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1、作文导学案读后续写（2）复习：构思续写的步骤一. 解读前文内容: 1.read for six elements(5W1H); 2. read for plots; 3. read for details.4.make predictions. 二. 快速构思微型故事：1. 明确故事的主题（基于原文的主题）；2. 把故事说“小”；3. 故事不违背生活逻辑、情感逻辑、思维习惯；4.分析归纳所给关键词，并依据所给出的首句写“五所”（所说，所听，所想，所感，所做）；5. 善于营造悬念。三. 进行多维度衔接 （1.与原文的逻辑衔接；2.与所给段首句的衔接；3.第一段与第二段的衔接；4.续写内容间的衔接
2、。） 四设计精彩结尾（哲理式结尾、以景结情、自然结尾）(接下来我们重点学习如何解读前文内容。)探究三：如何解读前文内容（本导学案以记叙文为例。）记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。它的特点是通过生动形象的事件来反映生活并表达作者的思想情感。记叙文常见的表达方式有叙述、描写、抒情、议论和说明。其中，叙述和描写是记叙文最常见的表达方式。记叙文的解读一般遵循以下四个视角：要素、情节、细节、关键句。【范例】案例：阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的 故事。Maria Was practicing with her soccer
3、mates in a tiny school yard. They were all from River Edge Rockers, a soccer team of their community. Suddenly, the ball flew into a deep hole at the edge of the yard. It was the third time that they had lost their ball this month. Without the ball Maria had to wave goodbye to her mates and went hom
4、e, depressed. If only there were a regulation soccer field! she thought.That evening, seeing her low spirits, her father asked, What was the matter, dear? I was just thinking about playing in a brand new soccer field! Maria answered.Her father smiled and said, Tomorrow, a Town Council meeting is to
5、be held to discuss about the use of that vacant (空着的) lot next to the pet store, Home for Pets. Why not take this opportunity to convince them we need a better field?The next day, with the company of her father, Maria and her teammates went to the meeting hall. On their arrival they saw Councilwoman
6、 Jill and some citizens already there. They took their seats. After Jill announced the start of the discussion, Maria stood up and spoke first. Up till now there is no soccer field in our community, which certainly affects our physical health. Our team currently have to practice in a tiny school yar
7、d, and only when its not already booked.Mrs. Lorries, owner of the pet store, commented, I couldnt agree more. Kids do need such a field. The Rockers applauded excitedly and the other citizens all agreed it would be a way out. A soccer field would be a good use for that lot with overgrown weeds and
8、some large rocks, but to build such one would need a small sum of money and maybe you even need to do all the work on your own. Councilwoman Jill smiled, Can you manage it? Thinking for a while, Maria nodded with a determined look on her face, The Rockers can do it! We will turn it into a soccer fie
9、ld. The teammates all cheered.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:The following day, the team got together to share ideas for raising money.Paragraph 2:A week later, the team gathered at the lot, carrying tools purchased with the
10、ir earnings.Step I: 读要素read for elements(5W&1H).记叙文有六要素，即5W和1H“who, what, where, when, why, how”。因此，我们往往可以有以下设问：“Who is it about?”“What happens?”“Where does it happen?”“When does it happen?”“Why does it happen?”“How does it happen?”有时候一个文本并不具备所有的要素，可能只会涉及其中的三到四个， 我们可以根据具体文本寻读具体要素。只要把这几个基本要素弄清楚了，文章的主
11、要内容也就清晰地展现在我们面前了。When Where Who What How Why What is the story about?(用三四句话概况一下故事主要内容。)_Step II: 读情节read for plots情节旨在表现人物之间相互关系以及事件的发展过程，如联系、矛盾、同情、反感等的主要脉络。一般包括开端、发展、高潮、结局等部分。接下来学习如何概况故事情节。根据事件发展主线Characters（background） BeginningdevelopmentClimaxEnding?(your opinion)Step IV：预设情节make predictions 划线词
12、CharacterAdjVerbMood段首句The following day, the team got together to share ideas for raising money.（续写部分可详细描写_。)A week later, the team gathered at the lot, carrying tools purchased with their earnings.（续写部分可写_。)探究四：构思及续写Paragraph 1:The following day, the team got together to share ideas for raising mo
13、ney._Paragraph 2:A week later, the team gathered at the lot, carrying tools purchased with their earnings._One possible version:Paragraph 1:The following day, the team got together to share ideas for raising money. Performances,car wash and even jewelry sale were suggested but none seemed practical.
14、 Suddenly an idea popped out Marias mind, cring thrilledly, Maybe we can convince Mrs. Lorries to offer us some jobs in the pet shop. All her teammates agreed it was a great idea as it would not only raise enough money but could afford them good time with cute dogs. Things turned out as they had exp
15、ected. The following days witnessed their efforts feeding, washing and walking dogs and they were handsomely rewarded. Looking at the abundant bonus, Maria felt as if it had been exclaiming and saying, I am ready to embrace the new field.Paragraph 2:A week later, the team gathered at the lot, carryi
16、ng tools purchased with their earnings. Seeing the field covered with dirt, rubble, and weeds, Maria kicked into action with her teammates, pluncking out the weeds, scooping up debris and depositing it in a rented truck. Maria picked up the rake and began to sweep the leaves over the lot, watching t
17、hem whump to the ground. Holding a small spade, one of her mates began to flatten the rough surface. Then they removed the large rocks by wheelbarrow and filled the holes left by the rocks with enough soil. Having laid down layer of turf with painted lines as well as the nets prepared in advance, an
18、 improvised soccer field was ready to appear on the stage. Enthralled by the new field, Maria felt a surge of happiness welling up her. We made it !, they exclaimed with laughers lingering around the soccer field.读后续写高分语料库Feelings(心理描写) - Various ways to express your worry, fear, joy or gratitude 1.
19、 The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters.2. His battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress are equally funny and frightening.3. It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore. Needless to say, it was too hot to do anything outside.4. It was a brilliant plan.5
20、. She was positive about what the future might bring/ hold.6. Patient as I was, I grew frustration.7. Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored.8. He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork
21、 organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.9. The world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape.10. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world.11. My fa
22、tigue became almost unbearable.12. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.13. There are signs of hope.14. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.15. When we handed him the bag of food, he lit up and thanked up with watery eyes.Surroundin
23、gs(场景描写) - Various ways to describe the surroundings and situations 1. All the world was bright and fresh, and the sunshine was kissing every lovely face.2. Obviously there was something wrong with the car.3. I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting.4. Their efforts have
24、 been proven fruitful.5. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.6. It didnt take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started.Effective Actions (动作描写) - Ways to support the story and promote the development 1. When
25、she arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her.2. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys room where Ann found Jack suffering a heart attack.3. Minutes after the last movie, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering co
26、ke cups.4. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.5. I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.6. Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and plante
27、d herself right in front of my view.7. He gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.8. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.9. Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applican
28、ts waiting to be interviewed.10. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper.11. Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return.Enlightening Ending (升华式结尾) - Ways to close and enhance the lesson 1 If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be willing to go th
29、at extra mile.2 This has been a wonderful experience for our family.3 It will go a long way with them.4 Looking back, I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger.5 Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely grateful.6 With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.7 That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women. 9 / 9