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1、秘密2024 年 3 月 12 日 11：00 前重庆市 2023-2024 学年（下）3 月月度质量检测高三英语高三英语【命题单位：注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；4.全卷共 9 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共
2、 5 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.What does the man do?A.A computer technician.B.A hotel receptionist.C.A shop assistant.2.Where does the conversation tak
3、e place?A.At the grocers.B.At the tailors.C.At the cleaners.3.How did the speakers come to Seattle?A.By plane.B.By car.C.By train.4.What will the speakers have for dinner today?A.Fried rice.B.Noodles.C.Steak.5.How is Sophie feeling now?A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.第二节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.
4、5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 7 两个小题。6.What does the man want to do before noon?A.Post a letter.B.Make a card.C.Write an email.7.Whose birthday is it?A.Richards.B.Sarahs.C.Veras.听下面一段
5、对话，回答第 8 至第 9 两个小题。8.What course does Professor Brooks teach?A.Public Speaking.B.European History.C.English Literature.9.Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks?A.To sign up for his course.B.To ask for a make-up test.C.To discuss her homework.听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 13 四个小题。10.What does Linda do
6、 for plays and shows?A.She gives actors advice.B.She assigns roles to actors.C.She designs actors clothes.11.What does Linda need to research?A.The setting of the story.B.The decoration of the stage.C.The names of the characters.12.Who does Linda report her work to?A.The director.B.The editor.C.The
7、photographer.13.What does Linda say about her job?A.It pays very well.B.It requires team effort.C.It involves frequent travel.听下面一段对话，回答第 14 至第 17 四个小题。14.What does Kevin think of abstract art?A.It has lasting artistic value.B.It makes little sense to him.C.It appeals mainly to children.15.What impr
8、ession did the first painting give the woman?A.Hopefulness.B.Nervousness.C.Coldness.16.What color was used for the background in the second painting?A.Green.B.Purple.C.Red.17.What will Kevin probably do this Saturday?A.Attend an art class.B.Visit an exhibition.C.Buy an abstract painting.听下面一段独白，回答第
9、18 至第 20 三个小题。18.What caused the closure of Pittwater Road?A.A fallen tree.B.A flooded river.C.A car accident.19.What happened at Town Hall Station?A.A police officer got hurt.B.A passenger went missing.C.The station roof was broken.20.What are road users advised to do?A.Drive at low speed.B.Postpon
10、e their trips.C.Follow traffic signs.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChildrens museums become an essential part of our play menu.Here are 4 famous muse-ums for families.KidsQuest Childrens Museum It features huge windows,beau
11、tifully designed exhibits and an adventurous,two-story rope ladders in the opening gallery.Kids of all ages will love building with real tools in the re-cycled room,running the cash register,doing physics experiments on water in the Water Lab and much more.Reservations are required.You can make them
12、 online.Imagine Childrens MuseumImagine Childrens Museums new 33,000-square-foot expansion doubles the museums previous play space and its shows.At over 60,000 square feet,its current area is much bigger than other local childrens museums(which average around 10,000-20,000 square feet).Visitors can
13、spend hours in the museum.Childrens Museum of TacomaAt 10,000 square feet in size,the Childrens Museum of Tacoma has a huge draw.Since it opened about a decade ago,it has offered pay-as-you-will admission and has no plans to change that anytime soon.This means that you can stop off for an hour,witho
14、ut worrying about whether youve gotten your moneys worth.Seattle Childrens MuseumThis kid-favorite spot is located on the lower level of the Seattle Center Armory building.Long-time museum lovers will notice a new exhibit,a post office where kids can weigh packages and slide behind the drivers seat
15、to make pretend deliveries.21What should visitors do before going to KidsQuest Childrens Museum?ABring childrens tools.BMake a reservation.CTake rope ladders.DLearn about physics experiments.22What may Childrens Museum of Tacoma interest parents most?AIt has a long history.BIts outdoor like a square
16、.CIt may save parents money.DIt doubles its previous play space.23Which of the following offers an exhibit about post offices?AKidsQuest Childrens Museum.BImagine Childrens Museum.CChildrens Museum of Tacoma.DSeattle Childrens Museum.BMost air conditioners and fridges rely on contracting and expandi
17、ng a liquid to either absorb or release large quantities of heat.While these systems are relatively cheap and simple to produce,they arent very efficient and require lots of energy.Besides,many of the coolants used are environmentally harmful.Now,Emmanuel Defay at the Luxembourg Institute of Science
18、 and Technology and his colleagues have developed a coolant-free refrigeration device made from the metals lead,scandium(钪)and tantalum(钼).It can reach maximum efficiencies of more than 60%,almost double that of typical single-room air conditioning units.The technology is based on a principle called
19、 electrocaloric cooling,in which an electric field applied across a material changes the direction of electric charges,causing a temporary increase in temperature and a succeeding decrease when the electric field is removed.To make their cooling system,Defay and his colleagues piled up eight strips
20、of the material known as lead scandium tantalate,which is electrocaloric,on top of one another and dipped them in a heat-carrying liquid,silicone oil.When an electric field is switched on and the strips heat up,the liquid moves to the right,and when it cools down,it moves to the left,creating perman
21、ent regions of hot and cold of about 20difference.These regions can be used as hot and cold reservoirs from which the oil can be circulated through pipes to cool or heat rooms or objects as desired.“Although the efficiency of the device is theoretically 67%,the efficiency of the current design is ar
22、ound 12%.This could be improved if a better conductor of heat than the lead scandium tantalate were found,”said Defay.“A highest performance has been achieved by combining known elements,”said NeilMathur at the University of Cambridge.However,he added,the team only looked at the cooling power of the
23、 pile of metal strips themselves,while it would be interesting to see how the entire device performs together.24What does the author think of the system of traditional air conditioners?AEfficient.BExpensive.CHighly energy-consuming.DEnvironmentally-friendly.25What is the third paragraph mainly about
24、?AThe aim of Defay and his colleagues.BThe material of the new cooling system.CThe proposal of Defay and his colleagues.DThe working principle of the new cooling system.26What matters in the current efficiency of the device researched by Defays team?AThe extensive experiments.BThe proper equipment.C
25、The ideal temperature.DThe appropriate materials.27Whats the author likely to talk about next?AThe performance of the new cooling system.BThe research teams next arrangement.CThe sales promotion of the new device.DNeil Mathurs comments on the device.CIt is a strange coincidence(巧合)that as humanity a
26、ttempts to greatly reduce its carbon emissions(排放),it is also rushing to develop a technology that could,in theory,consume an unlimited amount of energy.Doing things against facts is a dangerous game,but you can picture a world in which,having chosen to start dealing with climate change properly in
27、the 1990s,we would be just wrapping up the gentle path to net-zero emissions in time for a rapid AI increase fuelled by green power.Instead,we find ourselves at risk of running a 21st-century technology on a 20th-century energy supply.If you live in the US,every time you use an AI model,around 20 pe
28、r cent of the electricity required will be produced by burning coal.The explosive growth of AI makes this an even more pressing concern.According to one analysis,if Google chose to shift to an entirely AI-powered search business,its electricity consumption could match that of some countries.Such est
29、imates may be magnified,but evidence of rising power consumption from AI is all around.Microsoft is placing bets on nuclear plants to power its data centres,while the English government has promised to boost its national computing capacity by 50 per cent by 2025,which would help it keep pace with ra
30、pid AI developments in the world.Thankfully,we may soon reach a turning point.As is reported,this year the global power department came close to reaching peak greenhouse gas emissions,as the switch from fossil(化石)fuels to clean and renewable sources is well underway.The question now is whether we ca
31、n quicken the pace of decarbonisation(脱碳)to match the coming growth in energy consumption as AI becomes increasingly rooted in our society.Silicon Valleys intelligent machines may grab the headlines and the imagination,but the people really inventing the future are working in the energy department.2
32、8What can we learn from paragraph 2?ACarbon emissions have been reduced a lot.BThe reality is far from what we expected.CThe rapid AI increase brings many benefits.DClimate change poses a threat to green electricity supply.29Why is electricity consumption a major concern?AMore AI models mean burning
33、 more coal.BMany countries turn to nuclear plants for power.CThere is a lack of ban on tech-giants electricity consumption.DGoogles electricity consumption equals that of some countries.30What does the underlined word“magnified”in paragraph 4 mean?AOverstated.BUndervalued.CCommon.DReasonable.31What
34、would be our primary task before we reach a turning point?AShifting to a fully AI-powered search business.BAchieving net-zero emissions as soon as possible.CBalancing energy-hungry AI with decarbonisation.DCreating an unlimited energy-consuming technology.DA gene variant(变体)that causes the“alcohol f
35、lush(脸红)”reaction increases the risk of heart disease by causing inflammation of blood vessels(脉管),especially in drinkers.Around 8 percent of the worlds populations has a gene variant called ALDH2*2 that impairs the bodys ability to break down alcohol and causes unpleasant symptoms such as flushing
36、soon after people drink.Now,researchers have shown why this change also raises the risk of heart disease.“We are trying to understand why ALDH2*2 is associated with a higher risk of coronary arte(冠状动脉)disease at a cellular(细胞的)level,”says Hongchao Guo at Stanford University in California.The ALDH2*2
37、 gene encodes one version of the enzyme(酵素)alcohol dehydrogenase(脱氢酶),which breaks down the toxic acetaldehydes(乙醛)produced when alcohol is metabolized(代谢),and also mops up other harmful substances known as free radicals.The gene variant also impairs the growth of new blood vessels.“That means that
38、when there is a heart attack,when there is a need of blood vessel growth,carriers have less ability to generate new blood vessels,”says Guo.The team found that an existing diabetes(糖尿病)drug called empagliflozin may reduce these harmful effects in people with ALDH2*2 who drink a lot of alcohol.But fo
39、r Wu,the take-home message is clear.“If youre missing this enzyme,try not to drink,”he says.“If you drink consistently,you are at much higher risk of heart disease,hypertension,diabetes and cancer.”Given its many negative consequences,there has been debate about why this change spread and became com
40、mon,today being found in more than a third of people of cast Asian origin.“My only explanation is that if you are missing this enzyme,you tend to drink less and theres therefore less chance of you becoming alcoholic,”says Wu.32Which of the following may be caused by“alcohol flush”?AHeart disease and
41、 high blood pressure.BA gene variant called ALDH2*2.CInflammation of blood vessels.DDiabetes and cancer.33Which of the following statement may Wu support?AExiting diabetes drug can help people witALDH2*2.BPeople with ALDH2*2 shouldnt drink alcohol.CPeople with ALDH2*2 have less chance of becoming al
42、coholic.DDrinking alcohol can bring about diabetes and cancer.34What can we learn from the passage?ADiabetes drug can free people with ALDH2*2 of alcohol flush.BIf you are missing this enzyme,you will easily become alcoholic.CPeople with ALDH2*2 tend to suffer from cancer.DMore than a third of peopl
43、e of cast Asian origin may be affected by ALDH2*2.35Whats the purpose of the text?ATo explain the impact of genetic variant causing the“alcohol flush”.BTo introduce ways to stop drinking alcohol.CTo introduce dangers of drinking alcohol.DTo persuade people to get rid of drinking alcohol.第二节（共 5 小题：每
44、小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some of the oldest living things on our remarkable planet are trees.The record holders are bristlecone pines(狐尾松)of the western United States,quite a few of which are known to be more than 3,000 years old.One individual,discovered in 2012,
45、is estimated to be more than 5,060 years old,making it the oldest known non-clonal tree in the world!36 :individuals across a number of other tree species have also been around for thousands of years.So,how do trees survive for thousands of years?37 .Undoubtedly,part of the answer lies in luck.Ancie
46、nt trees have obviously not submitted to deadly diseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,or the human axe in the centuries and centuries that they have quietly endured.The other part of the answer has to do with how trees age.In fact,there is quite a debate about whether ancient trees can
47、 be considered“immortal(永生的)”.That is,will such trees ever die if they are not killed by an outside force?We may never know the answer to that,but,at the very least,38 .While cell death is an important factor in the aging of humans and other animals,one study found little evidence of cell death in t
48、he ginkgo tree vascular cambium(银杏树维管形成层).In addition,a study of bristlecone pine pollen(花粉)found no significant increase in mutation(变异)rates with age,which is another factor associated with animal aging.39 .Older trees benefit greatly from having bodies made mostly of dead woody tissue.In fact,an
49、old tree might be as much as 95 percent dead tissue!Given that it isnt alive,wood does not require metabolic(新陈代谢的)activity to maintain it,40 .Aso an old tree doesnt really need to do much to keep livingBThis is a question that has something to do with the good luck of treesCHowever,bristlecones are
50、 certainly not alone in terms of the oldest creaturesDThis is a fascinating question for biologists that does not yet have a settled answerEWhats more,some ancient trees have superior chemical defenses against pests and diseasesFwhich means that trees can survive everywhere without being limited by