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1、Unit1readingUnit1readingNewwords1.harm n/vt 伤害 损害 harmful adj 有害的 harmless adj 无害的 be harmful to =do harm to 对有害 do sb harm=do harm to sb 对某人有害 mean no harm 无恶意 there is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有坏处翻译：摄入大量脂肪对你的健康有害。Eating a large amount of fat is harmful to your health.这些物体会释放有害的气体，这些气体可能对我们的健康有害Thi
2、s objects gives off harmful gases,which may do harm to our health.Everyone knows smoking is _(harm)to their health,but many of them cant keep themselves away from it.Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm _ health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body.It is absolutely _(har
3、m)to our bodies if applied properly.harmfultoharmless2.overseasadj海外的，国外的adv在海外，在国外overseasdevelopment/markets/trade海外发展/市场/贸易athomeandoverseas在国内外liveoverseas在国外生活gooverseas出国Everyyearninemillionoverseasvisitorscometothecity.Withthenumberofhomecoming_(留学生)shootingupinrecentyears,theattractionoffore
4、igndegreeholdershasgraduallyfaded.Inadditiontonativeplants,thisgardencontainsnumeroustreesandflowers_(来自海外)overseasstudentsfromoverseas 3.million num 一百万；许多，大量 millionaire n 百万富翁注意：当a,one,two 等具体数字或several,a few 等与million连用时，后面不加s.若前面没有具体数字或数量时,可用millions of Up to five million people a year visit th
5、e country.The company has been worth millions of dollars._(million)of people are threatened with starvation as a result of drought and poor harvests.Millions4.lengthn长，长度，篇幅，（电影）片长inlength在长度上atlength详尽地；最后gotogreatlengths竭尽全力Wehavealreadydiscussedthisplan_length,sonextweshouldsparenoefforttocarryit
6、out.Allthevideosforthestudentsself-studymustbeunder5minutes_length.Theareacanbeeasilyworkedoutifyouknowthe_(long)andwidth.atinlength5.species种，物种endangeredspecies濒临物种thediversityofspecies物种多样性Thisregionisthehomeofmanyspeciesofwildflower.Theendangeredspecies_(be)facingthedangerofextinction,andhowtoad
7、apttothechangesofthehabitatisratherchallengingtothem.Thisspecies_(have)nearlydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.arehas6.varietyn不同种类，变化，多样性agreat/wide/largevarietyof各种各样的varyfromto从到变化varywith随着变化various/variedadj各种各样的=awiderangeofThewetlandsarehometoawidevarietyofwildlife,sowemustmakeaneffort
8、toprotectthem.Whenpreparingmeals,weneedtothinkaboutvarietyandtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.Thenewpark,wheretherearevariousfreshflowers,offersavarietyofthingstoplaywith.Manyvisitors,whoseagesvaryfrom1to60,gototheparktohavefun.Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerare_(vary)Wespentthew
9、holemorningwanderingthestreetsofthesmalltown,visitinga_(vary)ofshopssellinggiftsandenjoyingalivemusicshow.Avarietyofhisbooks_(be)publishedinrecentyears.Whetheritisinthepast,atpresent,orinthefuture,timewillnotvary_thedevelopmentoftheworld.various/variedvarietyhavebeenwith7.beneath在下面，配不上beneaththesur
10、face表面之下thepeoplebeneathher地位比她低的人Atdusk,theydiscoveredalargeparcelbeneathapileofleaves.Tomysurprise,thetofubeneaththefriedskinwaswarm,soft,andmouth-watering.Whentheearthquakehappened,Ifeltthegroundbeneathmeshakingviolently.Heconsiderssuchjobsbeneathhim.8.livingadj活着的，在使用的makealiving=earnonesliving谋
11、生alllivingthings所有生物standardofliving/livingconditions生活水平/生活条件HeisthegreatestlivingnovelistinEngland.Itissaidthattherearemorethanfivethousandlivinglanguagesintheworld.Astheeconomydevelops,thelivingconditionsofpeoplehavebeenimprovedaccordingly.辨析living/live/lively/alivelivingadj活着的。可修饰人或物，做前置定语livead
12、j活的。作前置定语，还可表示“现场直播的”livelyadj生动有趣的，有活力的，活泼的，可修饰人或物，作定语，表语或补语。aliveadj活着，有活力。可修饰人或物，作表语，补语或后置定语，不可以作前置定语。Theproblemmustbedealtwithinnotime,oritwilldogreatharmtothe_thingsinthisarea.Therescuersfoundthelittlegirlstill_aftertheearthquake,sotheysenthertothehospitalatonce.Everyweektheyhavetolearnadiffere
13、ntdanceandperformit_onTvonSaturdaynight.Schoolsshouldbe_placeswhereindividualsareencouragedtodeveloptotheirgreatestpotential.living/livealivelivelively9.survive生存，幸存surviveon依靠维持生活survivesbby比多活survivaln生存，幸存，存活survivorn幸存者survivalofthefittest适者生存Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,thewayfor
14、ustosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.Thefrontpassengerswereluckytosurvivethecaraccidentwithoutanyinjury.MrGreenwasoneofthesurvivorswhosurvivedtheearthquake.Hetoldushesurvivedonabottleofwaterintheruins.Everyonesaidhissurvivalwasawonder.Herfatherwasasoldierandwasoneofthe_(survive)oftheattackonPearlH
15、arbor.Thebasicfunctionoffruitsinnatureistospreadtheseedsofplantstoensurethe_(survive)ofthespecies.Mygrandmapassedawaylastyearandshesurvivedmygrandpa_fiveyears.Howdosethefamilysurvive_suchasmallmonthlywage?survivorssurvivalbyon10.inturn可作状语，常位于句中或句末意思是“轮流，依次，反过来，因此”byturns轮流，依次inonesturn轮到某人时taketurn
16、sdoing/todosth轮流做某事itsonesturntodosth轮到某人做某事inreturn作为回报Thetheoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.Therewerecheersforeachofthekidsastheyperforminturn.Dontbeafraidofdifficulties.Theycanhelpyouaccumulateexperience,andexperiencecan,inturn,broadenyourhorizons.Weusuallytaketurnstocleantheroom,andt
17、odayitismyturntocleanit.11.breakdown(机器或车辆)坏掉，出故障；使分解；(谈判或协议等)失败；精神崩溃，身体垮了；消除，驱除-Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.-Sorry.Withsomuchworkfillingmymind,myhealthalmostbreaksdown.Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes.-Themachineisworkingagain!-Yes,itbroke
18、downyesterday,butithasbeenfixed.Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight,becausethetwosidescouldntagreeonthedetails.Shehopestobuildbridgesandbreakdownmisunderstandingsbetweendifferentcultures.12.breathelifeinto给带来起色，注入活力TheAmazonrainforestbreatheslifeintotheplanet.Ateachershouldtrytobreathelifeint
19、ohissubject.Wehopenewemployeescanbreathenewlifeintoourcompanyandpromoteitsdevelopment.13.disappear消失，灭绝，失踪disappearancen失踪，消失appear/showup/turnup出现，露面Hernervousnessquicklydisappearedonceshewasonstage.Thereisnoproofthatthe_(disappear)ofthemhasacloseconnectionwiththeradiationofthemobilephones.Bythe192
20、0s,wolveshaddisappeared_theYellowstonearea.disappearancefrom14.dueto由于，因为近义短语：onaccountof,asaresultof,becauseof,asaconsequenceof,thanksto,owingtobeduetodo预期做某事beduetosb应支付/应给予某人Theprojecthadtobeabandonedduetoalackofgovernmentfunding.Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretrave
21、l,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Pleasemakesureyoureturnthebookbeforeitsdue.HeismakingpreparationsfortheEnglishspeakingcontestwhichisduetotakeplacenextweek.Haveyoupaidthemoneythatisduetothem?15.extinctionn灭绝，绝种extinctadj已灭绝的；绝迹的Measuresmustbetakentoprotecttheanimalswhichareatth
22、eedgeofextinction.Theideaofcloningextinctlifeformsstillbelongstosciencefiction.Wemustprotecttheseendangeredanimalsbeforetheybecomeextinct.Itisbetterforthesakeofevolutiontoallowcreaturestogoextinct.16.impactn巨大影响，撞击vt(对某事物)有影响/作用haveanimpact/influence/effecton对有影响impacton/upon对有影响makeadifferenceto对有影
23、响influence/affectsb/sth对有影响Readinghasanimpactonthewayweseetheworld.Recentstudiesestimatethatbetween400millionand1billionbirdsdiefromwindowimpactseachyearintheUSalone.Hergrandmasdeathimpactedgreatlyonherchildhoodyears.Whatparentssayanddowillhaveagreatimpactontheirchildren.17.damagen/vt损害，毁坏do/causeda
24、mageto对造成损害badly/seriouslydamage严重损害slightlydamage轻微损害Itwasntaseriousaccident.Thatcarwasonlyslightlydamaged.Itisclearthathumanbeingshavedonegreatdamagetotheenvironmentovertheyears.Hewashitbyacarandsufferedseriousbraindamage.18.buildup逐渐增加，扩大，增强的体质；创建(setup/establish/found)builduponesconfidence/muscl
25、es/strength/bodyIamverygladtoseethatyourvocabularyisgraduallybuildingup.Notonlydoesexercisebuildupbody,butalsoitmakesusrelaxedandrefreshedus.ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.IhopeIllbuildupmyownbusinesssomeday.Hehasbuiltupaverysuccessfulbusiness.NowheispracticingChineseKungfu.Inhisopinion,notonlycanitbuilduponesstrength,butitcanalsobuilduphisconfidence.