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1、三年（2020-2022）年高考真题分项汇编专题05 非谓语动词 2022年高考真题1（2022新高考I卷）_ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 答案：Covering解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形
2、式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。2（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority _ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 答案：to increase解析
3、：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。3（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xian, as a first step _ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 答案：to journey解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，
4、一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。4（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation _ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 答案：held解析：考查非谓语动
5、词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。5（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20, _ (plan) to hike back to Xian in five months. 答案：planning解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外
6、的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。6（2022全国乙卷）_ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, _ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the wo
7、rld to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 答案：to strengthen; inviting解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。第二空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为
8、非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。7.（2022年浙江卷1月）That approach brought Cobbs air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans _（continue） the practice. It has been fairly rewarding. , she says, a really positive change.答案：astonished解析：考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to d
9、o sth“计划做”，故填to continue。8.（2022年新高考2卷）Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _36_ (fall) child. 答案：falling 解析
10、：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。9.（2022年新高考2卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climb
11、ed up _39_ (see) them. 答案：to see 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。2021年高考真题1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the wh
12、ole adventureand offers a place where you can sit down to rest your8(ache) legs.【答案】aching 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，因为名词legs与动词ache为主动关系，所以此处应该填现在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。2.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空） It is possible3(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【答案】 to walk【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式，故填 to wal
13、k 。3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）After4(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and whatbetter than to ride on a piece of history!【答案】spending【解析】考查非谓语动词。After 介词后加doing形式，故填spending。4.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Minimize the impact of7(visit) the place.
14、【答案】visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意：最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填visiting。5.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim10(have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】to have【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断此处填非谓
15、语动词。aim to do sth，意为 目的在于做某事 ，因此应填不定式形式。句意：并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填to have。6.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over8(plant) flowers in the front yard.【答案】 to plant【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访，在前院里种些花。7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quart
16、ers of the countries7(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.【答案】studied【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，这个国家3/4的城市里的被调查男女的BMI值比偏远山区的男女数值高。分析句子结构可知study做urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries的定语，动词分词做定语与逻辑主语是被动关系，故答案为 studied。8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）This may be due to some
17、 disadvantages for people9(live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】 living【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是因为住在乡村的人们的条件不好。分析句子结构可知 live in the countryside是people的后置定语，动词分词作定语且live与逻辑主语people是主动关系, 故答案为living。9.（2021.3
18、 天津卷 单选）ChinasNationalHighway318,over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu, Tibet, is known as theheavenly roadfor its amazing views.A. to extend B. extended C. extending D. being extended【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为”天堂之路“。分析句子成分结构可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填
19、非谓语动词。又因为extend与主语Chinas National Highway 318之间为主动关系，所以用extending。故选：C。2020年高考真题1.（2020新课标I卷语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to
20、 find。2.（2020新课标I卷短文改错）I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.【答案】 frying改为fried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。3. （2020新课标I卷短文改错）My mom told me how to preparing it【答案】 preparing改为prepare。 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如
21、何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。4. （2020新课标II卷语法填空）They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.【答案】coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。5. （
22、2020新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.【答案】 decorated【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。6. （2020新课标II卷语法填空）They are easy 68 (care) for a
23、nd make great presents.【答案】 to care。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。7. （2020新课标III卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter.【答案】 to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故
24、填to find。8. （2020新课标III卷语法填空）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.【答案】 surrounding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式
25、，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。9.(2020山东新高考语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43(walk)through a rainforest.【答案】 walking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历
26、史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。10. (2020浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60(change)lives.【答案】 to change【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to cha
27、nge。11. (2020浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63 (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.【答案】 making【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主
28、动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。12. （2020江苏卷）Technological innovations, _ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined withB. combining withC. having combined withD. to be combined with【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与结合/联合”，本句中省略be
29、动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。13（2020（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）_in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.AHaving completedBBeing completedCCompletedDCompleting【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语theEmpireS
30、tateBuilding和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。14（2020（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）The local government doesnt have to sacrifice environmental protection _ economic growth.Ato be promotedBbeing promotedCpromotingDto promote【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语do
31、esnt have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。15（2020（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）_ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.ATo helpBHelpedCHelpingDBeing helped【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。2019年高考真题 1.【20
32、19江苏卷单项填空】 30._ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。2.【2019天津卷单项填空】4._ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need f
33、or the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。3.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 32.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recogniz
34、edD. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。4.【2019天津卷单项填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在
35、他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。5.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】Modem methods _of_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用
36、不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。6.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,【答案】noting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。7.【2019新课标II卷短文改错】All the football players on
37、 the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football.【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。8.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】A 90-year-old has be
38、en awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【答案】 being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。9.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _declared_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-ye
39、ar-old business.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“的计划”，故填to retire。10.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _a_ joke.【答案】saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。11.【2019新课标III卷语法填
40、空】On our way to the house，it was raining _so_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there.【答案】to get【解析】考查非谓语。 句意：我们忍不住想知道还要多久才能到那里。该句中考查了固定用法：It takes time to do sth.：花时间做某事，该句式中it作形式主语，time做宾语，使用不定式作真正的主语。而句中只是在对宾语时间，用how long 对其进行提问，不影响不定式的使用，故答案为to get。12.【2019新课标I
41、II卷语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以
42、选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。13.【2019浙江卷语法填空】When the children are walking or _59_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,【答案】cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。14.【2019浙江卷语法填空】But s
43、ome students didnt want _63_ (wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。15.【2019北京卷语法填空】Nervously _2_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两
44、个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。16.【2019北京卷语法填空】Earth Day，_4_(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.【答案】marked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且与其之间是被动
45、关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。2018年高考真题 1.【2018北京】3. _ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“_ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。2.【201
46、8北京】6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather是谓语动词，“_ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。点睛：动词不定式可以做主语，状语，定语，宾语，表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常译为“为了”。3.【2018北京】10. Ordinary soap, _ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use