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1、八年级英语下册Unit 2 Section A预习指导一、知识点1.Clean up 打扫干净注意：clean up后的宾语如果是人称代词，则须位于之间Eg: Clean it up 把它打扫干净Clean (动词) “打扫”(名词) “干净的”Eg: clean the room 打扫房间The room is clean. 这个房间很干净。2.Help (动) “帮忙”（1）help sb.with sth.= help sb.(to) do sth “帮忙做某事”（2）help oneself to. “随便吃/喝.”（3）cant help doing sth. “情不自禁做某事”He
2、lp (名) “帮忙” with ones help = with the help of sb. “在某人的帮助下”Eg: She always helps her mother clean the room.她总是帮她的妈妈打扫房间。With the help of the teacher, my English is improving.在老师的帮助下，我的英语正在提升。3.Offer help 提供帮助Offer (动词) “提供”常见搭配：offer sb.sth.= offer sth.to sb.提供某人某物Eg: She offered me lots of help.= Sh
3、e offered lots of help to me.她给我提供了许多帮助。4.Hope (动词) “希望”常见搭配：hope to do sth.= hope + that 从句Eg: I hope to visit Beijing one day.= I hope that I will visit Beijing one day.我希望有一天参观北京。5.Work outside 去外面工作6.The sick kids 生病的孩子补充：“the + 形容词”常用来表示这一类人Eg: the old 老年人The young 年轻人The sick 病人7.In the hospit
4、al 在医院里In hospital 住院Eg: Mr.Wang works in the hospital.王先生在这所医院工作。Mr.Wang is in hospital.王先生住院了。8.Cheer sb.up = make sb.Happy使某人高兴起来Eg: Lets do something to cheer him up.让我们做些事使他高兴起来。9.give相关搭配：Give out 分发Give away 捐赠Give up 放弃Give in 屈服Give back 归还Give off 发出（气味/光/热等）10.At the food bank 食品救济站11.Vol
5、unteer (名词) “志愿者”(动词) “志愿做”常见搭配：volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事Eg: Tony volunteered to take part in the sports meeting.托尼自愿参加运动会。12.Teach （动词）“教”常用结构：teach sb.sth. “教某人某事”Eg: Miss.Wang teaches us English. “王老师教我们英语。”Teach oneself “自学”Eg: He teaches himself English. “他自学英语。”Teach sb.to do sth. “教某人做某事”Eg:
6、 I teach him to speak English. “我教他学英语。”派生词：teacher (名词) “老师”13.Come up with 想出；指出常见搭配：come on 快点；加油Come out 出版；开花；出来Come over 过来；顺便来访Come true 实现Come from 来自14.Plan (名词) “计划” make a plan 制定计划(动词) “计划” plan to do sth.计划做某事Eg: You should make a plan before you do something.你在做事之前应该制定个计划。We plan to vi
7、sit Beijing next week.我们计划下周参观北京。15.Tell sb.about sth. 告诉某人关于某事Eg: She tells me about her experience.她给我讲了她的经历。16.Put off 推迟常见搭配：put up 张贴；搭建；举起Put on 穿上Put away 收起来Put out 扑灭Put down 放下Put back 放回原处17.Notice (名词) “布告；通知”Notice (动词) “注意”常见搭配：notice sb.do/ doing sth. 注意到某人做了/正在做某事Eg: She noticed a gi
8、rl swimming in the river.她注意到一个小女孩正在河里游泳。18.Hand .out 分发Hand .in 上交Eg: Ill hand them out after school.我会放学后分发给他们。19.Call sb.Up= ring sb.up 给某人打电话Eg: We could each call up 10 students.我们能每次征召10学生。20.Ask sb.(not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事Eg: My mum asked me to finish my homework before dinner.我妈妈要求我晚饭前完成作
9、业。21.Old peoples home 老年之家22.Help out 帮忙23.Things like reading the newspaper to the old people向给老人读报之类的事24.Tell a story 讲故事Eg: They told me stories about the past.他们给我讲关于过去的故事。25.Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事Be used to doing sth.习惯做某事Be used to do sth.被用来做某事Eg: I used to work by car, but now I am used to
10、working on foot.我过去常常开车上班，但是现在我习惯走路上班。The machine is used to wash clothes. 这个机器是用来洗衣服的。26.Lonely 与 alone区别：Lonely (形容词) “孤独的”；“偏僻的”Alone (副词) “独自一人”Eg: The old man lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.那位老人独自一人居住但是他不感到孤单。27.Listen to . “听.”Eg: Listen to the teacher carefully.认真听老师讲课。28.Care for .= l
11、ook after = take care of . “照顾.”常见搭配：take care 小心Care about 关心；在意Take care of 照顾Eg: You must care for yourself.你一定要照顾好自己。29.Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事Give up 时间 to do sth. 腾出时间做某事Eg: Dont give up chasing your dream.不要放弃追逐你的梦想。Can you give up one hour to teach me English?你能腾出一个小时叫我英语吗？30.Several = a fe
12、w = some + 名词复数 “几个.”Eg: There are several boys in the class.这个班中只有一个男孩。31.each与every区别：Each 强调整体中的个体，做形容词用来修饰名词，做代词时可以与of连用Eg: each student 每个学生Each of them 他们每个人every强调整体，不能与of连用Eg: Every student was here.每个学生都在这了。32.Want to be a/an . 成为一名.Eg: I want to be a writer when I grow up.我长大想成为作家。33.Every
13、 Saturday morning 每周六上午On Saturday morning 在周六上午34.Believe (动词) “相信”固定搭配：believe sb. “相信某人”believe sb./ sth.(to be) + 形容词/名词 “相信/认为某人/某物是.”believe that 从句 “相信/认为.”believe in . “信奉（宗教、神等）；信任（人格、力量等）”Its believed that 从句 “人们都相信.”Eg: I believe him all the time. 我一直都相信他。Do you believe his reports?你相信他的报
14、告吗？I believe that he can pass the exam.我相信他能通过考试。We believe in his ability. 我们相信他的才干。It is believed that God will see everything. 相信老天会看到一切。35.Learn more about . 更了解.Learn to do sth.学习做某事Eg: She learned to play the piano.她学习弹钢琴。36.特殊疑问词 + to do sth. Eg: Where to go 去哪How to do 怎么做37.Get a strong fee
15、ling of satisfaction 产生一种强烈的满足感38.Feeling (名词) “感觉”- feel (动词) “感觉”Eg: the feeling of satisfaction 满足感39.Satisfaction (名词) “满足” - satisfy (动词) “满足”To ones satisfaction 令某人满足的是Eg: To their satisfaction, everyone gives them a warm welcome.令他们满意的是，每个人都热烈欢迎他们。40.Own (动词) “拥有” (形容词) “某人自己的” - owner (名词)
16、“主人”Ones own + 名词 “某人自己的”Eg: This is my own house.这是我自己的房子。41.Such (形容词) “如此的”常见结构：such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词Such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词So (副词) “如此”常见结构：so + 形容词/副词So + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词So + many/much/few/ little + 名词Eg: She is such a kind girl.= She is so kind a girl.她是如此可爱的一个女孩。42.By oneself = on ones o
17、wn 某人自己Eg: She can learn English by herself.= She can learn English on her own.她可以自学英语。43.At the age of. “在.岁时”Eg: I started to learn English at the age of five.我五岁开始学英语。44.Decide to do sth. 决定做某事Decide (动词) “决定” - decision (名词) “决定”Make a decision 做决定Eg: She decided to be a writer.她决定成为作家。45.Try ou
18、t 参加.；选拔46.Once a week 一周一次注意：就其提问用how often开头- How often do you have English in a week?- Three times a week.你一周学几次英语？一周三次。47.Go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事Go on to do sth.继续做另一件事Go on a + 名词 进行/举行.Eg: Lets go on talking about this.让我们继续讨论这吧。48.动名词作主语谓语动词用单数Watching English movie is a way to learn English
19、.看英语电影是学英语的一种方式。49.Dream come true. 梦想成真。Eg: My dream will come true one day.我的梦想有一天会成真。50.At the same time 同时Eg: I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我可以做我爱做的事通安徽帮助其他人。51.Would like to do sth.= want to do sth.= feel like doing sth.想要做某事Eg: I would like to be a scientist.我想成为一
20、名科学家。二、练习题一、英汉互译1.Put off _2.振奋起来 _3.Make a plan _4.打扫干净 _5.At the age of ._二、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.The old man usually stays at home by himself, so he feels l_.2.We need a _ (志愿者) to help look after the kids.3.S_ of my friends are learning English at language schools.4.There was a _ (通知) on the board.5.S
21、he looked at her painting with s_.三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.I hope _ (be) a volunteer in an after - school reading program.2.We cant put off _(do) our homework until tomorrow.3.Mary asked me _ (see) the film last weekend.4.I used to _ (be) a shy girl.5.I didnt have breakfast.Now I have a _ (feel) of hunger.四、单
22、项选择( )1.Look! Your room is so dirty.Please _.A.clean up it B.clean up themC.clean it up D.clean them up( )2.Dont _ the advertisements on this board.A.put down B.put on C.put up D.put off( )3.I hope _ my spoken English can you help me?A.improve B.improves C.improving D.to improve( )4.I think it is po
23、pular to _ red envelopes on WeChat during festivals.A.give out B.give away C.give back D.give up( )5.I need to _ some way so of getting money because I have no money.A.pick up B.come up with C.take up D.set up( )6.My parents _ me to the zoo when I was young.A.was used to take B.is used to takingC.us
24、ed to take D.used to taking( )7.We dont know _ next.Lets go and ask Mr.Li.A.what to do B.to do what C.to do which D.to do how( )8.- We hope to help poor children without enough food.- You _ set up a food bank.A.must B.could C.need D.have to( )9.After a short rest, they go on _.A.study B.to study C.s
25、tudying D.to studying( )10.They volunteer _ at the local hospital.A.to work B.working C.work D.to working五、翻译句子1.他们同时到达终点线。They arrived at the finishing line _ _ _ _.2.我相信总有一天我的梦想会实现。I believe my dream can _ _ one day.3.我们得尽力使他振作起来。We should try to _ _ _.4.这位老人并不感到寂寞，他的孩子每周去看他一次。This old man doesnt
26、_ _, his children go to see him _ _ _.5.我们不能推迟这次会议。We cant _ _ the meeting.六、句型转换1.He wants to be an animals doctor.(同义句转换)He _ _ _ _ an animal doctor.2.She learnt English at the age of five.(同义句转换)She learnt English _ _ _ five years old.3.Mary has a dream job because she can do what she loves to do
27、.(对划线部分提问)_ _ Mary _ a dream job?4.To learn English well is important for us.(同义句转换)_ _ important for us _ _ English.5.She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.(同义句转换)She is _ _ _ everyone likes her.七、补全对话A: Would you like to have dinner with me this evening, Eric?B: 1._ Maybe another time.
28、A: What are you doing?B: Im making a plan.2._A: What plan? Is it very important?B: Yes.I always do voluntary work on the first Saturday of every month.A: 3._B: I volunteer at the childrens hospital.I help to plan some activities.A: 4._B: Of course.You could help to make the sick children happy.A: 5.
29、_ I can tell them some interesting stories.A.Er.Eric, could I join you?B.When do you want to do voluntary work?C.What kind of voluntary work do you do?D.Sorry, Id love to, but Im busy.E.Could you come and help me?F.Oh, Id love to do that.G.I must finish it on time.附：参考答案一、1.推迟2.cheer .up3.制定计划4.clea
30、n up5.在.岁时二、1.lonely 2.volunteer 3. Several 4.notice 5.satisfaction三、1.to be 2.doing 3.to see 4.be 5.feeling四、1 - 5 CCDAB 6 - 10 CABCA五、1.at the same timee true3.cheer him up4.feel lonely; once a week5.put off六、1.would like to be2.when she was3.Why does; have4.It is; to learn5.so lovely that七、1 - 5 DGCAF9