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1、备战2022高考考英语完形填空话题分类训练(高考真题+各地模拟题)高考完形填空热点话题综合强化训练07(2022上海徐汇二模)With vigorous promotion and extensive participation over the past two years, waste sorting is a new trend (hat has reshaped the image of campuses across Beijing.“In the past, sanitation workers sorted the garbage next to the trash cans n
2、ear the dormitory,a disgusting odor. On windy days, the trash was blown eveiywhere andwe always2around it with our hands covering our noses/ says Sun Jiajing, asophomore at Beijing Forestry University. in the form of handwritten newspapers and mind maps. Decorations made fromrecycled materials arc e
3、xhibited in the schools corridors.The same scene can be seen in Qianjin Primary School, Haidian district. 4tGarbagc canNow, wc arc more active in classifying waste.”Since a revised guideline on household waste disposal in Beijing was 3 on May I, 2020, many students have seen their campuses take on a
4、 new look that is more pleasant, tidy and appealing.Al Beijing Foresiry University, about one in four students are trash-sorting volunteers.In the Beijing No 20 High School, bins to recycle waste are placed on each floor and students on duty will set their wits to turning trash into 4.“I received tr
5、aining on trash classification before taking on the role as head of the trashsort iiig station. My job is to remind everyone to classify waste and recycle to the best5 says Ding Shuyi, a student at the school.As China pushes 6 the “double reduction education policy, which aims to ease the burden of
6、7 homework and off-campus tutoring for primary and middle school students, understanding of waste sorting has been fused into academic teaching via various innovative approaches.“Our Chinese teachers encourage students to write poetries 8 on waste classification, math teachers lead them to do math o
7、n topics such as water conservation, while our music teachers choreographed a 4waste sorting dance with the students,says Zuo Chunyun, principal of a primary school in the suburban Tongzhou district of the capital.Zuo adds that students in senior classes will join trash-sorting projects and map out1
8、19. A. turnB. writeC. sendD. knock120. A. promise B. escapeC. rebuildD. investigate参考答案:1. B2. A3. C4. B5. A6. A7. B8. D9. C10. D11. D12. A13. A14. C15. B【解析】【导这是-篇说明文。文章讲述了在过去两年的大力推广和广泛参与下,垃圾分类已成为一种 新趋势,重塑了整个北京校园的形象。考查动词词义辨析。句意:过去,环卫工人在宿舍附近的垃圾桶旁边分类垃圾,产生一种 令人作呕的气味。A. smelling闻起来;B. generating产生,引起;C
9、. eliminating消除;D. generalizing 归纳, 概括。根据“sanitation workers sorted the garbage next to the trash cans”可 知,环卫工人在宿舍附近的垃圾桶旁边分类垃圾会产生令人作呕的气味。故选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:刮风的时候,垃圾被吹得到处都是,我们总是捂着鼻子绕过垃 圾桶。A. skirted环绕的四周:B. migrated迁移;C. flew飞;D. hung悬挂。根据“1a disgusting odor.”和around it”可知,刮风的时候,学生们总是捂着鼻子绕过垃圾桶。故选A。考查动词词
10、义辨析。句意:自2020年5月I日北京市生活垃圾处理指导意见修订实施 以来,许多学生看到自己的校园焕然一新,变得更舒适、更整洁、更有吸引力。A.proposed 提议;B. celebrated 庆祝;C. implemented 实施,执行;D. issued 出版,发表。根 据“a revised guideline on household waste disposal in Beijing”可知,此处表示北京市生活垃 圾处理指导意见修订实施。故选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:在北京第二十中学,每层楼都有问收垃圾的垃圾桶,值班的学 生们将绞尽脑汁把垃圾变成现金。A. ac将n行动;B. c
11、ash现金;C. garbage垃圾桶,废 物;D. waste 浪费。根据下文“We have raised 100,000 yuan (S15,760) of charity funds by encouraging students and their parents to recycle waste(通过鼓励学生和家长 |可收垃圾,我们筹 集10万元(15760美元)的慈善基金)”可知,此处表示把垃圾变成现金。故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:”在担任垃圾分拣站站长之前,我接受了垃圾分类方面的培训。 我的工作是提醒大家对垃圾进行分类,最大限度地回收利用。该校学生丁淑怡(音译)说。 A.
12、extent 程度,范围;B. element 要素;C. extension 延长:D. initiative 倡议。根据My job is to remind everyone to classify waste”可知,提醒大家对垃圾进行分类是为了最大限度地回 收利用,to the extent为固定短语,表示“达到的程度”。故选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着中国推进“双减”教育政策,旨在减轻中小学生的家庭作业 和课外辅导负担,通过各种创新方法,将垃圾分类的理解融入到学术教学中。A. fonvard 向前;B. around在周围;C. roughly粗略地,大致;D. blindly盲
13、目地。根据“thedouble reduction,education policy”可知,此处表示中国推进“双减”教育政策,push forward为固定 短语,意为“推进”。故选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. decisive决定性的,关键的;B. excessive过度的;C. inclusive包括的;D. academic学术的。根据上文包ase the burden”可知,学生家庭作业量过 度。故选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我们的语文老师鼓励学生以垃圾分类为主题写诗,数学老师则 引导学生以节约用水等主题做数学题,而我们的音乐老师和学生们一起编排了一段垃圾分 类舞蹈,”首
14、都通州区郊区一所小学的校长左春云(音)说。A. scheduled安排,预定;B. integrated 成为一体;C. proposed 提议:D. themed 以为主题。根据“math teachers leadthem to do math on topics such as water conservation”可知,此处表示语文老师鼓励学生以垃 圾分类为主题写诗。故选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:左还说,高年级的学生将参与垃圾分类项目,并以手写报纸和 思维导图的形式制定解决方案。A. instructions指示;B. distributions分布,分配;C.solutions 解
15、决方案;D. anticipations 预期。根据“in the form of handwritten newspapers and mind maps”可知,高年级的学生以手写报纸和思维导图的形式制定解决方案。故选C。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意:该校校长王丽萍表示:“垃圾可以转化为资源。A. sources来 源;B. supplies 供应:C. demands 要求;D. resources 资源。根据上文“recycle to the best 5,”可知,最大限度的回收利用可以将垃圾转化为资源。故选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:清华大学教授刘建国表示,垃圾分类的实施有赖于社会
16、的广 泛参与和不懈努力,这有利于促进社会文明。A. intensive加强的,集中的;B. aggressive 有进取心的;C. successive连续的,相继的;D. extensive广泛的。根据“participation and unremitting efforts of society”可知,垃圾分类的实施有赖于社会的广泛参与和不懈努力。故 选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. promotion促进,提升;B. intervention干涉,介入;C. addition 增加;D. communication 交流。根据下文“Wide participation of st
17、udents and school staff will help promote garbage sorting to become a new fashion in society/ adds Liu.(“学生和学 校工作人员的广泛参与将有助于推动垃圾分类成为社会的一种新时尚,”刘补充说。厂可 知,垃圾分类的实施这有利于促进社会文明。故选A。考杳副词词义辨析。句意:官方数据显示,北京90%以上的居民参与了垃圾分类,约85% 的居民能够准确地对垃圾进行分类。A. accurately精确地;B. narrowly狭窄地;C. broadly 广泛地;D. scarcely 几乎不。根据下文“
18、Our next move will be more precise supervision of groups that did 15 poorer jobs in sorting out garbage,“可知,此处表示 85%的居 民能够准确地对垃圾进行分类。故选A。考杳动词词义辨析。句意:但相关部门仍在努力进一步提高这一比例。A. participating参 加;B. supervising监督;C. striving努力,奋斗;D. negotiating谈判。上文提到官方数据显 示垃圾分类已经取得成效,结合“But”和I。further raise the ratio”可知,相关
19、部门仍在努力 进一步提高参与人数和垃圾分类的精确性。故选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:北京市城市管理委员会的一名工作人员表示:“我们的下一步行 动将是对垃圾分类工作相对较差的群体进行更精确的监督。A. fantastically空想地,难以 置信地;B. relatively 相对地;C. deliberately 故意地;D. densely 密集地。根据poorer jobs in sorting out garbage”可知,此处表示是对垃圾分类工作相对较差的群体进行更精确的监 督。故选B。11. B12. D13. A14. D15. C16. A17. C18. D19. C20. D
20、21. A22. C23. A24. B25. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文,讲述了校车司机冷静处理事故的故事。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她朝萨里县学校开去时,司机注意到空气中有一股烧焦的味 道。A. escaped逃走;B. noticed注意到;C. released释放;D. made制作。根据后文“a burning smell in the air”指注意到空气中有一股烧焦的味道。故选B。考查动词词义辨析二句意:当一个学生问她出了什么事时,她尽力掩饰她日益增长的担 忧。A. discover 发现:B. drive 驾驶;C. push 推;D. hide 隐藏。据卜文的I sa
21、id calmly.“可 知她尽力掩饰她日益增长的担忧。故选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我得让他们下车。A.bus公交车:B.car汽车;C. Irain火车;D. truck卡车。前面的“Bus driver”及后面多次提及“bus”。故选A。考查动词词义辨析二句意:桑德拉把车开进了教堂停车场,转身面对着车上的20名学生。A. control 控制;B. beg 恳求;A keep 保持;D. face 脸。根据后文“the 20 students on board” 指转过头面向车上的20名学生。故选D。20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她提醒他们今年年初进行的疏散演习,并指示年龄较大的学生
22、从后门离开,年龄较小的学生从前门离开。A. saw看见;B. enjoyed欣赏;C. performed表 演,施行;D. tried 尝试。结合上文“She reminded them of the evacuation drills they”指他们今 年年初进行的疏散演习,故选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她提醒他们今年年初进行的疏散演习,并指示年龄较大的学生 从后门离开,年龄较小的学生从前门禽开。A. students学生:B. teachers老师;C. drivers 司机;D. parents父母。与后面的“younger students”相对应。故选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意
23、:她提醒他们今年年初进行的疏散演习,并指示年龄较大的学生 从后门离开,年龄较小的学生从前门离开。A. windows窗户;B. ceilings天花板:C. front 前面;D. park公园。据上文的“backdoor”相对应,此处指从前门离开。故选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:桑德拉说:“我告诉孩子们,你们知道,我们在今年年初进行 了练习,但这将是真实的,所以我需要你们冷静。A. thought认为;B. knew知道;C. missed 错过;D. practiced 练习。与上面的“perfbrmcd the evacuation drills”相呼应。故选 D。 24.考查形容词词义
24、辨析。句意:桑德拉说:“我告诉孩子们,你们知道,我们在今年年初进 行了练习,但这将是真实的,所以我需要你们冷静。”A. typical典型的;B. careful仔细 的;C. real真实的;D. useful有用的。bui前后意思相反,前面是(假的)演习,后面是真 的发生。故选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:当烟雾开始弥漫汽车时,学生们急忙向出口跑去。A. school学 校;B. house 房子;C. seals 座位;D. exits 出口。与后面的“as smoke began to 校 the bus.”相 呼应,此处指学生向exits (出I I)跑去。故选D。考查形容词词义辨析。
25、句意:他们很害怕,但桑德拉在整个疏散过程中保持冷静。A.afraid害怕的;B. happy快乐的;C. excited激动的;D. lonely孤独的。据后面的but Sondra remained calm”可知,前后表示转折,说明学生很害怕。故选A。考查副词词义辨析二句意:当他们出去后,她回到车上,以确保每个人都安全逃离。A. quietly安静地;B. secretly秘密地;C. safely安全地;D. silently沉默地。据最后的“okay” 可知,指确保每个人都安全逃离。故选C。考查动词词义辨析二句意:他们刚下了车,汽车就着火了。A. caught抓住;B. held举行;
26、 C. kept保持;D. took带走。根据上文车发出烧焦的气味,可知汽车着火了,短语catch fire 表示“着火故选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:另一辆巴士来到现场送孩子们上学,桑德拉很高兴一切都顺 利。A. accident 事故;B. scene 场景;C. city 城市;D. hospital 医院。根据上文“Another bus came to the”可知为短语come to the scene的意思是“来到现场故选Bo考查动词短语辨析。句意:另一辆巴士来到现场送孩子们上学,桑德拉很高兴一切都顺 利。A. broke out 爆发;B. worked out 解决;C. t
27、urned up 出现;D. put up 举起,张贴。根据 上文“Sondra was happy that everything”可知,桑德拉很高兴切都顺利,work out okay的意思是“结果顺利”。故选B。25. A26. B27. D28. C29. B30. D31. A32. C33. B34. A35. C36. B37. D38. A39. A40. B41. C42. B43. D44. C【解析】【导语】这是篇记叙文。作者由个自己创作杂志文章时,期望过高的故事,感悟到在完成目标 时,人们不应定下超过自己能力的期望值,应该是让自己能超过期望值完成目标,这样才 会产生幸福
28、感。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我对自己和杂志有高期望,非常高的期望。A. high高的;B. low低的;C. ridiculous滑稽的,可笑的;D. reasonable有理由的。根据空格后“very high expectations”以及第五段第一句Afier a few months of feeling miserable, I15 myexpectations were too high.”可知,该空属于同词复现,说明期望太高。故选A项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:摸索几个月后,慢慢变富这本杂志得到了迅速成长。A. provided提供;B. gained得到,获取:C. suffe
29、red受苦,遭受:D. lost失去。根据空格前 44After the first few months of finding my feet J可知,经过前几个月的摸索,作者的杂志也拥 有更多读者,因此,杂志获得了迅速的成长,变得更好。故选B项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着读者数量的增加,我对尽可能提供高质量信息感到很有压 力。A. impression 印象;B. expression 表达;C. attraction 吸引力;D. pressure 压力。根据后 文“Gef Rich Slowly4from a curious hobby to a near full - time b
30、usiness.,并结合上下文语境可知,由于读者越来越多,作者把慢慢变富杂志几乎发展为自己的一项生 意,因此可推断出作者感到很有压力。故选D项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:慢慢变富已经由一个好奇的爱好发展为近乎全职的生意。A. exchanged交换;B. ranged变化,排序;C. developed成长,发展;D. varied不同。根据该 句上下文,空格处强调杂志在自己生活中的变化,由一个爱好成为一门生意的过程,C项 developed强调发展变化的过程,最符合文意。故选C项。考查名词词词义辨析。句意:我制定了出版日程表,作为杂志出版的一部分。A. order 序,规则;B. schedu
31、le工作日程;C.lheme主题;D.limii限制,范围。根据后文“I told myself that I wanted to finish two articles every weekday, plus one article each Saturday and Sunday.”提到作者自己对自己每一天的文章完成量都作出安排,这里是对工作日程的详细 说明。故选B项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的目标是每周产出12篇文章。A. analyze分析;B. polish抛 光,修改;C. read 阅读:D. produce 产出。根据第四段中“Yes, I was producing ten
32、 articles per week, but I was 13 my goal to produce twelve articles per week.”作者再次提及自 己开始的目标:产出12篇文章。因此空格处结合下文来看,D项produce同词复:现,最符 合文意。故选D项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这对一个人来说太多了,我确信你可以想象得到。A. imagine 想象;B. remember记住;C. suppose推测,猜想;D. propose提议,求婚。根据空格前 “Thats too much work for one guy,”作者提及产出12篇文章对个人来说太多,接着则与读者
33、产生共鸣,寻求认同感,让读者进行想象工作的繁重。故选A项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:通常情况下,我无法满足这些期望。A. forgot忘记;B.pretended 假装;C. failed 失败;D. longed 渴望。根据后文“Instead of writing twelve articles per week, I usually 9 to share ten.”作者每周经常没有完成12篇文章的工作安排, 只分享了 10篇。而上文说到自己的期望太高,因此作者没有满足自己和杂志的期望。故选 C项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我不是每周写12篇文章,而是设法分享10篇。A. tried尝试:B.
34、 managed设法,管理;C. hesitated犹豫做;D. attempted试图,努力。根据后文“Now, you and I both know that ten articles per week is a(n) 11 rate for one person to create content.”说明分享10篇文章是作者成功设法做到的,不可思议的事,结合该句空格 后实际上是在考查动词短语,而“tried to do、“managed to do”、“hesitated to”和“attempled to”中表达出成功分享10篇文章,强调成功的结果就是B项。故选B项。考查形容词词义辨
35、析。句意:这让我疯狂了。A. crazy疯狂的;B. satisfied满意的;C. cautious 小心的;D. curious 好奇的。根据上文“Thats too much work for one guy,”一周完成 12篇文章太难了,作者一周完成10篇文章都快疯狂了,当时的作者对于自己是不满意 的。故选A项。考查形容词词义辨析-。句意:现在,你和我都知道,对于一个人来说,每周十篇文章的创 作速度是惊人的。A. annoying令人恼火的;B. relaxing令人轻松的;C. amazing令人惊讶 的;D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“Thats too much w
36、ork fbr one guy,”作者提及,一个 人创作12篇文章太难,但一周的时间能创作出10篇文章,现在我们看来是令人惊讶的。 故选C项。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但那时候,我感觉自己像个笨蛋。A. genius天才;B. fool笨 蛋;C. success成功;D. failure失败。根据空格前“Back Ihen, though,“可知,这里表示转折 关系,当时的自己并不觉得完成10篇文章是个成功,甚至觉得自己无法完成12篇文章的 目标,是个笨蛋。故选B项。考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:是的,我每周写了 10篇文章,但我没有达到每周写12篇 文章的目标。A. losing sight
37、of忽视,不理会;B. focusing on关注;C. living up to不辜负; D. falling short of 达不到。根据空格后“my goal to produce twelve articles per week”以及结合 上文来看,作者给自己定的期望目标太高,导致他没有达到目标。故选D项。考查副词词义辨析。句意:更糟糕的是,我感到让自己失望了。A. Worse更糟糕的是;B. Otherwise 否则;C. Therefore 因此;D. However 然而。根据上文“I felt like I was letting people down.”可知,作者认为自己
38、没有完成12篇文章的目标,会让别人失望。空格后接着 说,也让自己感到失望。因此,空格处需要填写递进关系的副词,A项符合文意。故选A 项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:经受几个月的痛苦之后,我意识到我的期望太高了。A. realized 意识到;B. argued认为;C. meant意味着;D. explained解释道。根据后文,“what if16expecting two articles every weekday, I only expected one article every weekday?提至lj作者在 2021年年初的想法,说明作者意识到自己原本定的期望太高,应该降低到每个工作
39、口一篇 文章,此时的作者有所意识了。故选A项。考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:2021初的某个时候,我想,“如果我就期望每个工作日只 写一篇文章,而不是期望每个工作日写两篇文章会怎么样? A.inspiteof尽管;B. instead of 而不是;C. in case of 万一 ;D. regardless of 不管。根据空格后“I only expected one article every weekday?”由此可知,作者想到要将原先的期望改变为,期望到每个工作FI写一篇文 章,空格处表示否定的概念。故选B项。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的目标是每周写7篇文章,而不是12篇。A.atl
40、ilude态度;B. desire 欲望;C. aim 目标:D. honor 荣誉。根据上文“My goal was to 6 twelve articles every week.”介绍作者的创作目标时的描述,可知C项aim和“goal”表示相同含义, 与上下文一致。故选C项。考查名词词义辨析。句意:除了生活中的压力,一切都没有改变。A. ability能力;B. stress 紧张;C. reading 阅读;D. writing 写作。根据上文“As the readers grew, I felt 3 tobe turned intoLQJ says Wang Liping, the
41、 principal. 4tWe have raised 100.000yuan ($15,760) of charity funds by encouraging students and their parents to recycle waste, and the money was used to purchase movie screens fbr schools in I lotan, Xinjiang.,According to Liu Jianguo, a professor at Tsinghua University, the implementation of garba
42、ge sorting depends on theparticipation and unremitting efforts of society, which is conducive to the2 of social civilization.“Wide participation of students and school staff will help promote garbage sorting to become a new fashion in society,“ adds Liu.Official data shows that over 90 percent of th
43、e residents in Beijing have participated in waste classification, and about 85 percent can 1 3 categorize the garbage. Butstill, relevant departments arc 14 to further raise the ratio.“Our next move will be more precise supervision of groups that did 1 5 poorerjobs in sorting out garbage/ says a sta
44、ffer with the Beijing Municipal Commission of UrbanManagement.1.A.smellingB. generatingC.eliminatingD. generalizing2.A.skirtedB. migratedC.flewD. hung3.A.proposedB. celebratedC.implementedD. issued4.A.actionB. cashC.garbageD. waste5.A.extentB. elementC.extensionD. initiative6.A.forwardB. aroundC.rou
45、ghlyD. blindly7.A.decisiveB. excessiveC.inclusiveD. academic8.A.scheduledB. integratedC.proposedD. themed9.A.instructionsB. distributionsC.solutionsD. anticipations10.A.sourcesB. suppliesC.demandsD. resources11.A.intensiveB. aggressiveC.successiveD. extensive12.A.promotionB. interventionC.additionD.
46、 communication13.A.accuratelyB. narrowlyC.broadlyD. scarcely14.A.participatingB. supervisingC.strivingD. negotiating15.A.fantasticallyB. relativelyC.deliberatelyD. densely(2022河北模拟预测)Bus driver Sondra Artis had just picked up the last student on her route. As she headed towards Surry County Schools,
47、 the driver 16 a burning smell in the air. When a student asked her what was wrong, she did her best to 17 her provide as much quality information as possible.”可知,为杂志提供高质量的信息让我倍感压 力。但随着降低期望,只要求自己一周创作7篇文章,我心中的的压力就消失了。故选B 项。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很高兴,因为我超出了预期,但我的生产率没有一点变 化。A. moved感动的;B. interested感兴趣的。C. surprised惊讶的;D. pleased高兴的。根 据空格前“But now instead of being angry with mysef,可推测出,作者再不会自己无法完成期 望目标而恼怒,会因超出期望而感到高兴,因此空格处需要填写D项表达作者的愉悦心 情。故选D项。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的期望改变了。随着期望值的降低,幸福感也随之增加。A. willingness意愿;B. kindness善良:C. h叩piness喜悦,幸福:D. sadness悲伤。通读全文 后,了解到作者开始给自己定的期望太高、压力太大,意识到问题后便降低期望值,那么 保持同一创作率