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1、八年级英语下册Unit 3知识点【Useful expressions】1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚3.go to the movies 去看电影4.get a ride 搭车5.work on 从事于，忙于6.finish doing sth.完成做某事7.clean and tidy 干净整洁的8.do the dishes 洗餐具9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾10.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服11.sweep the floor 扫地12.make your/the bed 整理
2、床铺13.clean the living room 打扫客厅14.no problem 没问题15.welcome sb.欢迎某人e home from school/work 放学/下班回家17.throw down 扔下18.sit down 坐下e over 过来20.take the dog for a walk 遛狗21.all the time 一直;总是22.all day/night 整日/夜23.do housework 做家务24.shout back 大声回应25.walk away 走开26.share the housework 分担家务27.a comfortab
3、le home 一个舒适的家28.in surprise 惊讶地29.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西30.hang out 闲逛31.pass sb.sth.把某物传给某人32.lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人33.get sth.wet 使某物 弄湿34.hate to do sth.讨厌做某事35.do chores 做杂务36.help sb.(to ) d o /with sth.帮助某人干某事37.buy some snacks 买些小吃38.go to the store 去商店39.invite sb.to a party邀请某人参加聚会40.m
4、ake sb.do sth.使某人做某事41.a waste of time 浪费时间42.in order to 为了43.get good grades44.mind doing sth.介意做某事45.depend on 取决于，依赖于46.develop childrensindependence 发展孩子的独立性47.look after/take care of 照顾;照看48.do ones part in doing sth.参与做某事49.at least 至少50.as soon as 一 .就.51.spend time/money on sth.在.上花时间/金钱52.
5、there is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没必要做某事53.Its ones job/duty to do sth.坐某事是某人的职责54.have no idea 不知道55.as a result 结果56.fall ill 生病【Target sentences】1.Could you please clean your room?2.I have to do some work.3.Could l use your computer?4.She wont be happy if she sees this mess.5.For one week, she
6、did not do any housework and neither did l.6.My mom came over as soon as l sat down in front of the TV7.l hate to do chores.8.Could you please take the dog for a walk?9. Could I invite my friends to a party? Of course.10.Could you please .? Yes, Sure./Sorry, I cant .11.Could I go out for dinner with
7、 my friends?Sure, that should be OK.12.Could we get something to drink after the movie?No, you cant.You have a basketball game tomorrow.13.Could you please take the dog for a walk?OK, but I want to watch one show first.14.【Language points】1.Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? take out 带出去；
8、取出take out为“动词+副词”型短语。其接代词作宾语时，代词应放在take和out之间；接名词作宾语时，名词放在take和out之间或out之后均可。The dog is noisy.Can you take it out?I usually take my phone out/take out my phone when I sit down.【拓展延伸】 take.out of.意为“把从中取出”。I took the money out of my wallet to pay for the breakfast.2.Could I at least finish watching
9、this show? finish doing sth. 完成做某事。I finished writing the English composition.【巧学妙记】 常接v-ing作宾语的词（短语）喜欢（enjoy）错过（miss）别介意（mind）,完成（finish）愉快（have fun）勤练习（practice）,忙得（be busy）禁不住（cant help）想放弃（give up）。例句：I enjoy reading books.Do you mind opening the windows?Does he practice playing the piano every
10、day?3.And she wont be happy if she sees this mess.mess n.杂乱；不整洁；mess作名词，常用短语。make a mess 搞得一团糟（表示动作）be in a mess 杂乱不堪；陷入困境（表示状态）Dont make a mess on the balcony, Betty.Sorry, I wont.All the rooms are in a mess.【拓展延伸】 （1）mess还可作动词，意为“使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱” 。Ive put the books away.Please dont mess them up again.（
11、2）messy adj.混乱的，凌乱的，不整洁的What a messy room!4.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.as soon as 一就as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，相当于the minute(that)。在含有as soon as 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，如果主句用一般将来时（或主句含情态动词，或主句为祈使句），从句应用一般现在时。The football fans cheered as soon as they heard the exciting news.You can go
12、 as soon as he comes.5.I threw down my bag and went to the living room.throw v.扔；掷;throw作动词，其过去式和过去分词分别为threw和thrown。常用短语有：6.Im just as tired as you are! as.as. 像一样as.as.表示两者在某方面程度相同，as.as.中间用形容词或副词的原级。其否定形式为not as/so.as.，意为“不如”。Does the dish taste as good as it looks?He doesnt study as/so hard as h
13、is brother.【拓展延伸】 as.as.中的第一个as后一般接形容词或副词的原级，但有时也与名词连用, 比如：as much+不可数名词+asas many+可数名词复数+asThere arent as many people at the meeting as we have expected.7.For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.neither + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语neither did I是“neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示前面描述的否定情况也适用
14、于后面。neither在此作副词，意为“也不”。该结构中的neither也可用nor代替。I dont like this dress. Neither/ Nor do I.Tom cant play the piano at all. Me neither./Neither can I.【拓展延伸】so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,表示前面描述的肯定情况也适用于后面。so在此作副词，意为“也I usually clean my room on weekends.So do I.Linda went to Shanghai for a trip last year.So did I2.
15、neither的其他用法：（1）作代词，意为“两者都不”。neither of 结构作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。Neither of them has/have a car.（2）用于“neither.nor .”结构，意为“既不也不”，连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致。Neither I nor he knows Linda.（3）作限定词，意为“两者都不”，常置于单数可数名词前，其对应词为both。“neither+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Neither sentence is correct.8.“What happened?”
16、She asked in surprise.in surprise 惊讶地；吃惊地in surprise常用于动词之后作方式状语，相当于with surprise。其中surprise作名词，意为“惊奇”，含surprise的常用短语还有：to ones surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。Simpson looked at them in/with surprise.To my surprise, the man who helped me clean the yard is our headmaster.9.Could I hang out with my friends after th
17、e movie?hang out 闲逛;为固定短语，此时hang的过去式和过去分词均为hung。She is hanging out with her friends in the shopping mall.【拓展延伸】 含hang的其他常见短语：hang up 挂断电话10.Could you please pass me the salt? pass v.给；递；走过；通过pass在此处为及物动词，意为“给；递”。pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.，意为“把某物递给某人”。如果sth.为代词，只能用pass sth.to sb.结构He passed me the
18、 magazine.= He passed the magazine to me.This ball is Owens.Please pass it to him.【拓展延伸】 pass作动词的其他常见含义：11.Could I borrow that book? Could you lend me some money?borrow v.借；借用 lend v.借给；借出【易混辨析】 borrow与lend【拓展延伸】keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth.for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不
19、能与表示一段时间的状语连用。Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me.He told me that I could keep it for a week.【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow，想要保存用keep。12.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.while conj.与同时；当的时候；而；然而（1）while在此处作连词，引导时间状语从句，强调在从句动作发生的同时，主句动作也在进行。While I was doin
20、g my homework, my father was reading a book.（2）while作连词，还可表示“而；然而”，强调两者之间的对比。This shirt fits better while that one has a nicer style.13.invite my friends to a party.invite v.邀请invite作动词，意为“邀请”。常见用法有：invite sb.to+地点名词 邀请某人到某地eg: He invited me to his party yesterday.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事eg: Chin
21、ese people often invite their friends to have dinner together.【拓展延伸】invitation作名词，意为 “邀请；请柬”。accept an invitation 接受邀请refuse/turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请14.I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事make sb.do sth.为固定结构，其中sb.后接不带
22、to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。其否定形式为make sb.not do sth., 意为“使某人不要做某事”。有此用法的词还有let， have。Kids like reading stories which can make them laugh.15.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good univresity. (1)spend time/money on sth. 在某事/物上花费时间/金钱【易混辨析】spend, cost, take与pay均
23、有“花费”的意思，区别如下： (2)in order to 目的是；为了表示目的，后接动词原形，其否定形式为in order not to。In order to finish the report, he stayed up very late.Jenny will get up earlier than usual in order to catch the first bus.【拓展延伸】in order that也表示“为了”，其后接从句。有时可与in order to 进行转换。I worked hard in order that I could get good grades.=
24、 I worked hard in order to get good grades.16.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.(1)since conj.因为；既然 prep., conj.& adv.从以后；自以来;since在此处作连词，意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，常位于句首。Since you dont know the boy, Ill ask some
25、one else.(2) since作连词，还可意为“从以后；自以来”，其引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，主句多用现在完成时。Mary has lived here since she was five.(3)do ones part in (doing)sth.尽自己的职责做某事Everyone should do their part in protecting the environment.17.Our neighbors son got into a good college but during his first year, he had no idea how to take
26、 care of himself.(1)have no idea 不知道（2）take care of 照顾；处理；相当于look after或care for。Can you help me take care of/look after/care for my little brother?【拓展延伸】take care 意为“小心；当心”，相当于be careful或look out。Take care that you dont drink too much!18.As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.（1）as a
27、 result 结果（2）fall ill 生病19.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.The earlier.,the better :the+比较级，the+比较级 表示“越越”The harder you study,the better grades you will get.The more you eat,the fatter you will be.【Grammar Focus】情态动词could的用法1.语法概述:情态动词could可用于有礼貌地向对方提出要求或
28、请求，也可用于提出建议。它本身不能作谓语，必须和不带to的动词原形一起构成谓语。2.用于提出要求或请求“Could you please.?” 意为 “能请你吗？”，用于提出要求或请求。否定形式为Could you please not.?Could you please lend me your bike?Sure/Of course/Certainly, I can.Could you please go hiking with me tomorrow?Sorry, I cant.I have to prepare for a competition.3.用于请求许可“Could I.?”
29、意为“我能吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。肯定回答:Yes, you can./ Of course you can./Yes, please.否定回答:Sorry, you cant./Im afraid you cant./No, you mustnt.Could I have a look at your new watch?Of course you can.Here you are.Mum, could I go out for a while? Im afraid you cant.You have to wash your clothes first.特别提醒：(1)表示请求
30、允许（即请求别人允许自己做某事），could和can都可以用，但could语气更委婉。Could/Can I come in?(2)对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.Could I use your pen? Of course you can.4.用于能力could 表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力用can。此时could是can的过去式。Could you speak English then?Looking down from the plane, we could see the light on the runway.【拓展延伸】 could的其他用法(1)表示
31、推测后接动词原形，表示对现在或将来的推测。You could be right, but I dont think you are.(对现在的推测)We could go there this summer.(对将来的推测)后接动词的完成式，表示对过去的推测。Where could he have gone?She couldnt have left so soon.(2)表示建议“You could.” 表示提建议，意为“你可以” 。You could go to the station by subway.You could do housework for your mother.【To
32、pic writing】Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning! Im Wang Ming.Its my honor to give you a speech.My topic is We should help parents do housework.Now many students are so lazy that they dont want to do any housework.But I think we should help parents do some housework because they are busy with their wo
33、rk and often tired after work.I often help my parents do many chores.In the morning.I will make the bed and water flowers.They are relaxing and interesting.In the evening, I often clean the room and take out the trash.When I see the tidy room, I feel proud of myself.My parents are pleased with me.I think its our duty to help our parents with some chores.Thats all.Thanks for your listening!8