliveadj. 活着的；有生气的关联词组：keepalive使活着alive与lively的区别：alive指的是“有生命的，活着的”，一般被放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面；而livel
13、y指的是“活泼的，有活力的，栩栩如生的”，一般被放在所修饰名词或代词的前面。.6.Love your parents _ they are alive. Dont wait until it is too late.A. whileB. thoughC. becauseD. unless18. allowv. 允许；准许关联词组： allow sb. to do允许某人做；allow doing允许做词性转换：allowance n.津贴；允许.6.We dont allow taking magazines out, but you _ copy the article you need o
14、n the machine over there.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would19. aloneadv. 独自，单独；adj.单独的，独自的关联词组：go alone单独去，一个人去；leave sb. alone.不管，不打扰，让某人一个人呆着alone和lonely的区别：alone通常用作副词，充当状语，也可以用作形容词；lonely只能用作形容词。alone是指行为或动作上的，意为单独，独自；lonely是指心灵上的，意为寂寞，孤独。.I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer
15、school and now she thinks were best friends.20.angryadj.生气的；愤怒的关联词组：angry with sb.生某人的气；angry about sth.因生气；angry at对发怒（生气）词性变化：angrily adv.生气地，愤怒地；anger n.怒气，愤怒.Liu was angry because Ran refused 70 (stop) the bus after she missed her station.21. answern. 答案；v. 回答用法：表示“的答案”要用介词to，即the answer to sth.
16、However, Ive found the _12_ to this question.12. A. attentionB. excuseC. answerD. distance22. anypron.（无论）哪一个，任何，任一；adj.（用于疑问句、否定句）任何的，一些与any相关的复合不定代词：anybody/anyone任何人；anything任何事与any相关的复合不定副词：anyway无论如何，不管怎样；anywhere在任何地方.3.- Keep quiet! I need complete_ when Im working.-Sorry, dad. I wont make an
17、y noise again.A. trustB. silenceC. controlD. strength.10.-Simon, where do you want to eat?-_. I eat anything.A. I dont mindB. My PleasureC. Good ideaD. Certainly not23. appearvi. 出现；显得；似乎表示“出现”时，为及物动词，后面不接宾语，也不能用于被动语态；表示“显得，看起来；似乎，好像”时，为系动词，后可接名词、形容词、to do作表语；it appears + that从句：表示“看来，似乎”。词性转换：appea
18、rance n.出现，来到；外貌，面貌反义词：disappear v.消失.The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century.24. arrivevi. 到达用法：arrive at/ in（小地方用at，大地方用）= get to（后接home, here, there时,省to）= reach 词性转换：arrival n.到达，来到.42. Miss Zhang _（订购）a dress online two wee
19、ks ago, but it hasnt arrived yet.25. articaln. 文章；东西；冠词 关联词组：write an article写一篇文章用法：可以用来作名词的计量单位，例如：an article of clothes一件衣服.6.We dont allow taking magazines out, but you _ copy the article you need on the machine over there.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would26. asleepadj. 睡着的关联词组：fall asleep入睡，睡着asle
20、ep和sleepy的区别：asleep表示“睡着了”，强调状态；sleepy表示“想睡的，困倦的”，实际上并没有睡。词性转换：sleep v.睡觉 .5.Betty felt so tired last night that she _ fell asleep in bed after lying down.A. recentlyB. suddenlyC. frequentlyD. immediately27. attentionn. 注意；关注关联词组： give ones/pay attention to (doing) sth.注意；draw/ attract ones attentio
21、n引起某人的注意词性转换：attend v. 出席；照料，照顾Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing.28. availableadj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的关联词组：be available for/to sb.对可用，对开放。例如：The school library is available for every student.
22、学校图书馆对所有学生开放。反义词：unavailable adj.不可用的；没空的.42From the menu above, we know that _.Abread and butter goes with starters Bthere are four kinds of different ice creamCthe desserts are available for both lunch and dinner29. avoidvt. 避免；避开，躲避；消除关联词组：avoid sth/ doing sth.避免(做).We 73 (stand) up and stop such
23、 fights between passengers and drivers 74 (avoid) this kind of tragedy.30. awakev.唤醒；adj.醒着的词形变化：过去式awoke，过去分词awoken关联词组：stay awake保持醒着的，保持清醒；awake from从中醒来与wake的区别：wake只能作动词，通常可以接up；awake可做动词，通常不接up，awake也可作形容词。作动词时，awake可用于本意表示“醒来，弄醒”，但更多用于比喻意义表示“认识到”、“意识到”；wake (up)更多用于本意，也可以用于比喻意义。.When they got
24、 there, the bus driver was awake and sitting up, but not speaking.（二）练习巩固一. 写出这些单词的汉语意义。1. able _ 2. accident _ 3. against _4. allow_ 5. alone _ 6. already _7. amazing _ 8. anyone _ 9. anywhere _10. area _ 11. argue _ 12. Asian _13. asleep _ 14. Australian _ 15. autumn _16. awake _二. 按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式1
25、. accident (复数)_2. area (复数)_3. allow(第三人称单数形式)_、（现在分词）_、（过去式）_ 、（过去分词）_4. argue(第三人称单数形式)_ 、 （现在分词）_、（过去式）_ 、（过去分词）_5. Asian (名词形式)_6. awake (动词形式)_7. asleep（动词形式）_8. Australian(名词形式)_三. 根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。1. Tom was _ (able) to ride a bike when he was five years old.2. There were many traffic _ (ac
26、cident) on the road because of heavy snow.3. They will play _ (against ) a football team from No. 2 Middle School next Friday .4. You are never _ (allow) to throw litter anywhere in the city.5. -I have _ (already) finished my homework. Have you finished yours ?-No, not _ (already).6. While the alien
27、 was in the museum, I called the TV station. Isnt that _ (amaze)!7. -Is there _ (someone) over there now , Tom ?-No. No one is there.8. -Have you ever been to _ (somewhere) interesting before ? -No.9. Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural _(area).10.Yesterday, Tom _ (argue) wi
28、th his best friend, Mike in the classroom.11. China is an _ (Asia) country and it lies in the east of _(Asian).12. He doesnt often _ (asleep) well in the night. But last night he fell _ (sleep) early.13. An _ (Australia) comes from _ (Australia).14. Its better to see lions and foxes during the dayti
29、me because theyll probably be _ (wake).四. 根据短文意思及首字母（或汉语意义），写出合乎句意的单词。When you go to Australia, you can see a kind of special animals-Koala bears. Koala bears are valuable _1_ (澳大利亚的)animals. They are cute. Its very _2_ (令人惊异的) that you always see them falling _3_ （睡着的）in the trees when you go to th
30、e zoo there. It seems that they dont have enough time to sleep. When they are _4_ (醒着的), they are eating leaves of the trees.参考答案一. 1.能、能够；2. 事故；3.反对；对不利；4. 允许；准许；5.单独地；孤独地；6.早已；已经；7.令人惊异的；8.任何人；9.任何地方；10.地区；地域；11.争论；争吵；12.亚洲的；亚洲人的；13.睡着的；14.澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的；15.秋天；16.醒着的二. 1.accidents; 2.areas, 3.allows
31、; allowing; allowed; allowed; 4. argues; arguing; argued; argued; 5.Asia; 6. wake; 7. sleep; 8.Australia三. 1.able; 2.accidents; 3.against; 4.allowed; 5.already; yet; 6.amazing; 7.anyone; 8. anywhere; 9.areas; 10. argued; 11. Asian;Asia; 12.sleep ; asleep; 13. Australian; Australia; 14. awake.四. 1.Australian; 2.amazing; 3.asleep; 4.awake