《Unit8+语法-+情态动词用法 牛津译林版八年级英语上册.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit8+语法-+情态动词用法 牛津译林版八年级英语上册.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Unit8语法- 情态动词用法情态动词一情态动词定义 情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词，主要用于表达我们人类的情感与态度。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。二.情态动词特征1） 情态动词（modal verb）本身有词义，表示说话人的语气或情态。2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，后跟动词原型。3）情态动词的否定直接在本身后面+not三.常见情态动词用法1）can （1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均
2、不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。2）could（1）.can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。（2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favor?你能帮我个忙吗？Could I u
3、se your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3）must(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗？(2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”如：You mustnt play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustnt be late.你一定不要迟到。(3)对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，
4、否定回答为neednt 或dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗？No, you neednt.不，你不必。4）shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）如：Shall we go out for a walk?我们出去散步好吗？Thats a good idea. / Good idea. 好主意！5）may(1).表示请求、许可，比can正式如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”
5、，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.6）will / would（would是will的过去式）（1）表估计：“想必，大概”（只时态区别）表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在；will表示现在/将来)（2）表“请求/要求”（Will you？）此意用于疑问句，常与you连用Will you give me a piece of paper?7）Should的用法：【解析】 should的用法 1) should“应该”，
6、表示劝告、建议、命令，常与I think/I dont think/Do you think连用。 You look tired. You should go to bed at once. 你看上去累了，应该马上去睡觉。 I think I should help him because he is in trouble. 我想我该帮他一把，因为他碰上麻烦了。 2) should用于表达合理的推断或明显的结果，且所期待的事几乎是事实。 It is three oclock. The football game should begin soon. 现在是3点，足球比赛应该马上开始了。 She
7、s been studying hard for the exam, so she should pass. 她一直很努力地为考试做准备，应该可以通过。 【知识拓展】ought to= should Ought not to = should not注意：ought to 的疑问句形式将ought 提前She ought to /should pay more attention to what her lawyer says.否定句：_一般疑问句：_ 针对性练习选择最佳答案填空:1) Is Peter here yet? Not yet, but hebe here soon. He is
8、usually on time.A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. must2)Youve made the same mistake once again. Yoube more careful next time.A. canB. mayC. had toD. should3)Its nearly seven oclock. Jackbe here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can4)I wasnt sure whether Ioffer to help or not. A. shouldB. mayC. would
9、D. can8）had better的用法 had better表强烈建议，意为“最好还是”，后接+动词原形 否定形式： had better not do sth 最好不要做某事完成句子 1. 我觉得你最好明天去看望他。 I think youd better _ to see him tomorrow. 2. 你最好现在不要做那事。（否定式 ） You had better_ _ that now. 3. 早餐最好在8点前吃。（被动语态） Breakfast_ _ _ _ before 8 oclock.针对性练习根据所给情景，用had better 与括号内的词完成句子:1) Youre
10、 going out for a walk with Tom. It might rain. You say to Tom: 你最好带把雨伞。 (an umbrella)2) Jack has just cut himself. You say to him:你最好下次更小心些。(more careful)3) Jill doesnt look well not well enough to go to work. You say to her: 你最好今天不要去工作。 (go to work) 知识点3：情态动词句式变化(1).一般疑问句情态动词直接提前如：He can go to scho
11、ol by bike.（改为一般疑问句）Can he go to school buy bike?(2) .否定句在情态动词后加not如：He must go home at seven oclock. （改为否定句）He mustnt go home at seven oclock.【真题练习】1.-Yuan Longping，a famous Chinese scientist，is now doing research on sea rice-If farmers_ start planting rice in salty water，Chinas food supply will su
12、rely riseAcan Bcant Cmust Dmustnt2.To keep children safe, we _ put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.A. may B. should C. can D. might3.Tommy, _play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car.A. doB. dont C. must D. mustnt4.-Mom,_i visit the art museum next Monda
13、y?-Im afraid you cant. All museums in the city are closed on Monday.A. would B. need C. should D. may5.Look! The traffic light has turned red. We_stop our car.A. canB. cantC. mustD. mustnt6.- _ you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening? - Id love to, but I have to study for my math t
14、est.A. Should B. May C. Must D. Can7. Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? It _ be her. She is giving a performance at the theatre now.A. mayB. mustC. cantD. mustnt8._ I swim here?Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here.A. Must ;cantB. May ; mustC. Can; mustntD.Cant ;can【专题演练】1.-Mum,_I visit the
15、 Modern Art Museum next Monday?-Im afraid you cant.All the museums in the city are closed on Monday.A.would B.need C.should D.may2.-Look!Heres a green schoolbag.Is it Li Leis?It_be Li Leis.His is orange-and-white.A.cant B.must C.neednt3.- you play golf?- No. But I can play table tennis.A. Can B. May
16、 C. Must D. Should 4.- I cant stop playing computer games.- For your health, my boy. Im afraid you .A. can B. may C. will D. have to 5.- Hi, Jim, you come to my party?- OK. I will.A. can B. may C. need D. must 6. Must I finish that work today? No, you . You may finish it in three days.A. mustnt B. n
17、eednt C. shouldnt D. couldnt 7.- How is your friend coming?- Im not sure. He drive here.A. may B. can C. must D. will 8.- Where is mum now?- Im not sure. She be in the kitchen.A. shall B. may C. need D. must 9.Tom, my classmate, write his name at the age of three.A. can B. may C. was able to D. had
18、to10.- I take some photos in the hall?- No, you .A. Can; needntB. Must; mustnt C. Could; wont D. May; mustnt11.- Whos that girl swimming in the pool? Is it Lucy?- It be Lucy. She is sleeping in her bedroom now.A. may not B. cant C. must D. should12.- Must I park my car behind the building?- No, you
19、. You park it here.A. mustnt; may B. may not; mustC. dont have to; may D. shouldnt; must13.- Will you answer the door? It be your mother.- Sorry, I . Im busy.A. can; mustntB. will; cant C. may; cant D. need; will14.Tom, you play with the knife; you hurt yourself.A. wont; cant B. mustnt; mayC. should
20、nt; must D. cant; shouldnt15.- The piano be Alices.- I think so. She is the only student who play the piano in our class.A. must; canB. must; shouldC. could; need D. might; will16.The old man live in a quiet room, but his house is very near to a busy street, so it be quiet.A. can; canB. should; must
21、nt C. should; cant D. can; must17.In winter, you go out with wet hair, or you catch a cold.A. neednt; mayB. mustnt; must C. shouldnt; may D. cant; must18.- you like to go shopping with me this afternoon?- Sorry, Im busy. I not be free until tomorrow afternoon.A. Will; mayB. Would; mightC. Will; must
22、D. Would; need19.- you drive?- No, I cant. But I learn to drive next year. Im not sure.A. Will; mayB. Can; mayC. Should; couldD. Can; must20.-The Greens have gone away on holiday.They_be at home.A.mustnt B.cant C.may not D.neednt课后作业完形填空aLast week,students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make
23、their English Week a big success.There was an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt.Some students1an English play.2students took part in an English singing competition.There was also a speaking competition.The students had to speak on a topic in English3 two minutes.We spoke to the wi
24、nner,Henry.“Im so happy that I won,”he said.“I4people to speak slowly.5they want to be good public speakers,theyd better speak clearly and confidently.”We also spoke to several other students about English Week.One of them was Amy.“I6enjoyed English Week.It gave me a7to learn new words.I think that
25、every school should have an English Week.Its well worth8,”she said.On the last day of English Week,the head teacher gave a speech to the whole school.He gave students9suggestions on how to improve their English.“You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you can.You should read Eng
26、lish books and magazines,and watch English television10.Above all,you should enjoy English!”he said.1.A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put out2.A.Other B.Another C.Others D.The others3.A.for B.in C.after D.since4.A.choose B.advise C.hope D.communicate5.A.Unless B.Until C.If D.Because6.A.hardly B.very C
27、.quietly D.really7.A.step B.chance C.prize D.text8.A.do B.to do C.doing D.to doing9.A.any B.some C.no D.all10.A.programmesB.competitionsC.topics D.methods阅读理解AListening is an important part of learning English. Here are some suggestions on listening. We hope they can help you.Relax yourselfBefore yo
28、u start to listen to something, you need to relax. This can help your listening. Dont get nervous or excited.Listen carefully to the first sentenceThe first sentence tells you a lot about the whole passage, so listen carefully to it.Think what youre listeningWhen you listen, try to do some thinking.
29、 For example:What happened? When, where and how? What was the result and what does the speaker want to tell us? In this way, you can understand the passage better.Listen to important factsIts important for you to remember some important facts. For example, if the passage is a science report, you sho
30、uld try to remember its findings, and how the scientists get the results. This is also helpful to your listening.1.Before you start to listen to something, you need to be_.A.relaxedB.nervousC.excitedD.sad2.Listen carefully to_when listening.A.the first sentence B.the second sentenceC.the last senten
31、ce D.A, B and C3.When listening, we dont need to think“_”.A.What happened? B.When did the thing happen?C.What does the speaker want to tell us? D.How old is the speaker?4.Is it important to remember some important facts when listening?A.Yes, it is.B.No, it isnt.C.Yes, it isnt.D.No, it is.5.If the pa
32、ssage is about a science report, you should remember_when listening.A.their family B.how the scientists get the resultsC.how old they are D.what they likeBAs a student,I was most afraid to answer questions in class,and I found that the students around were just like me.At the beginning of each class
33、,when the teacher asked a question,I always lowered my head because I was afraid that the teacher saw me.One day,in a foreign language class,Mr.Black gave us a lesson.He wanted us to be active in class,so he asked us some questions,but no one answered.“Let me tell you a story first,”he said.“When I
34、came to the United States to study,the university often invited famous people to make speeches.Before the beginning of every speech,I found an interesting thing.The students around me always took a cardboard folded(折叠的)in half,wrote their names in bold with the most eye-catching color,and then place
35、d the cardboard on the seat.So when the speaker needed the answers from the students,he could see and call a listeners name directly.”“I couldnt understand that.My classmate told me the speakers were all top people who meant chances.When your answer was to his surprise,it meant he might give you mor
36、e chances.In fact,I really saw a few students got great chances because of that.”After listening to the story,I understood that the chance will not find you itself.You must show yourself all the time so that you can find a chance on the card.6.What did Mr.Black want the students to do in his class?A
37、.Read loudly.B.Take notes carefully.C.Be active.D.Listen to him quietly.7.How did the writers classmates behave when they were asked questions?A.They raised their hands.B.They shook their heads.C.They closed their eyes.D.They lowered their heads.8.How did the speaker get to know the students names?A
38、.He got them from the computer.B.He saw the cardboards on the seats.C.He asked the students for their names.D.He got them from the name list on the teachers desk.9.What does the underlined word“eye-catching”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.引人注目的B.眼睛疼痛的C.目光呆滞的D.泪眼蒙眬的10.What does the writer mainly tell us?A.Doing as others do is necessary.B.Answering questions bravely is easy.C.Attracting others attention is interesting.D.Showing yourself bravely can win chances.9学科网（北京）股份有限公司