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1、Unit 2 Colours Grammar 知识精讲知识点01 宾语从句的概念 教材P 26【用法详解】在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。结构：主句 + 连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句如： I wonder if he has arrived.主句连接词从句 【典例讲解】1.Kitty asks _ there will _ this winter. A.that; be snowyB.whether; have snowC.that; have snowD.whether; be snow【答案】D【解析】句意：Kitty问今年冬天会不
2、会下雪。考查宾语从句及there be句型。根据“Kitty asksthere willthis winter”可知，想要知道的是明天是否下雪，用whether“是否”引导宾语从句，排除AC；从句要用there be句型的一般将来时结构“there will be”，there be句型不能与have连用，故选D。2.What did the foreigner say to you just now?He asked me _.A.that he can get to Confucius Temple on footB.how long it take him to get to Conf
3、ucius Temple on footC.how could he get to Confucius TempleD.whether he could get to Confucius Temple on foot【答案】D【解析】句意：那个外国人刚才对你说了什么？他问我能不能步行到夫子庙。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C；根据“asked”可知，此处时态上应满足“主过从必过”的原则，从句也用相应的过去时态，排除AB，故选D。【拓展】当主语是be 动词加某些形容歌，如：sorry, sure, afraid, glad等做表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句，也被看成是宾语从句。Im
4、 sorry that I am late.Im not sure whether he can be invited to the party.知识点02 宾语从句三要素之时态 教材P 26【用法详解】宾语从句的三要素：时态、语序、连接词宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的时态根据实际情况而定。She knows (that) her parents will arrive in Nanjing tomorrow.I know (that) he lived here five years ago.We have heard (that)
5、she practises dancing every day.I am looking for where my purse is.2. 如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时），那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。时态变化的规律如下表： 一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时（不变）现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时 I didnt know (that) he would come.Miss Li told us (that) she had seen the film. I saw (that
6、) she was talking with her mother.【典例讲解】1.The picture shows us _ in Nanjing in the past.A.what everyday life was likeB.what was everyday life likeC.how everyday life was likeD.how was everyday life like【答案】A【解析】句意：这张图片向我们表明南京过去日常生活的状况。考查宾语从句。be like意为“像，是什么模样”，与疑问词what连用，宾语从句中用陈述语序；故选A。2.What did th
7、e foreigner say to you just now?He asked me _.A.that he can get to Confucius Temple on footB.how long it take him to get to Confucius Temple on footC.how could he get to Confucius TempleD.whether he could get to Confucius Temple on foot【答案】D【解析】句意：那个外国人刚才对你说了什么？他问我能不能步行到夫子庙。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C；根据“a
8、sked”可知，此处时态上应满足“主过从必过”的原则，从句也用相应的过去时态，排除AB，故选D。【拓展】1. 注意如果主句中出现could you/would you, 要提醒学生这些不是过去时，而只是表示委婉语气，用法视为一般现在时，所以从句依具体时态而定。2. 从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时，不论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：The teacher told us (that) the earth travels around the sun.She said (that) two plus three is five.知识点03 宾语从句三
9、要素之语序 教材P 26【用法详解】宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，即使宾语从句本身是疑问句，也要将其变成陈述句语序。I heard (that) he won a prize.They dont know where he is.【典例讲解】She asked _.A.that she was at the officeB.whether she could sit hereC.how can it be possibleD.why was I good at English【答案】B【解析】句意：她问她是否可以坐在这里。考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句的语序可知，宾语从句的语序
10、必须是陈述语序，因此排除C、D选项；根据主句“she asked”可知，她询问的内容是不确定的，故引导词用that不正确，因此排除A选项。故选B。【拓展】如果whats wrong / whats the matter在句中充当宾语从句，语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语，其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。I want to know whats wrong with you.She doesnt know whats the matter with him.Jack didnt know what happened.I want to know whats on the d
11、esk.知识点04 宾语从句三要素之连接词：that 教材P 26【用法详解】that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句，由连词that连接。因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 Ithink(that)thisansweriscorrect. Iknownothingabouthimexcept(that)helivesthenextdoor.Imsure(that)Marywillcomehereontime.【典例讲解】We never doubt _ you will have a _ future.A.that; succe
12、ssfulB.if; successfulC.that; successD.whether; success【答案】A【解析】句意：我们从不怀疑你会有一个成功的未来。 考查宾语从句引导词和词义辨析。that无实际含义；if是否；whether是否。第一处是doubt that句型，用that引导宾语从句。successful成功的，形容词；success成功，名词。第二处作定语修饰future，用形容词。故选A。【拓展】宾语从句： find/ think / believe +(that) + it is +adj./n. + to do sth = find/ think / believe
13、 + it（形式宾语）+adj./ n.（宾语补足语）+to do sth （真正的宾语）Weallthink(that) it is apityto miss the chance.= Weallthinkit apityto miss the chance. 我们都认为错过那个机会很可惜。知识点05 宾语从句三要素之连接词：if/whether 教材P 27【用法详解】一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether或if引导，因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略，且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 Iwanttoknowwhether/ifyouwillcomes
14、oon. Iwonderwhether/ifyoudliketoreadthenovel. 【典例讲解】1. I dont know if David _ to have the meeting tomorrow.Dont worry. I will tell you as soon as he _.A.comes; will comeB.will come; comesC.will come; will comeD.comes; comes【答案】B【解析】句意：我不知道大卫明天是否会来开会。 别担心。他一来我就告诉你。第一个空是由if引导的宾语从句，由tomorrow可知，此处需用一般将来
15、时；第二个空是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以用一般现在时。故选B。2. We havent decided _.A.that we will repair our houseB.when did we go to the partyC.where we went on vacationD.whether we will keep a pet【答案】D【解析】句意：我们还没有决定是否要养宠物。考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B选项。C选项是一般过去时，主句也要用过去的某种时态，而主句havent decided是现在完成时结构，排除C；由h
16、avent decided可知，引导词用whether最合语境。故选D。【拓展】if和whether的区别：1. 能用whether不能用if的几种情况：宾语从句中有ornot时（意思为“或不是”，“或没有”），则用whetherornot；Iamnotsurewhetheritwillbefineornottomorrow.（我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。）在介词后； It depends on whether it is going to rain.whether 后可接动词不定式；She doesnt know whether to get married now or wait. w
17、hether可做主语。Whether the news is true remains a question.2. 能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外，还可表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则。You will achieve great success, if you have a dream and believe in it.3. 后接if/whether的常见词有：want to know/wonder/doubt/Im not sure。知识点06 certainly 教材P 26【用法详解】certainly adv. 当
18、然；行（用于回答）；必定The taxincreaseswill certainlyhitthe poor././././lm/AppData/Local/youdao/dict/Application/8.9.8.0/resultui/html/index.html - /javascript:; 增税肯定会加重穷人的负担。certain adj. 某一；必然的；确信；无疑的；有把握的They are certain to agree.他们肯定会同意。Iagree withyoutoa certaindegree././././lm/AppData/Local/youdao/dict/App
19、lication/8.9.8.0/resultui/html/index.html - /javascript:; 我在某种程度上同意你的观点。certain pron. 某些；某几个Certain of those were unwilling to discuss the matter further.某些人不愿意进一步讨论这个问题。certainty n. 必然；确实；确实的事情Her return to the team now seems a certainty.她的归队现在似乎已成定局。【典例讲解】_ Mr. Smith will be late for the meeting,
20、I think.I dont think so. Hes never late for any meeting, so he will _ get here on time.A.Perhaps; certainlyB.Whenever; hardlyC.Whenever; certainlyD.Perhaps; hardly【答案】A【解析】句意：我想也许斯密斯先生开会会迟到。我认为不是这样。任何会议他从不迟到，因此他会按时到那里。考查副词辨析。perhaps可能；也许；whenever无论何时；certainly当然；hardly几乎不。第一句I think是插入语，句子只有一个谓语动词wi
21、ll be late，所以第一空不用从属连词，故排除BC；答语中so表示前后是因果关系，根据句意故选A。知识点07 everyday 教材P 26【用法详解】everyday = daily adj. 每天的；每日发生的；日常的The Internet has become part ofeveryday life.互联网已成为日常生活的一部分。a small dictionary for everyday use 常用小词典【典例讲解】We should practice _ English _.A.everyday; everydayB.every day; every dayC.ever
22、y day; everydayD.everyday; every day【答案】D【解析】句意：我们应该每天练习日常英语。根据every day每天，做时间状语，通常放在句末； everyday每天的，形容词，修饰名词English作定语；故选D【拓展】everyday 与 every dayeveryday 是一个词，形容词，用法相当于daily，表示日常的。every day 是两个词，表示每天。 知识点08 personal 教材P 26【用法详解】personal adj. 个人的；身体的；亲自的The novel is written frompersonal experience.
23、这部小说是根据个人亲身经历写成的。personality n. 个性；品格；名人His wife has a strong personality.他妻子的个性很强。personally adv. 亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言Personally, I prefer the second option. 就我个人而言，我倾向第二种选择。【典例讲解】Pauls a with a strong .He never asks others for advice on his business.A.personal; person; personalityB.person;personal; pe
24、rsonalityC.personality; person; personalD.person; personality; personal【答案】D【解析】句意：Paul是一个有着强个性的人。在他的个人的生意上，他从不会向别人寻求建议。person人，可数名词。personality个性，品格。personal个人的。第一个空不定冠词a后加可数名词单数，结合句意，应该选person。第二个空strong是形容词，修饰名词，结合句意，有强烈的个性，应该用personality。第三个空business是名词，用形容词修饰，用personal。故选D知识点09 suit 教材P 27【用法详解
25、】1.suit v. 对（某人）方便；满足（某人）需要；合（某人）心意Choose a computer to suit your particular needs.选一台适合你个人需要的电脑。././././lm/AppData/Local/youdao/dict/Application/8.9.8.0/resultui/html/index.html - /javascript:;If you want to go by bus, thatsuits me fine.要是你想坐公共汽车走，那对我也合适。He can be very helpful, but only when it sui
26、ts him.有时候他非常肯帮忙，不过那得他觉得合适。././././lm/AppData/Local/youdao/dict/Application/8.9.8.0/resultui/html/index.html - /javascript:;It suits me tostart work at a later time.对我来说，最好晚一点再开始工作。2.suit v. 尤指服装、颜色等)相配；合身Blue suits you. You should wear it more often.你适合穿蓝色。你该多穿蓝色衣服。././././lm/AppData/Local/youdao/d
27、ict/Application/8.9.8.0/resultui/html/index.html - /javascript:;I dont think this coat really suits me.我觉得这件大衣不大适合我穿。【典例讲解】-The colours of the dress _ her very well. -Yes, red _ her characteristics.A.suit; matchesB.match; suitsC.suit; suitsD.match; matches【答案】A【解析】句意：-这件衣服颜色很适合她。-是的，红色符合她的性格特点。考查动词辨
28、析。suit侧重于符合某人的口味，或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合。2.match 多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调。The carpets should match the curtains.地毯应该和窗帘相配。Do these shoes match my dress?这鞋子与我的衣服配吗？结合句意和语境，可知选A。【拓展】suit n. 套装；西装；西服a suit of一套a business suit公务装知识点10 celebration 教材P 28【用法详解】celebration n. 庆典，庆祝会；庆祝；颂扬The party isin celebr
29、ation oftheir fiftieth wedding anniversary 这个聚会是为了庆祝他们50年金婚。celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺Jakes passed his exams. Were going out to celebrate. 杰克已通过考试，我们要外出庆祝一下。【典例讲解】Do you often get some presents_ Christmas Day?Yes. And we usually hold a party_ it.A.at; celebrate B.on; celebrates C.on; to celebrate D.at; cele
30、brating【答案】C【解析】句意: 在圣诞节这天你常常得到些礼物吗？是的。我们通常举行一个晚会来庆祝它。on Christmas Day在圣诞节这天, to celebrate it动词不定式做目的状语，据句意，故选C。能力拓展一 单项选择1.Peter, do you want to know something about Barcode（条形码）?Yes, I am wondering _.A.how old is the great inventionB.who came up with this codeC.that it can be used in the libraryD.
31、what information does a Barcode include.【答案】B【解析】句意：皮特，你想了解一些关于条形码的知识吗？是的，我正想知道是谁想出了这种代码。考查宾语从句。已知宾语从句要用陈述句语序，所以A、D两项错误，可排除。wonder后接who、what、why、where等引导的宾语从句，意为“想知道”；后接that引导的宾语从句，意为“对感到惊讶，对感到怀疑”。根据“want to know”可知，wonder在此意为“想知道”，所以，其后应接who引导的宾语从句。故选B。2.I dont know he will come tomorrow, he comes,
32、 I will tell you.A.if; whetherB.whether; whetherC.whether; ifD.that, whether【答案】C【解析】if既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导状语从句。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，遵循宾语从句的时态规则，可根据语境选择任何时态；充当从属连词，引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，若主句中的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。3.The police _ still not sure _ the young man killed himself or was killed
33、.A.is, if B.is, whether C.are , whether D.are, that【答案】C【解析】句意：警方还不确定这个年轻人是自杀还是他杀。if是否，如果；that因为，以至于；whether是否；weather天气。If和whether都能表示是否，但是whether常和or搭配使用，本句中police为集合名词，表示复数含义，故选C。4.All of us doubt _ there will _ next week.A.if; be snowy B.whether; be snow C.that; have snow D.whether; have snow【答案
34、】B【解析】句意：我们大家都怀疑下周是否会下雪。考查宾语从句及there be句型。doubt后接宾语从句时，肯定句中用引导词if或whether，排除C选项。there be句型不能与have一起连用，排除D选项。且第二个空格处缺少主语，应用名词snow作主语，故选B。5.Tom wonders _.A.whether his uncle will come next weekB.whether will his uncle come next weekC.that his uncle will come next weekD.that will his uncle come next we
35、ek【答案】A【解析】句意：汤姆想知道他的叔叔下周是否会来。考查宾语从句。根据“wonder”一词可知，宾语从句的内容是不确定的，因此不能用that引导的宾语从句；其次根据宾语从句的语序要是陈述语气，因此B选项不符合。故选A。6.Im not sure _ my suggestion is helpful to you.It certainly is. Every little bit helps.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.where【答案】C【解析】句意：我不确定我的建议对你是否有帮助。当然是。一点一滴都有帮助。考查宾语从句。why为什么；how怎样；whether是否；wh
36、ere哪里。根据“Im not sure my suggestion is helpful to you”及“It certainly is”，可知，不确定是否有帮助，故选C。7.Would you mind me_ the door ?_. Please do it now.A.closing, Of courseB.to close, Of course notC.closing, Certainly notD.close, Certainly【答案】C【解析】此题考查的固定结构would you mind doing sth表示介意做某事吗？肯定性回答常用Certainly not8.P
37、eople use mobile phones _.Yes.They are very important in our _ life.A.everyday；everydayB.everyday；every dayC.every day；everyday【答案】C【解析】句意：人们每天用手机。是的，它们在我们的日常 生活中很重要。every day：每天，是时间状语；everyday意为“日常的”，是形容词，作定语。前句指：每天用手机。每天：every day；后句中修饰名词life，用形容词everyday。故选C。9.Will it _ you if I arrive at your of
38、fice at four oclock? Yes, that will _ me fine.A.suit; suitB.fit; suitC.match; fitD.fit; match【答案】A【解析】句意：我四点钟到你办公室合适吗？是的，那很适合我。考查动词辨析。fit 常用来表示衣服、鞋、帽等的大小、尺寸合适，是一个形容词，表示“合适的，健康的”；suit 常指衣服等颜色、图案、款式、质地上等适合，也可指条件（如时间、气候等）适合，常译成 “对方便”；match 和相配，和相称，使较量；结合语境及“if I arrive at your office at four oclock”可知，
39、此处指的是时间上的合适，表示“对方便”，所以用suit，故选A。10.The class_the victory of the football match when I entered the classroom.A.celebratedB.were celebratingC.was celebratingD.has celebrating【答案】B【解析】句意：我走进教室时，全班正在庆祝足球比赛的胜利。在过去，当从句的动作发生时，主句的动作也正在进行。此类句子主句动词为延续性，从句动词为瞬间性。句子结构：when从句用过去式，主句用过去进行时。本句主语“class”表示班上的同学们（即这个
40、集体里的成员），谓语动词用复数。故选B。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一、根据汉语提示填空。1.May I use your dictionary?_ (当然).【答案】Certainly【解析】句意：我能用一下你的字典吗？当然。certainly“当然”，是副词，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Certainly。2.Young students hope that their parents give them more _ (个人的) space.【答案】personal【解析】句意：青年学生们希望他们的父母们能给他们更多的个人空间。空格处缺少形容词作定语，“个人的”的英文是personal。故填
41、personal。3.This _（套装）doesnt fit you. You should wear sportswear in the gym.【答案】suit【解析】句意：这身套装不适合你。在体育馆你应该穿运动服。根据所给单词的意思可知，这里考查suit，是一个名词，空前有“This”修饰，故填suit。4.Thank you for _（庆祝）this years Christmas with me.【答案】celebrating【解析】句意：感谢跟我一起庆祝今年的圣诞节。固定搭配：thank you for doing sth“因某事感谢你”，根据中文提示，celebrate“庆祝
42、”，故填celebrating。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.The problem is so difficult that Im _ about how to deal with it. (certain)【答案】uncertain【解析】句意：这个问题太难了，我不知道如何处理它。am为系动词，其后应接形容词作表语；又根据“The problem is so difficult.”可知，问题太难，“我”对它的处理应是“不确定的”，所以横线处应填“certain（确定的）”的反义词“uncertain（不确定的）”。故填uncertain。2.I have something _(pers
43、on) to discuss with you.【答案】personal【解析】句意：我有私人事情要和你商量。所填的词修饰不定代词something，所以应该用形容词（形容词修饰不定代词要后置）。person意为“人，个人”，其形容词是personal：个人的，私人的。故填personal。3.Peter may be the most_(suit) person for this position.【答案】suitable【解析】句意：彼得可能是这个职位最合适的人选。根据“the most”可知，此处要用形容词，修饰后面的名词“person”，与“the most”构成最高级的形式，故填su
44、itable。4.Many events will be held to _ the 100th anniversary of the founding of CPC.(celebration)【答案】celebrate【解析】句意：将会举行许多活动来庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。根据“Many events will be held tothe 100th anniversary of the founding of CPC”可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语；动词不定式的构成形式为：to do。故填celebrate。题组B 能力提升练一、完型填空The year 2018 marked t
45、he 10th Anniversary(周年庆) of Double Eleven Shopping Festival. Tmall(天猫商城) is 1 sales greater than ever! Big saving are offered 2 promotions(促销活动) like discounts, pre-order, coupon, and many other.It has always been regarded as a special day for single men and women in China. It has now turned to be the countrys 3 day for