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1、高考英语复习主题之-英语词汇记忆法Guessingnewwordsambulancen.n.救护车救护车ponderousadj.adj.胖的要死胖的要死indoorsmann.n.宅男宅男gelivableadj.adj.给力的给力的seckillv.n.v.n.秒杀秒杀transplantv.v.嫁接、移植嫁接、移植broadenv.v.拓宽拓宽1.time-travel TV drama2.group purchasing3.daddy-is-the-key 猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之合成法合成法 拼爹拼爹穿越剧穿越剧 团购团购 把两个或两个以上的把两个或两个以
2、上的词合成一个新词合成一个新词词,这种构词的方法这种构词的方法叫做合成法叫做合成法 1.直接写在一起。直接写在一起。2.用连字符用连字符(-)连接。连接。4.disclose ones secret5.Microblog6.Its all floating cloud.7.envious,jealous and hateful.猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之派生法派生法神马都是浮云神马都是浮云 微博微博吐槽吐槽 前缀前缀:一般只改一般只改变词义变词义,不改变不改变词类词类后缀后缀:一般只改一般只改变词类变词类,不引起不引起词义变化词义变化 羡慕嫉妒恨羡慕嫉妒恨转化法(Co
3、nversion)tasten.味道v.尝起来Ithasagoodtaste.Ittastesverygood.record n.记录记录v.记录记录Hebroketherecord.Herecordssomethingwhilereadingabook.猜猜看猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之最时髦的网络流行语之缩略、简写缩略、简写11.PRC12.NBA13.EQ、IQPeoplesRepublicofChina中华人民共和国NationalBasketballAssociation北美篮球联盟EmotionalQuotient情商IntelligenceQuotient智商Word-format
4、ion合成法合成法派生法派生法转化法转化法缩写和简写缩写和简写合成(compounding)合成法合成法:合成名词合成名词合成形容词合成形容词构词方式例词blood-test验血,验血,she-wolf母狼母狼mass-批量生产批量生产handwriting,shorthand速记速记freezing-point,reading roomwashroom,breakthrough突破,突破,outbreak 名词/代词+名词名词+动名词形容词+名词动名词+名词动词+名词动词+副词副词+动词production爆发2.合成形容词构成方式例词noble-minded,three-leggedgoo
5、d-looking,fine-sounding动听的动听的high-class高级的,高级的,large-scale大规模的大规模的duty-free免税的,免税的,airsick晕机的晕机的形容词/数词+名词+ed形容词+现在分词形容词+名词名词+形容词peace-loving,English-speakingman-made,snow-coveredhard-working,far-reaching深远的深远的well-known,widespread广泛流传的广泛流传的four-day四天的四天的,five-year名词+现在分词名词+过去分词副词+现在分词副词+过去分词数词+名词201
6、7.全国卷3:Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetween.根据合成词中的high(高的)和light(灯光)推测,highlight的意思是(强光)。转化为一个动词,与differences搭配,意思为(vt.突出;强调)2016.全国卷2:Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnightsleftoversinthemorningifyouwantto.根据合成词中的left(剩下的)和over(过量)推测,leftovers的意思是(n.遗留;剩余物;吃剩的食物)高考经典回顾派生法派生
7、法 派派生生法法前缀前缀后缀后缀否定前缀否定前缀其他前缀其他前缀名词后缀名词后缀形容词后缀形容词后缀副词后缀副词后缀动词后缀动词后缀高考经典回顾2018全国卷1-To avoid knee pain,you can run out of soft surface,do exercise to 68_(strength)your leg muscles.Running is cheap,easy and it is always 69_(energy).2017全国卷2-This development was only possible with the 69_(introduce)of el
8、ectic-powered engines and lifts.常见的四种否定前缀:常见的四种否定前缀:Un-,in/im/il/ir-,dis-,mis-前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词un-不不,未未(=not)加在加在形容词形容词或或副词副词前前unnecessary,unexpected,unusual相反相反动作动作加在加在动词动词前前Uncover,unlock,undressin-,il-,im-,ir-不不,非非,无无加在加在形容词形容词或其派生的或其派生的名词名词或或副词副词前前incomplete,impossible.impolite,irregular,ille
9、gal,illogical前缀前缀常见的四种否定前缀:常见的四种否定前缀:Un-,in/im/il/ir-,dis-,mis-前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词dis-表示表示否定否定 加在加在名词名词或或形容词、动形容词、动词词前前dishonour,diseasedislike,disbelievemis-表示表示错误错误 加在加在名词名词、动词动词或及其或及其派生词派生词前前mistake,mislead,misunderstanding,mishandle前缀前缀其他前缀:其他前缀:前前 缀缀意意 义义用用 法法例例 词词re-表示:表示:再一再一次,重新次,重新用于用于动词动词
10、及派生名及派生名词词名词名词、形容词形容词及及其它名词前其它名词前(=again)renew,reborn,rebuild,reappear,retellfore-表示:时间表示:时间或位置的或位置的“在前面在前面”加在加在动词动词或或名词名词前前(=before)foresee,foreleg,forehead,forewordpre-表示:表示:在前、在前、事先、预先事先、预先加在加在名词名词或或形容词形容词前前(=before,in front,in advance)prepay,prewar,preschool,prehistory前缀前缀其他前缀:其他前缀:前前 缀缀意意 义义用用
11、法法例例 词词post-表示:时表示:时间和顺序间和顺序的的“在后在后边边”加在加在名词名词或或形容形容词词前前(=after,behind)post-war,postmodernpostgraduateinter-表示表示:“:“互相互相”“在在间间”加在加在名词、形容名词、形容词词前构成动词前构成动词(=between,among)interchange,international,interactinterdependentsuper-表示:表示:高高级、在之级、在之上,上,“超超”加在名词前加在名词前(=above,over,upon)supermarket,supernatural前
12、缀前缀其他前缀:其他前缀:前前 缀缀意意 义义例例 词词ex-“前任前任”ex-president;ex-wife“向外向外”=out=outexclude;express;exit;exportmini-“短的短的”“”“小的小的”Minibus;miniskirt;minicomputeranti-“防,防止;抗防,防止;抗”antibody;antifreeze;Anti-Japanese前缀前缀后缀(Suffixes)后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种:1)名词后缀;)名词后缀;2)形容词后缀;)形容词后缀;3)动词后缀;)动词后缀;4)副词后缀)副词后缀1)名词后缀)名词后
13、缀名词后缀有许多种,下面略举数种为例:表人,物,抽象名词等-erworker(工人)-istartist(艺术家)-ortractor(拖拉机)-hoodchildhood(童年)-shipfriendship(友谊)2)形容词后缀)形容词后缀表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态,表意义“是的”,“似的”-ousfamous(著名的)-fulpowerful(强有力的)-yhilly(多山的)-proofwater-proof(防水的)2)形容词后缀)形容词后缀-ed(动词后加动词后加ed表具有表具有):excited,amazed-ful(名词后加名词后加ful表充满表充满):hopeful
14、,thankful-less(名词后面加名词后面加less,表没有表没有的的):careless,useless-like(表表“像像”):childlike-ly(表特色、表特色、“每每”):motherly,daily-y(表具有表具有特征特征):sandy-able,-ive(动词转形容词动词转形容词):changeable,attractive3)动词后缀表示“使成为”,“致使”,“做”,“化”,“变成”等,如:-fyglorify(使光荣)-izemodernize(现代化)-enlengthen(延长)-atediscriminate(区分)高考经典回顾2018全国卷1-To av
15、oid knee pain,you can run out of soft surface,do exercise to 68_(strength)your leg muscles.Running is cheap,easy and it is always 69_(energy).2017全国卷2-This development was only possible with the 69_(introduce)of electic-powered engines and lifts.4)副词后缀表示方式、方向、性质、状态等,如:-wiseclockwise(顺时针方向的)-wayscros
16、sways(交叉地)-wardssouthwards(向南)-lyhappily(幸福地)附:技巧例二:ShopkeepersinModburypopulation1,500,agreedtostophandingoutdisposableplasticbagstocustomersonSaturday.Theysaidpapersacksandclothcarrierbagswouldbeofferedinstead.Theunderlinedworddisposableinthepassageprobablymeans_.A.acceptableB.valuableB.C.throw-aw
17、ayD.long-lasting答案C。Disposable=dis+pos+able,其中pos=place;put,dis=apart,able表示可能的,这就有了可任意处置、用完即丢的含义。常见的转化形式:常见的转化形式:转化法转化法考点梳理考点梳理名词名词动词动词button纽扣纽扣button扣上纽扣扣上纽扣形容词形容词动词动词 correct正确的正确的correct改正改正动词动词名词名词feed喂养喂养feed一餐,一顿一餐,一顿形容词形容词名词名词 native本地的本地的native本地人本地人副词副词动词动词up在上面在上面up提高提高1You are not alone
18、,and we are all _(back)you.2He finished his task,walked out of the office and _(head)for the coffee house.3The little boy succeeded in _(clear)the table.4The green hand was _(fine)many times for his breaking traffic laws.5When youre swinging,you should hold the rope _(firm)Fill in the blanks.firmly举
19、一反三举一反三backingheadedclearingfined二、请使用二、请使用able的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1.Computers _ people to get more information more quickly.2.He is _ to discriminate colors.He is color-blind.3.Her lack of experience is a severe_.enable unabledisability4.An accident _ him from playing football.5.Deaf people and dumb pe
20、ople are _.disableddisabled三、请使用三、请使用like的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。1.I have taken a strong _ of him.2.She is not _ to come next month.3.Great minds think_.4.How do you _ this book?5.It was very _ that he would do that.dislike/like likelyalikelikeunlikely/likely6.I _ being disturbed.7.Everyone has his _ and_.8._ the rest of her family,she is outgoing and easy to get along with.dislikedislikeslikesUnlike/LikeThatsall.Thankyou!