《托福阅读核心词汇.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《托福阅读核心词汇.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、托福阅读的核心词汇想要托福阅读拿高分，词汇是重中之重，我整理了一些重点词汇, 下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。托福阅读的核心词汇退步decline/halt/repress/recession/cease/fall削减decrease/abate/curb/curtail/drop/ebbevaporate/fade/lower/reduce/restrain/shrinkslacken/slump/subside/wane/diminish/subtract增加/进展increase/develop/enlarge/expand/grow/raise advance/aggrandize/
2、amplify/augment/boost/ broaden/enhance/enlarge/escalate/extend further/heighten/inflate/magnify/mount progress/proliferate/spread/swell/widen进展/进步/加强/丰富/增加develop/advance/evolve/expand/flourish foster/grow/maturate/mature/promote/ripen thrive/amplify/augment/broaden/cultivate deepen/enlarge/enrich/e
3、xtend/intensify在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我 们可以依据生词或难词的反义词猜想其词义。例如：Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy, unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new friends. Gregarious,对很多人来说可能是个 生词，但是句中单词unlike可以提示我们Gregarious和后面的词 unsociable person是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出意 为Gregarious
4、是爱交际的。六、依据常识性线索猜想题义这是指依据篇章（句子或段落）以外的其他学问来猜想词义。有时仅 靠分析篇章内在规律关系无法猜出词义。这时，就需要运用生活阅历 和一般常识确定词义。例如：The cat came quickly through the grass towards the birds .when it was just a few from the feet from the victim, it gathe门ts legs under itself and pounced.假如 pounce 是生词。推想该 词我们可以凭借我们的常识，我们知道当猫看到鸟时，通常它会先把 爪子收
5、起来，然后再突然向小鸟发起进攻。由此可以推断pounce 一 词的意思是“突然攻击。再如 Its really cold out tonight. My hands are practically numb. 依据 生活阅历，天气寒冷时，手确定是numb“冻僵的，冻得麻木的。七、利用构词法猜想词义此法包括利用前、后缀及合成词猜想词义。7.1 前、后缀猜想词义英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义,把握住这一点，可起到以不变应万变的效果。例如He had been overworking and fell ill at last, overwork 是由前缀 over-加动词构
6、成， over有超过，过于之意，overwork意思是工作过多，劳累过度。再如， overburden负担过重，overcharge要价过高，overdo做得过分。英语 中常用的前缀还有：mis-错，误：misfortune不幸;mislead误 导;mismanage 处理不当 mid-中心、：midnight 半夜;midway 半路 under- 彳氐于：underdone 半生不熟的;underestimate 低估;anti-反对：antibody 抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂。还有一些后缀派生词：例 如 l）You must stop dreami
7、ng and face reality.（-ty 为名词的标志）；2）The country is trying to popularize education, （-ize 为及物动词的标志，再如 realize, modernize）o7.2 利用合成词猜想词义Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.依据短语构成及上下文意思看，此处 partakes in 相当于 takes part in。再如 break out-out
8、break（名词爆发）, set out-outset（名词起始），come in-income（名词收入magnify/perfect/refine/spread/strengthenenhance/stretch/widen/hike/aid/assist/boost/boom/blossom/expedi(a)te开头/产生begin/start/commence/originate/initiate generate/form/unfold/arise/create/kindle ignite毁灭/消逝/消散extinguish/abolish/annihilate/crush/des
9、troy eliminate/eradicate/erase/extirpate/obliterate quell/remove/stamp out/suppress/repress quench/smother/stifle/suffocate/trample disappear/depart/disperse/dissipate/dissolve ebb/end/evaporate/expire/fade/fade away/flee recede/retire/retreat/sink/wane/withdraw 废除/取消/抵消/使无效abolish/eliminate/annul/n
10、ullify/annihilate cancel/dissolve/invalidate/negate/neutralize oblite rate/revo ke/retra ct/del ete/e rase/effa ce counteract/offset/act against转变change/alter/vary/modify adapt/adju st/co nve rt/evolve/dive rge/lowe r diversify/diminish/fluctuate/merge/reform reduce/regenerate/remake/renovate/resolv
11、e revolutionize/shape/shift/substitute/temper transform/turn/vacillate/revise/customize 不转变continue/hold/keep/persist/remain/stay/sustain maintain/retain/reserve/preserve/conserve/fix 保留 preserve守conserve存 reserve保持持 keep/retain/maintain/sustainuphold/perpetuate/perseverepersist怀疑（的）suspicous/doubta
12、ble/dubious/rule outwith hold/skeptical确认/验证/证明/论证corroborate/approve/authenticate/certify confirm/endorse/justify/prove/ratify substantiate/support/validate/verify affirm/ascertain/attest/determine/manifestsettle/tesify/uphold/warrant处理/管理/命令/掌握/支配cope with/handle/administer/demand/command/conductd
13、ominate/employ/exercise/govern/manipulatesupervise/utilize/wield/dispose (of)/array大量的copious/ample/bountiful/extensive/full/generouslavish/liberal/lush/overflowing/plentiful/profuseprolix/replete/rich/abundant/capacious/substantialsufficient少的/缺乏的lacking/meager/scarce/insufficient转折词副词：alternativel
14、y/conversely/neverthelesshowever/instead/still连词：but/while/whereas/and/nevertheless介词：despite/in spite of思索类动词总结Think/assume/conceive/conclude/expect/determine/hold/judge/presume/reckon/see/sense/suppose/comprehend/consider/deduceinfer/deliberate/evaluate/examine/meditate/mull/mull over/muse/ponder/
15、rationalize/ reason/reflect/resolve/ruminate/speculate/ study/turn over/weigh/contemplate/convey 思索类名词总结（观点/概念/理论） Notion/idea/view/concept/perception perspective/observation/examination witness/judgment/approach/hypothesis impression/supposition/theory/thought apprehension/comprehension/realization
16、 consideration/interpretation/understanding speculation/version/picture/inclination/ideology 支持类单词总结Support/maintain/insist/hold/uphold/agree/ accede/admit/consent/assent/verify/revel in/ glory in/believe in/dietate/ceIebrate/vaIue 反对类单词总结Contradict/decline/disagree/dispute/dissent/ oppose/protest/r
17、efuse/abandon/neglect/ disapprove/condemn核心的;主要的;基本的;内在的 essential/chief/crucial/corefundamental/main/key/inbornprincipal/elementary/primaryindispensable/central/vitalunderlying/inherent/intrinsic/inborn重要的;显著的important/valuable/substantial/big/considerable/critical/crucial/decisive/earnest/exceptio
18、nal/markedmeaningful/momentous/paramount/salient/significant/weightyeminent/influential/outstanding/distinctive/esteemed/grandhonored/illustrious/leading/majestic/notable/powerfulprominent/remarkable/solid/superior/conspicuous限制/阻挠limit/confine/compress/decrease/lessennarrow/bar/bind/cap/check/const
19、raint/curbimpede/inhibit/obstruct/restrict/crampdiminish/block/choke/frustrate/hamperh i n d e r/ret a rd/sta I l/t h rottle/t h wa rt托福阅读高分的重点是词汇托福阅读被大家认为是最好拿分且最不行以丢分的地方，目标就是 向着30分冲击。但事实上真正能够拿到托福阅读满分的人却绝不在 多数。其实我认为近年来托福阅读部分的难度是有所增加的，加之托 福阅读是考试的第一部分，是考试的适应期，多数人都还在平复着自 己的紧急心理，没有完全地进入状态，所以临场发挥也会多少受到些
20、影响。所以在考试的复习期间，也绝不行以轻敌。下面我就为大家介 绍下托福阅读的小窍门吧。首先背托福单词是必需的，某种程度上来说，单词量的多少是和托 福阅读的正确率成正比的。加之托福词汇大部分都是比较常用的，背 熟一点有益无害。另一个问题，很关键的问题，就是时间问题。托福 考试的时间限制会对考生造成很大的影响，会与紧急的心理作用产生 交互作用。考试时候第一篇20min,后两篇总共40min。一般来说， 第一篇的时间是感觉最紧急的。我们所要做的就是在练习的时候严格 掌握时间，努力提高做题效率，读文章时候尽量一次读明白，避开在 做题时候重复读文章铺张相当长的时间。最终一点留意就是，切勿主 观臆断，答题
21、时一切以文章为准。托福阅读猜词的七大技巧一、利用定义式线索进行猜想定义是为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的 术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释供应的信息具有明确的针对性, 利用它们猜想词义比较简单。例如:Kinetic energy is the energy of moving particles. Kinetic enegry可能是生词，由定义可知，表语是说 明主语性质内容的。所以kinetic energy就是运动粒子的能量。再如 Typhoons are cyclones, storms with strong winds rotating around a low-p
22、ressure center.假如cyclones是生词，推断该词义的线索就是其 后面的解释“绕低气压中心形成的暴风雨由此我们可知cyclones的意 思是“绕低气压中心形成的暴风雨。在这种解释中定义句的谓语动词 多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute 等。二、依据进一步阐述猜想词义虽然进一步阐述不如定义那样严谨、具体，但是供应的信息足以使 我们猜诞生词的词义。复述部分可以是适当的词，短语或者句子。
23、例 如 Experts in kinesics, in their study of body motion as related to speech ,hope to discover new methods of communications. 逗号中短语 的意思是“对肢体语言进行讨论的学科。短语与前面生词kinesics是 同位关系，因此我们不难猜出kinesics指肢体语言学。在这种复述 当中，构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号, 冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。另外同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words
24、, namely, or other,等副词或短语消失。另外一 种会以定语从句的形式消失如从句Obesity, which is a medical disorder that affects approximately 20-30% of the population of the United States of America. It is an excessive accumulation of body fat that results from the storage of excess food energy calories in the bodys fat cells. 依据
25、生 词obesity后面的非限制性定语从句which is a medical disorder that affects approximately 20-30% of the population of the United States of America. It is an excessive accumulation of body fat that results from the storage of excess food energy calories in the bodys fat cells. 我们可以推 断出obesity的含义,即“过度肥胖。三、依据举例猜想词义恰
26、当的举例能够供应猜想生词的重要线索，例如The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 句中“战 斗和“重大科学发觉是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochal 的 大致词义“重要的。四、依据上下文的语境关联猜想词义例如 Computers have been used for most kinds of crime, includin
27、g fraud theft, larceny, embezzlement, burglary, sabotage, murder and forgery, since the first cases were reported in 1985. 这句话中有彳艮多生 词消失，但通过上文的crime和murder 一词，我们可以知道这些下 划线词都是与犯罪有关的词。在考试中，就不必费心去考虑它们的详 细意思，知道也许类别即可。再如Goran Ivanisevic fears only one service in tennis - Michael Stichs. His toss is alway
28、s the same: the straight one or the topspin. Sampras has a good serve and Becker too, but Stichs is the toughest to read.在此例中,大多数词用于网球运动中 的一些特地词汇，我们可以不必理睬，而主要关注熟悉的那些词。这 样能够也许理解此句讲的是网球选手Goran可怕某种service,通过上 下文大致可得知这是指网球运动中的一个动作（比如发球、扣球等）。 其实，service就是发球的意思。从形容词straight可知Stichs发球 的特点，而且他是最难猜测的一个。这样一来就可以很好地把握文章 内容了。