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1、Unit 4 Space ExplorationPeriod 2 Reading and Thinking练习I.根据汉语意思拼写单词。1.To many people, technology means computers, handheld devices, or _ (交通工具) that travel to distant planets. 2An apple falls down because of _ (重力)3Each human being has to die, but _ (人类) goes on world without end.4The astronauts tra
2、ined for years in how to use their _ (宇宙飞船)5Where have all those boats gone in the _ (码头)?6The Earth is only one of the numerous planets in the u_.7They put a weather satellite into the o_ around the earth.8You can book at your local travel a_.9Before the traffic s_ turns to green light, please dont
3、 cross the street.10The ceremony was t_ live by satellite to over fifty countries.单句语法填空1Nepal has _ (frontier) with both India and China. 2The _ (datum) were collected from 69 countries.3The six astronauts _ board will spend ten days in space.4After a short break, the match carried _.5My leg got in
4、jured. I couldnt walk _ (independent). .单句写作1他们决意回到祖先的土地上。They were _ go back to the land of their ancestors. 2俗话说你必须三思而后行。You have to look _， as the saying goes. 3对你的拒绝我感到非常失望。I was _ your refusal.4我非常渴望能够帮助和照顾他人。I had a strong _ and care for people.5我们来这个小镇，是希望过一种简单的生活。We came to this small town _
5、 living a simple life. III.阅读理解。（每个2.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFind Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (航空) Center If youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with handso
6、n tasks and lots of fun. More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with realworld appl
7、ications for what theyre studying in the classroom. For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space w
8、ith the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness
9、Survival badge as they learn about land and water survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families
10、 can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a weekthere is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at www. .1Why do people come to SAC?ATo experience adventures.BTo look for jobs in avia
11、tion.CTo get a degree in engineering.DTo learn more about medicine.2To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to _.Afly to spaceBget an Aviation badge firstCstudy the principles of flightDbuild and fire model rockets3What is the most important for trainees?ALeadership. BTeam spirit.CTask pl
12、anning. DSurvival skills.BMaking beer on the moon might seem like a pipe dream to many, but for a group of students from the University of California at San Diego, there is a chance to take their research beyond Earths surface. The Lab2Moon competition, held by TeamIndus, is offering students the ch
13、ance to secure a spot on the TeamIndus rocket this year.Taking craft beer to the next level, the students want to test whether its possible for yeast (酵母) to work and create beer on the moon. However, they believe the experiment is not just a creative concept for astronauts, its also important for t
14、he development of drugs and yeastcontaining foods, like bread. “The idea started out with a few laughs among a group of friends，” said Neeki Ashari, a fifthyear bioengineering student at UC San Diego. “We all appreciate the craft of beer. When we heard that there was an opportunity to design an expe
15、riment that would appear on Indias moonlander, we thought we could combine our hobby with the competition by focusing on the practicality (可行性) of yeast in outer space.”The preparation work for the beerup to the stage of adding yeastwill all be done on Earth, and rather than separating the fermentat
16、ion (发酵) and carbonation stages of making beer, the team plans to combine them.This removes the need to release CO2 accumulated in the process, which may result in cleanliness and safety issues out in space.If selected, Team Original Gravity will be the first to make beer in outer space, and the fer
17、mentation will take place in a vessel no bigger than a soda can.All teams competing for the place will showcase their ideas in Bangalore, India.Sadly, you wont be enjoying moon beer in your local craft beer bar anytime soon, as no samples will be brought back. However, this small experiment could pr
18、ovide important data on just how practical it is for us to make and create our own resources on other planets and moons by learning how consumables behave in different environments.4How did the students feel when they got the chance to design the experiment?AExcited. BNervous.CConfident. DCasual.5Wh
19、at does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 6 refer to?AThe mixing of two stages.BAdding yeast on Earth.CThe preparation work on Earth.DFermentation and carbonation.6What can we learn about the experiment from the passage?AIt has been designed based on similar experiments.BIts quite competitive
20、compared with other designs.CIts design has already been approved by TeamIndus.DIts process was adapted to make it safer and greener.7What does the author think of the students idea?AIt seems like a pipe dream.BIts extremely complicated.CIts meaningful and hopeful.DIts creative but impractical.CTry
21、this: For an entire day, forget about the clock. Eat when youre hungry and sleep when youre tired. What do you think will happen?You may be surprised to find that your day is much like most other days. Youll probably get hungry when you normally eat and tired when you normally sleep. Even though you
22、 dont know what time it is, your body does. These patterns of daily life are called circadian rhythms (生理节奏), and they are more than just habits. Inside our bodies are several clocklike systems that follow a roughly 24hour cycle. Throughout the day and night, our inner clocks directly changes in tem
23、perature, body chemicals, hunger, sleepiness and more.Everyones rhythms are different, which is why you might like to stay up late while your sister always wants to go to bed early. But on the whole, everyone is programmed to feel tired at night and energetic during the day. Learning about our body
24、clocks may help scientists understand why problems arise when we act out of step with our circadian rhythms. For example, traveling across time zones can make people wake up in the middle of the night. Regularly staying up late can make kids do worse in tests.“There is a growing sense that when we e
25、at and when we sleep are important parts of how healthy we are，” says Steven Shea, director of the Sleep Disorders Program at Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.One way to learn about how our body clocks tick is to mess them up and see what happens. Thats what neurologist (神经病学家) Frank Scheer and
26、 his workmates did in a recent study. Staying up night after night, their studies suggest, could make kids extra hungry and more likely to gain weight. And regularly sleeping too little, Scheer says, may be one cause of the recent increase in childhood obesity.8What will happen if you forget about t
27、he clock according to the passage?AYou will feel upset.BYou will behave normally.CYour body will not know what time it is.DYou will probably get hungry more easily.9Mike feels energetic at 12 midnight while Tom feels sleepy. What advice would be given by the writer?ABoth should see a doctor.BTom sho
28、uld see a doctor.CBoth should take it easy.DMike should have a watch.10How do Frank Scheer and his workmates study body clocks?ABy seeing what happens when they are messed up.BBy asking questions and collecting answers.CBy studying people traveling across time zones.DBy programming people with manma
29、de clocks.11What will the writer most probably talk about next?AOther examples of what people will do when their body clocks go wrong.BSome effective medicines that can keep people from putting on weight.CThe importance of eating healthy food.DWhat circadian rhythms are and how they work.DMany years
30、 ago, people relied on the sun, the moon and stars to find their way around. Later, the compass was introduced. And now, we have satnav (卫星导航) systems to guide us. A satnav system uses groups of satellites to show the users location. They send information to a receiver, such as a smartphone, to show
31、 us where we are.The earliest built satnav system is the Global Positioning Satellite System, which belongs to the US. Then there is Russias Global Navigation Satellite system, the European Unions Galileo and Chinas own satellite navigation system, Beidou.On October 18, 2017, an ARJ21700 plane, whic
32、h was the first domestically (国内地) produced jet equipped with the Beidou navigation system, successfully completed a test flight. The results showed the performance of the system developed by China matches that of similar systems produced abroad, according to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of C
33、hina.Since its introduction in 2000, the Beidou navigation system has been increasing numbers of applications linked to everyday life, from shared bikes to farming.When it comes to shared bikes, smart locks that support Beidou chips offer more accurate positioning than others, making it easier to fi
34、nd a bike.Farmers can use Beidouenabled tractors to plow (犁) the soil and use unmanned aircraft with Beidou to sow seeds, which can improve efficiency and make better use of resources. Beidous farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang Province to Beijing, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hubei and other r
35、egions across China.With its many uses, the Beidou navigation system is even playing a big role in the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路). “To date, the Beidou system has covered most parts of the AsiaPacific region, as well as countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime S
36、ilk Road，” said Yang Changfeng, chief designer of the Beidou system.Today, there are more than 20 Beidou satellites above our heads, and China plans to launch even more this year to expand the Beidou network to better serve the Belt and Road Initiative.“As Beidou expands its overseas reach, it will
37、be increasingly popular in the logistics (物流) industry，” said Miao Qianjun, Secretary General of the navigation services association. “Ships, for example, can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries, no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near fut
38、ure.”12What is the purpose of the first two paragraphs?ATo compare some modern satnav systems.BTo describe the benefits of satnav systems.CTo tell us how satnav systems were created.DTo introduce some satnav systems and their functions.13What can we know about the Beidou navigation system according
39、to the article?AIt was used successfully in a new jet plane.BIt is more powerful than other satnav systems.CIt was introduced to China on October, 2017.DIt wasnt used in our everyday life until recently.14According to the article, the Beidou navigation system is already widely used for _.Aplowing th
40、e soil and sowing seedsBimproving the efficiency of networkCproducing more smart locks for shared bikesDnavigating ships across oceans to European countries15What is Miao Qianjuns attitude toward the future of the Beidou system?AWorried. BCasual.CPositive. DDoubtful.V 七选五第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下
41、面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.Taking seeds an
42、d plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. _16_ Because of this, its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provi
43、de more fresh things. _17_ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe._18_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the
44、plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots dont “know” to grow down, leaves dont “know” to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves. _19_ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (凝胶) are
45、used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. _20_ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of
46、fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at about 7.7 billion people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. AEvery plant grown in s
47、pace must have several uses.BHowever, there are challenges with growing plants in space.CSuch methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruit and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks.