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1、英语张老师专用讲义介词和连词专题讲练介 词介词的概念介词常置于名词或代词之前，表示该词_。一般在句中不_。如：at, on, in, about, with,by等。考点一 表示时间的介词(1) at , in 和 onat: 表示具体的时刻。如：_在六点钟 表示一段较短的时间。如：_在夜里, _在正午. 表示人的年龄，常用短语 at the age of ., 如：at the age of ten. 在十岁的时候in: 常与上午、下午、晚上等词连用。如：_在早上,_在下午._在晚上 常与月份、季节、年份连用。如：_在五月, _在2020年._在春/夏/秋/冬天,on: 常与星期连用。 如：
2、_. 常与日期连用，指具体到某一天。如：_ 在2019年的五月一日. 常与表示具体的某一天上午、下午、晚上连用。 如： _在周五的早上 _在一个下雨的下午_在五月五日的晚上(2) from 用来表示从某段时间开始的动作，常与to 连用构成短语“fromto”译为“从到”。如：They worked in the farm _ _ _ _.他们从早到晚都在农场工温馨提示：fromto还可以表示：从一个地方到另一个地方。如：A message is from one computer to another.(3)after指时间“在以后”，后面接时间点或时间段均可。接时间段时，_；接时间点时，_。
3、如: _ 几天后他回来了。 _ 四点半以后我给你打电话。 (4)till/until表示“到为止，直到之时，直至”，在肯定句中要用延续性动词。如: _. 你最好在床上呆到明天。 I shall wait until ten oclock. 我将等到10点钟。 在否定句中，notuntil 意为“直到才”，是连词，用来引导一个时间状语从句谓语动词用短暂性动词。如_昨天晚上直到11点钟我才睡觉。 (5)by 表示“不迟于”(not later than)，常与完成时连用。如:by then到那时，by now到目前为止 They had seen four English films by the
4、 end of last night. 到昨天晚上为止他们已经看过四部英语电影。 (6)before指时间“在以前”，后面一般接时间点。如:I will get to Australia_ 我将于周五之前到达澳大利亚。 (7)during表示“在期间”，强调“自始至终”。如: _，he asked a lot of questions. 在那三个月期间，他问了许多问题。 考点2：表地点与位置的介词(1). at和in的区别：at后接小地方，in接大地方。如： I live in Beijing while he lives at a small village in Yunnan.我住在北京，
5、而他住在云南的一个小村子里。(2). in, on和to的区别: in 表示两个地方是_(即一个小地方属于大地方管辖)；on表示两个地方_(即两个地方是连接在一起的); to 表示两个地方_(即两个地方中间是隔开的)。如： Guangdong is _. 广东在中国南部。(广东属于中国的一问部分) Guangdong lies_. 广东在广西的东部。(广东广西是连接在一起的) China is _. 中国在日本的西部。(中国日本隔海相望)(3). across, through, over的区别：across指_；through指_；over指_。如： The old man _the roa
6、d carefully. 老人小心地从路面上走过。 The sunlight went into the room _. 阳光透过窗户进入房间。 Look, a bird is_the tall building. 看，一只小鸟正飞过高楼。(4). in front of 与in the front of 的区别: in front of _；in the front of _。如： There is a tall tree_在我屋前有一颗大树。(树在屋外) Can you see the desk _? 你能看见在教室前面的桌子吗？(桌子在教室里面)(5). in the wall与on t
7、he wall; in the tree与on the tree的区别：in the wall指在墙里面；on the wall指在墙表面；in the tree指在_；on the tree指_等。如：There is a window _ the wall.墙上有个窗户(窗户在墙里面)。A beautiful picture is hung_ the wall.一幅漂亮的画被挂在墙上(画在墙的表面)。Tom put a bag _the apple tree and then he picked the apples _the tree.(6). 考点2专练：用at, in, on, to
8、, across, through, over, in front of, in the front of 填空1. I will arrive _ the airport_ London next Wednesday.2. Hunan is _ the south of China. But its _ the south of Hubei and _ the north of Hainan.3. There is a bridge _ the river. And he often walks _ the bridge to play with his friends. 4. At las
9、t he walked _ the forest and saw a village. 5. Can you see the oranges _ the tree? Just pick them and put them _ the bag _ the tree. 考点3. 其他常用的介词：(1). in与with的区别： 两者都表示“用”, in后接_/_/_等，且in和后面的名词之间一般没有其他词；with接具体手段与工具。且with与后面的名词之间一般有其他词。如： He told us the story_.他用英语给我们讲故事。(in 后直+English, 中间没其他词) Plea
10、se color this cloth_.请把这块布染成红色。 Kate wrote a letter _. 凯特用墨水写了这封信。 He hit my window _.他用石头砸我的窗。(with 和stone中间有词a)(2). 表交通方式的介词: 一般情况下用by+交通工具的单数名词。要是介词与交通工具的名词间有限定词，则介词不能用by, 要用相应的in 或者on。具体如下：by bus = onbus; by bike = on bike; by plane = onplane; by train = on train; by ship = on ship; by boat = in
11、 boat; by car = incar; by subway = in subway。如：(3). with和 without: with表示 “和一起，具有”等意思，without则表示 “没有” 等意思，与with 相反。如： China is a country _中国是一个历史悠久的国家 I want to go to the park _.我想和你去公园。 Fish will die _没有水鱼就会死。连 词一、概念：起连接_作用的词，是一种虚词，不独立充当句子成分。二、分类: -1并列连词：转折关系、因果关系、并列关系并列连词：but，and，or，so并列连词短语：neith
12、er.nor.，either.or.，not only.but also.，both.and. -2从属连词：当.的时候；在.之前/之后；自从；一.就从属连词：*表让步：_，even thoughif，whenever，whatever*表时间：_，as，before，after，untiltill，since，as soon as*表原因：_.*表条件：_.*表方式：as，as ifthough*表结果：_.*表目的：_.考点一并列连词和并列连词短语并列关系_和；与 I like Kobe and Yao Ming._. 和都 Both Tom and Jim are in China._.
13、不但而且-Not only you but also Bill is from the USA._既不也不-Neither Nick nor Ann likes the book.转折关系_但是 - I failed，but I wont give up._然而 - I like spring, while Tom likes winter.因果关系_因为 -Tom isnt here because he is ill._因此；所以 - I like the book, so I will buy it.选择关系_或者 -Do you like apples or pears?_. 或者或者
14、 -Either you or Tom is right，【拓展】（1）“祈使句or结果句”与“If you dont，youll.”同义，其中or意为“否则”。-Hurry up，or you will be late.If you hurry up，you wont be late._如果不快点，你就会迟到了。（2）but意为“但是”，用来表示转折关系，注意它不能与_连用。-I want to help you, but I really dont know what to do.-He tried hard to catch up with others, but he failed.（
15、3）so意为“所以；因此”，用来表示因果关系，注意它不能与_/_/_连用。-It was very late, so we decided to go home.-The rain began to fall, so we had to find a place to stay in.（4）for意为“因为”，表示原因，主要用来进行补充说明，没有因果关系。-I must be off now ,for its rather cold outside.-I soon fell asleep，for I was tired.我很快就睡着了，因为我太累了。（5）not onlybut also，ne
16、ithernor和either.or.连接两个主语时，谓语动词与_；both.and.连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用_；而as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词_在人称和数上要保持一致。1._Tom _Tim is going with you because one of them must stay at home.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Not only;but also2.We got so wetWe had _ umbrellas _ raincoats with us!A.either;orB.both;andC.neither
17、;norD.not only;but also3.Read the book Cute Pets，_ you will know how to take care of your cat.A.orB.soC.andD.but4.-Hurry up，dear！ _ we wont catch up with the train.-Dont worry! Time is still enough _ we can make it.A.And;orB.Or;butC.And;butD.Or;and考点二 从属连词时间when, whenever, as, while, before, after,
18、until, till, since, as soon as-I was watching TV when she came back.地点where, wherever-Bob would like to go wherever he likes.原因as, because, since-He isnt at school because he is ill.目的so that, in order that-I came here so that I can see her.结果so/such.that.-Its such a good movie that Id like to see i
19、t again.条件if, unless-We wont give it up unless we run out of time.让步although/though, even though, however, whatever-Although he is young, he knows a lot about China.比较 than, as.as.-My cousin is as old as me.方式as习 题 巩 固1. All of us helped to clean up the old peoples home _ Eric. He had a bad cold.A.
20、besides B. against C. except D. with2. I think washing hands every day is good_ our health. Yes, I agree _ you!A. to; to B. with ;to C. for; withD. at; with3. I enjoy talking with my classmates _ our way to school. A. onB. atC. inD. under4. Shall I help you the street, Grandpa? No, thanks. I can man
21、age it myself. A. onB. withC. acrossD. along5. Look, there is a cute bird, Mom. It flew into our kitchen the window just now, Alex. A. across B. through C. above D. under 6. How strange! You sit in your room for a long time, Li Ming. I just want to be quiet for a while. Im sorry, Dad. I failed the t
22、est again. A. in silenceB. in personC. in publicD. in fact7. Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a. m. the morning of June 7. A. at; inB. on; onC. on; inD. at; on8. Shall we stop and wait for others?Sounds good. I think they will catch up_ a few minutes. AduringBafterCforDi
23、n9. _ Jane_ her brother is going to the movies this weekend. One of them has to stay at home to look after their sick mother. A. Neither; nor B. Either; or C. Both; and D. Not only; but also10. Mary doesnt like fish _ chickenBen doesnt like fish, _he likes chicken very much.A. and; but B. or; but C.
24、 or, and D. and; or11.Nobody can hear you _you speak in a louder voice.A. unless B. if C. when D. after12. I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do?Be more active in class, _ you can improve your ability to express yourself.A. so that B. unless C. or D. although13. Whats the secret of s
25、uccess, Dr. Know? More time and effort, _ youll make it someday.A. yet B. or C. and D. but14. Whats the weather like in Kunming, Lucy?Its hot cold. So Kunming is called the Spring City.A. neither; norB. not only; but alsoC. either; orD. both; and15. Jim, lets go out to play basketball.Oh, I wont do
26、that_ I finish my homework.A. if B. until C. becauseD. since16.You need to practice speaking every day_ you hope to improve your spoken English.A.ifB.althoughC.unlessD.until17.I love to listen to rock music _ I am running.A.whileB.afterC.since D.until18.We were lucky yesterday. The bus left _ we got
27、 on it.A.beforeB.althoughC.untilD.as soon as19.Our headmaster asks us to watch news every day_ we can find out whats going on around the world.A.so thatB.even thoughC.in order toD.instead of20.The teacher still spoke very loudly _ he had a sore throat.A.so thatB.as soon asC.as long asD.even though易错
28、通关1.【江苏省淮安市】Our school basketball team will win the next match _ they practise more.A. ifB. beforeC. thoughD. while2.【上海市】Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park_she gets the ticketsAifBuntilCalthoughDunless3.【无锡市】I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, _ Im not completely sure.A. beca
29、useB. sinceC. thoughD. whether4.【徐州市】Were not very close friends_ weve known each other for a long time.A. untilB. althoughC. asD. if5.【扬州市】Lucy held her head up like a queen_ Bill was telling his tale.A. afterB. beforeC. whileD. until6.【镇江市】My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Fest
30、ival_ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.A. afterB. whenC. untilD. since7.【江西省】It was great in the end _ we had a terrible time at the beginning.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. although8.【沈阳市】_ Simon has done well in his studies, he still works really hard.A. SinceB. IfC. AlthoughD.
31、Unless9.【铁岭葫芦岛】_ she is very young, she can take good care of herself.A. IfB. UnlessC. SinceD. Although10.【青海省】I was still feeling hungry _ I had eaten some sandwiches.A. soB. thoughC. since11.【青岛市】In Chinese families, people wont start dinner _ the elders take their seats.A. afterB. whenC. becauseD
32、. until12.【山东日照】_ the traffic was heavy, we still got to the railway station on time.A. AsB. UnlessC. WhenD. Although13.【山西省】Swimming is, of course, interesting. But _ we plan to go swimming, being safe must come first.A. thoughB. whenC. unless14.【云南省】Excuse me. Where is the nearest hotel?Just go do
33、wn this road _ you see a library. Its across from it.A. untilB. becauseC. howeverD. though15.【安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.AifBasCunlessDthough16.【福建省】In some cities of China, youll get fined _ you dont walk along the crosswalk while crossing the road.AifBth
34、oughCuntil课后作业1 同义句转换，每空一词（含缩略词）。1.He went to sleep after eleven oclock.He_ go to sleep _ eleven oclock.2.Put on your coat, and youll feel very warm._ you put on your coat, _ feel very warm.3.He is too tired to go any farther.He is_ tired _ he cant go any farther.4.I will open the box if you dont le
35、t me know whats in it.I will open the box _ you _ _ _ whats in it.5.Tom is_ _ _ so clever that we all like him.Tom is _ _ _ boy that we all like him.II.用适当的连接词填空。1. _ he opened the window. a bird flew in.2.I havent heard from him _ he went abroad.3.He ran_ fast _ no one could catch him.4.Jenny will
36、not go swimming with us_ she is too busy.5.1I felt very sad_ the book was lost.6.Dont move-just stay_ you are!7. 1ll continue writing to her, _ she never answers.8.He explained clearly _ we could understand.9.Dont leave the classroom _ you finish the test.10.She sings_ she walks.11.He wont come to t
37、he party _ he is invited.12. _ she is only seven years old, she knows quite a lot.13. _ he is not old, his hair is turning grey.14.The teacher didnt begin his class _ all the students were seated15. _ James caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.16. _ you go to bed earlier, you wont feet tired in the morning.17.I was watching TV. _ my sister was listening to music.18.The classroom is not so clean _ it was yesterday.19.More and more foreigners are learning Chinese _ they can communicate well with the Chinese.20. _ I get to Guangzhou, I will write to you.14学科网（北京）股份有限公司