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1、高考英语新闻词汇表达（一）1.Urban Hawker in Manhattan hews to the same basic design principles, with vendors along the walls and communal tables in the centre.hew to: 坚持；遵守【例】He is a politician who has always hewed closely to the party line.hew: (v.) 砍；劈；砍倒；砍成（某物或某种形状）；遵从，坚持【相似表达】follow; obey; adhere to; stand b
2、y; stick to/with; cling to; abide by【延伸】hew to the line: 服从纪律hew off: 砍掉hew out: 把开采出来；开辟出hew out a career: 艰苦地开创事业hew to a principle: 坚守原则2.Bombs, terrorism and civil war used to keep Iraqis indoors.Now it is the gridlocked traffic.Commuters waste hours a day stuck in exhaust fumes.gridlocked：交通堵塞的
3、；陷入僵局的原形：gridlockn.交通全面堵塞；（政治）僵局v.交通堵塞【例】All this is a recipe for chaos and gridlock in national asylum systems.【相似表达】congestion; snarl-up; traffic jam; tailback; holdup; bottleneck; stoppage; logjam; impasse; stalemate; standstill; deadlock【延伸】be in gridlock：陷入僵局come to a deadlock/reach an impasse/
4、be locked in a stalemate：陷入僵局be in dire straits：处于水深火热之中land in trouble：陷入困境be clogged with traffic：交通堵塞3.But despite current annual oil revenues of over $100bn, Baghdads road network is all but unchanged since the 1980s.Wars, economic sanctions, corruption and neglect have gutted the transport syst
5、em.gut: 摧毁，破坏 (v.to destroy the inside of; to destroy the essential power or effectiveness of)【其余释义】n.肠道；勇气，魄力；直觉，本能；核心；（机器或设备的）内部零件；狭道v.取出的内脏（以便烹饪）；毁坏（建筑物）的内部adj.感情的，本能的【例】A sudden fire gutted the building last Friday.【延伸】blind gut：盲肠gut-wrenching：极度痛苦的，撕心裂肺的gut check：肠道检查；勇气测试beer gut：啤酒肚bust a/on
6、es gut doing sth / to do sth：努力做，拼命地做某事gut course：容易的课程或工作gut it out：顽强不屈；强硬到底gut feeling：直觉4.Microsoft, which has integrated a souped-up version of the chatbot into its Bing search engine, has restricted access to the new version and set limits on how many questions users can ask it in a row.souped
7、-up: 加强了马力的；优化的；改造的 (enhanced or increased in appeal, power, performance, or intensity)soup:n.汤，羹；马力vt.加速；增加马力【例】Product designers have been trying to find a great way of combining the power of your smartphone with an attachable souped-up camera.【相似表达】improved; meliorated; embellished;【延伸】soup up：加大
8、马力；使有生气be in the soup：处于困境，陷于困难duck soup：容易处理的问题；容易打败的对手from soup to nuts：从头到尾；一应俱全（二）1.Their actions in fighting for positive changes on gun reform, fighting White supremacy, fighting to reign in social media so hate speech cant be spread by technology companies through social media the families ha
9、ve been nothing short of courageous.White supremacy：白人至上hate speech：仇恨言论nothing short of : 简直就是；无异于【例】His recovery has been nothing short of a miracle.【相似表达】little short of; be tantamount to; nothing less than【延伸】short of：缺乏；不足；除以外fall short of：达不到；辜负；缺乏in short：总而言之short selling：卖空；抛空be in short su
10、pply：供应不足；供不应求short life：短使用期限；核 短寿命；不耐久的2.Leaders in Washington are running out of time to avoid an unprecedented default on US debt.The top consumer watchdog in the federal government is warning of dire consequences for American families.default on: 无法偿还；拖欠；未出席【例】The bank fears I will default on a
11、ny business loan Im given.【相似表达】be in default on；fail to pay；be in arrears with；be behind in payment【延伸】by default：缺席；不到场；默认情况下in default：违约；失职default risk：违约风险；拖欠风险default user：默认用户in default of：因缺少3.The debt ceiling is very likely to be a focus next week when Yellen is scheduled to meet with leadi
12、ng bank CEOs in Washington at a trade association meeting.debt ceiling：债务上限be scheduled to do: 计划做；预定做某事【例】The store is scheduled to be openned in 2018 - assuming everything goes right.【相似表达】plan to do sth；mean to do sth；mean to do sth；aim to do sth【延伸】behind schedule：落后于预定计划；误点ahead of schedule：提前o
13、n schedule：按预定时间；按时间表tight schedule：日程紧凑4.The rise of remote work has damaged urban downtown shopping areas, which were designed tocater to office workers commuting back and forth daily.be designed to：目的是；被设计用于做【例】The policy is designed to give financial support to entrepreneurs.【相似表达】be aimed at doing sth；aim to do sth；with a view to doing sth【延伸】interior design：室内设计software design：软件设计design idea：设计理念landscape design：景观设计；建 园林设计by design：蓄意地have designs against：对抱不良企图cater to：迎合，满足；为服务3