《高中英语Unit1Greatscientists提高练习（含解析）新人教版必修5.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语Unit1Greatscientists提高练习（含解析）新人教版必修5.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Unit 1 Great scientists提高练习第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的4个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AWhat is a boy?Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called a “boy” . Boys come in different sizes, weights, and colors, but all boys have
2、the belief： to enjoy every second of every minute every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.Boys are found everywhere一on top of, under, inside of, climbing on, swinging from, running around, or jumping to this and that! Mothers spoil t
3、hem, little girls hate them, older sisters and brothers love them, and God protects them. A boy is TRUTH with dirt on its face. BEAUTY with a cut on its finger, WISDOM with chocolate in its hair, and HOPE of the future with a snake in its pocket.When you are busy, a boy is a trouble-maker and a nois
4、e. When you want him to make a good impression, his brain turns to jelly, or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.A boy is a mixturehe has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the i
5、magination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something, hjhas five thumbs (拇指) on each hand.He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christinas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat), large animal
6、s, Dad, trains, Saturday mornings, and fire engines. He is not much for Sunday schools, companies, schools, books without pictures, music lessons, neckties, barbers, girls, overcoats, adults, or bedtime.Nobody else is so early to rise, or so late to supper. Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees,
7、 dogs, and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three-foot rope, six cents and some unknown things.A boy is a magical creaturehe is your headache but when you come home at nightLi Hua答案和解析第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）1 .A【解析】主旨大意题。通过快速阅读文章不难看
8、出文章的写作基调是幽默而充满爱的。2 .B【解析】推理判断题。答案在关键词but之后，but之前讲的是boys的长处，而but 之后作者笔锋一转，显然是说男孩的弱点。3. D【解析】细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案。4. C【解析】主旨大意题。本题易误选B。如果不知道be fed up with = be tired of,是 “讨厌”的意思，就很难排除B选项。从文章的最后一段中A boy is a magical creature 及其后面的解释就能看出作者对男孩那种“顽皮劲”、“淘气劲”感到吃惊。5. D【解析】细节理解题。由第一段中的However, he can play ve
9、ry difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them可知他能演奏他听过的乐曲，故选Do6. B【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后两句Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. 可知他原本想要当律师而不是音乐家，故选B项。7. B
10、【解析】推理判断题。由第四段最后一句话,Samuel says confidently, Its all about super memory一I guess I have that gift. ” 可以看出 Samuel 以拥有超强的记忆力 而骄傲。故选B项。8. B【解析】主旨大意题。每段都有Samuel,全文都是说有音乐天才的Samuel的故事，故 选B项。9. C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段可知，当这只海豚在2005年12月刚到海洋公园时， she was fighting for her life”，它的训练员说“Is she going to make it? ”，由 此我们知
11、道，刚开始，它的训练员担心它能不能活下来，故正确答案为C项。10. C【解析】推理判断题。由文章第三段可知，海豚Grace形成了它自己的游泳方式。由第 五段内容可知，给海豚戴上人造尾巴的目的不是为了舒服，而是为了保持动作，锻炼肌 肉，也就是它带着人造尾巴的目的是调整游泳方式，故C项正确。11. D【解析】推理判断题。A项表示“坚持梦想”；B项表示“友好地对待动物”；C项表 示“珍惜拥有”；D项表示“要勇敢面对困难”。由文章内容可知，尽管海豚Grace没有了 尾巴，但是它克服困难，以另外一种方式游泳，最后还提到，它要拍电影给人们带来鼓 励，由此我们知道，我们要勇敢地面对困难，故D项为正确答案。1
12、2. A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段的 But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better.可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起 的，但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。13. C【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句.only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone disease made him concentrate on his work.可矢口, 是“运动 神
13、经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。14. B【解析】段落大意题。由最后一段，特别是信息句He said, When you are faced with the possibility of an early death, it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸 事实。故选B项。15. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知，尽管老师不看好他，同学们仍给 他“爱因斯坦”的绰号，他们从他身上看到好的一面。第
14、二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）16-20 DCGFE第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节；满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）21. D【解析】由上文提到他找到了一种满足全世界的人的需要的办法，因此，首先应该意识 到需要。故选D项，recognize “认出，意识到”。“早在1906年他上初中时，他第一次意 识到那是一种需要。而admit “承认”；fill “填满，满足 ；supply “供应”，皆不 合题意。22. B【解析】由下文可知，他努力克服困难受教育，故选B项。assignment ”作业，任 务；advantage “长处，好处”；inst
15、ruction 指导，指示，教导”，皆不合题意。23. B【解析】由下文“戴尔不得不骑马12英里去上课”，可知是父亲支付不起大学的膳食 费。board “伙食，膳食”，符合题意。而“培训I”、“教学”、“仪器费”不是骑马就能 解决的，故可排除。24. A【解析】“学习不得不在他做农活的间隙里进行“，between ”在之间”，符合题 意。during, over, through 在期间”，指伴随着同时进行，那是不恰当的，不能一边做农活一边学习。25. C【解析】“他退出学校的许多活动”与“他没有时间”之间是因果关系，故选C项。26. D【解析】由下文“他只有一身好衣服”可知他没有参加活动的衣
16、服，故选D项。27. B【解析】由下文“教练拒绝了他”可知他努力参加足球队，故选B项，try for 争取 参加，努力谋求”。28. A【解析】light “轻的；flexible “灵活的；optimistic “乐观的；outgoing “外 向的”。对比四个选项，足球教练拒绝他只能是因为“他太轻了”。故选A项。29. C【解析】他慢慢产生了自卑感。develop 形成，产生，发展”，符合题意。gain, achieve, obtain都是“获得”的意思，不合题意。30. A【解析】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词an inferiority complex （自卑感）。他妈 妈知道自卑
17、感会阻止他获得真正的潜能。prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某 事”，故选A项。其他项，尽管动词搭配正确，但与上下文意思不符。31. A【解析】由下文Dale took his mother，s advice,可知是“妈妈建议他参见学校辩论 队。，故选A项。32. B【解析】由下文的tried desperately他拼命努力，可知“他妈妈相信演讲方面的练习 会让他得到他需要的自信和认可”，故选B项。presence ”出席，到场；potential “潜 力，潜能”，皆不合题意。33 .C【解析】几次尝试之后，他最终成功了。由after可知，在此陈述事情发展的顺
18、序，故 选C项。34 . D【解析】这是他人生的转折点。a turning point 转折点，拐点”。35 . D【解析】 由上文 believing that _ 52 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.可知,在人群之前演讲的确帮他获得了他需要的自信, 故选D项。36 . C【解析】由上文所介绍的发展趋势可知，“到他上高中时一，他已获得了演讲方面的所有 顶级荣誉”，故选C项。37 .C【解析】现在，其他的学生来请求他的指导，他们依次也赢得了竞赛。in turn “轮流， 依次，反
19、过来”，符合题意。in return ”作为回报，作为报答；in brief 简单说 来；in fact “事实上”；皆不合题意。38 .B【解析】由上文可知，他努力克服自卑感，overcome ”克服，符合题意。convey ”传 达，表达”；understand ”明白,理解 ；build “建立，树立”；皆不合题意。39. A【解析】把想法表达给听众的能力（即演讲）建立了人的自信。express “表达”，符合 题意。而stress “强调”；contribute “贡献”；repeat 重复；皆不合题意。40. D【解析】有了自信，他能做他想要做的任何事情。with “有，带着”；符合
20、题意。第二节：（共10小题；每小题L 5分，满分15分）41. to come 【解析】考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.表示愿意做某事。42. the【解析】考查冠词。特指3路公交车。43. and【解析】考查连词。列举几个并列的名词用and。44. it【解析】考查代词。it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。45. Working【解析】考查非谓语动词。Working up a sweat in a ball game or the weights room在句中作主语，此处表示客观的情况，所以用动词-ing形式。46. fatter 【解析】考查比较级。根
21、据空前面的much可知，此处用比较级。47. and【解析】考查并列连词。上下为顺承关系，故用and。48. be used【解析】考查语态。句子的主语是whatever little spare time you have, 和动词use之间是被动关系，根据空前面的must可知，此处填be used。句意：无论你有 多么少的业余时间都应用在锻炼上。49. until【解析】考查连词。句意：至少俱乐部一直开到晚上12点。50. front 【解析】考查固定搭配。in front of “在前面”。第三部分：写作（满分35分）第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）将 feel 改
22、为 felto【解析】考查时态。此文用一般过去时态描述，故将feel改为felt。2 .将 Find 改为 Finding。【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处不是句子，故用非谓语动词，逻辑主语是John,两者间是 主动关系,故将Find改为Findingo3 .将 healthy 改为 health。【解析】考查名词和形容词的转换。此处应用名词，故将healthy改为health。4 .将 hour 改为 hours o【解析】考查名词单复数。前面有severs1,故将hour改为hours。5 .将 have a difficulty 的 a 去掉。【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定搭配have dif
23、ficulty in doing：做某事有困难。故去掉a。6 .将 what 改为 which【解析】考查关系代词。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，故用which。7 .在I前加ando【解析】考查连接词。此处为固定句型：祈使句/名词（短语）+and/but/or/+主句，前 后部分之间是承接关系，故加一个and。8 .将of改为for。【解析】考查介词。此处意为对我来说，故用for。9 .将her改为him。【解析】考查代词。此处是指John,男的,故用him。10 .将for改为too【解析】考查介词。addicted to是固定搭配，故改为to。第二节：书面表达（满分25分）参
24、考范文：Dea匚 Tom,It is great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we held a growing-up ceremony for our coming 18-year-old birthday. At first we made an oath that as grown-ups we should have a sense of duty for our society from
25、 now on. Then we showed our thanks to our parents who had gone through hardships to bring us up and teachers who have educated us patiently. And our teachers also gave us cards expressing their good wishes to us. Finally we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot from th
26、e activity. I think it，s very important for us. I will remember the day in my life.Best wishes.Yours,Li Huawith only shattered pieces of your hopes and dreams, he can mend them like new with two magic words, “Hi, Dad ! ”1. The whole passage is in a tone（调子）of.A. humor and affectionB. respect and har
27、monyC. ambition and expectationD. confidence and imagination2. Could you figure out the meaning of the underlined sentence?A. He has altogether five fingers.B. He is slow, foolish and clumsy.C. He becomes clever and smart.D. He cuts his hand with a knife.3 . According to the writer , boys appreciate
28、 everything in the following except.A. ice creamB. comic booksC. Saturday morningsD. Sunday schools4. What does the writer feel about boys?A. He feels curious about their noise.B. He is fed up with these creatures.C. He is amazed by their naughtiness. D. He feels unsafe staying with them.BSamuel Osm
29、ond is a 19-year-old boy student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the n
30、otes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare, but Sam
31、uel doesn，t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studied law and music.Samuel can，t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother
32、 played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me一I hear the notes and can bear them in mindeach and every note. ” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel
33、performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can，t play it. Samuel says confidently, Its all about super memory
34、一I guess I have that gift.”However, SamueT s ability to remember things doesn，t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn，t know what he wants to do
35、 in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.5. What is special about Samuel Osmond?A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play the musical piece he hears.6. What can w
36、e learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.7. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragr
37、aph 4?A. He became famous during a special event at his college.B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.8. Which of the following is the best title of this
38、passage?A. The Qualities of a MusicianB. The Story of a Musical Talent.C. The Importance of Early EducationD. The Relationship between Memory and MusicCTail SpinMxlunUeTwo dolphins race around in a big pool in the OceanPark. The smaller dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around a
39、nd waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that shes even swimming at all. She doesn，t have a tail.Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she
40、 going to make it? ” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it一but her tail didn，t. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down.
41、Grace taught herself to move another way一like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.The movements put harmful pressure on Grace，s backbone. So a company offered to create a man-made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grac
42、e as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn，t hurt her.The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. The new tail isn，t nece
43、ssary for her to feel comfortable, “ says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion （动作）and build muscles （肌肉）.Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more
44、than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man-made tail gives people so much courage. 9. When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about herA. physical buildB. potential abilityC. chance of survivalD. adaptation to the s
45、urroundings10. A man-made tail is created for Grace to .A. let her recover fasterB. make her comfortableC. adjust her way of swimmingD. help her perform better tricks11. The story of Grace inspires people to .A. stick to their dreamsB. treat animals friendlyC. treasure what they haveD. face difficul
46、ties bravelyDHe is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist （天体物理学家）Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall, Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not
47、 active in studying while at Oxford University, where he studied physics, and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone（神 经元）disease made him concentrate on his work.Professor Hawking said: My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter th
48、an me. ” He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class. My classwork was very untidy, and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers, “ he said. But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein, so presumably they saw signs of something better. ”But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early br