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1、高考英语阅读理解长难句分析First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order t
2、o be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。【简析】夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone
3、who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime.That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网
4、越来越多的使用。【简析】夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词just about几乎;overtime超时地。Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.或许，表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。【简析
5、】夹杂较复杂的句型结构，关键词promising有前途的。The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸，制成这种纸的原料不是木料，而是农业废料。【简析】关键词other than而不是。Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer unders
6、tood by native speakers.这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。【简析】关键词term术语。It is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers shelves.它是现在很畅销的许多外语书中的一本。【简析】比喻生动形象。The mass media and government white papers play an important part in the spread of foreign words.大众传播媒介和政府白皮书(正式报告)在外国词
7、传播过程中起重要作用。【简析】关键词the mass media and government white papers大众传播媒介和政府白皮书(正式报告)。Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who was a lively interest in their pet, whether it be a cat 、dog or snake!来自动物医院(这个电视节目)的故事(这本书)，将使这个电视节目的爱好者以及对无论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。【简析】关
8、键词fans 爱好者，whether.or.，无论是还是。Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.牛顿被证明是一位很有才华的科学家，他处于一个魔术终结科学开启的历史时期，他也有普通人所特有的弱点。【简析】夹杂两个定语从句。But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a
9、lot of them are still ending up on paper.但对于所有这些以电子手段记录，贮存及传递的文本而言，许多文本仍要(打印)在纸上。【简析】关键词text文本; end up最后成为(处于)。With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermounta
10、in Therapy Animals(ITA) in salt Lake City.据盐湖城的ITA的观点，闪烁的棕色眼睛，摇着尾巴，并有无条件的爱心，狗能成为无判断力的(忠实的)听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。【简析】夹杂with构成的介词短语及过去分词短语。The Salt Lake City public library is sold on the idea.这家盐湖城公共图书馆接受这个观点。【简析】关键词sell on (to)使接受。Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and settl
11、ed in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.这个岛屿，于1506年被同名的葡萄牙上将发现，在1810年有人居住，现在属于英国，人口数有几百人。【简析】有两个过去分词短语作状语。They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures,
12、 called moat, for which the island is most famous.他们已有一千多年与外界没有联系，这给他们充足的时间来修建1000多座巨大的石像，被称为莫艾，因为有这个东西这个岛屿极其出名。【简析】夹杂有现在分词短语，过去分词短语及定语从句。 Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10 and theyre very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject.我们的(生日)聚会针对两到十岁的小孩，它们互
13、动感强，富有创新，因为它们能基于一个主题构建一种戏剧的氛围。【简析】关键词aim for 针对;in that 在于。The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described here is that it brings parents and children closer together.在这里叙述的这种筹备(生日)聚会的计划所带有的最重要的观点在于它能让父母和孩子的关系更加密切。【简析】夹杂过去分词短语及表语从句。He had realized that the words: “one of six to e
14、ight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIIIs six wives.他曾认识到那本书里第一幅图画下面的那些词“一、六、八”在某些方面将这个野兔和阿拉甘的凯撒英，即亨利八世的六个妻子当中的第一个妻子，联系起来。【简析】夹杂宾语从句及过去分词短语。Until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill park and learnt that
15、they had been built in her honor in 1773.直到有一天他在阿帕斯尔公园碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬意。【简析】关键词come across碰巧遇见，in ones honor纪念某人。It is Sue Townsends musical play, based on her best-selling book.它是苏珊汤森德的音乐剧本，根据她畅销的小说改编的。【简析】关键词best-selling 畅销的。Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying
16、 into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.戈德是对有机食品感兴趣众多购买者当中的一位，遍及英国的超市依赖更多像他那样的购买者，因为他们要增加有机食品生意。【简析】关键词count on 依赖。Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good wa
17、y to use the earths space.地下发展的支持者说在地下搞建筑而不是在地上搞建筑是一种利用地球空间的办法。【简析】关键词rather than 而不是。Those who could were likely to name a woman.那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。【简析】省略句who could (name a best friend )承前省。In general, womens friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support, but mens rela
18、tionships are marked by shared activities.一般来说，女人相互的友谊基于相互分享情感和支持，但男人间的关系以共同参与社会活动为特征。【简析】关键词rest on 依靠。For the most part, interactions between men are emotionally controlled a good fit with the social requirements of“manly behavior”.就大部分而言，男人间的交往在感情上受控制，这与“男子汉气概” 的社会要求是相符合的。【简析】关键词for the most part
19、就大部分而言。Whereas a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasnt unusual to hear a man say he didnt know his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚姻;而听见一个
20、男人说直到他的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的。【简析】夹杂多种语法结构not unusual=usual; notuntil，直到才。Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.1066年以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两个主要语种的民族。【简析】倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。If this state of affairs had lasted, English
21、today would be close to German.如果这种情况延续下去的话，那么今天的英语将和德语很相近。【简析】含虚拟语气。28.We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which Shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the uppe
22、r-class Normans were doing most of the eating.我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。【简析】含对比。When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “Foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more diff
23、erent from English than French does.当美国人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加“陌生”，因为他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更加不同于英语。【简析】含比较级句型结构。Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.一些公司已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的销售关键，并且在他们的广告宣传中强调这一点。【简析】make
24、后接双宾语。After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure.在他们逗留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功，也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到一份证明，表明他们曾尝试过冒险。【简析】含两个分词短语，关键词state表明
25、。The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees, who can afford the new service, in other words, Shanghais car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人付得起这种新型服务，换句话说，上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要因为白
26、领工人人数的增加。【简析】关键词rest in 依赖。That you wont be for long means it wont be long before youll have to recycle your rubbish.你不会等很长时间,意味着过不了多久你就会回收你的垃圾。【简析】夹杂主语从句及宾语从句。These words, I have just made up, have to stand for thing and ideas that we simply cant think of.这些词，是我编造的，只是代表我们不能想到的事物和观念。【简析】关键词make up 编
27、造。Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations.设想未来有益于现在和将来的几代人。【简析】关键词picture活用为动词想象，设想。Decision thinking is not unlike poker it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.做决策像
28、打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。【简析】含较复杂的句型结构not unlike=like not onlybut also不仅而且The easy way out isnt always easiest.解决问题容易的办法并非总是最容易的。【简析】关键词the way out 解决问题的办法。The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and the fermenting yeast(酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as
29、though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.炙热的太阳导致面团面积加倍，酵母使面团的表面摆晃叹息，似乎它在呼吸，它看上去像某种来自外部空间的无名生物。【简析】比喻形象生动。After all, what lively children wouldnt settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through t
30、he other half of the day?毕竟，难道这些活泼可爱的孩子们不满足于半天搞普通教育的文化课，半天搞表演、唱歌、舞蹈等舞台训练吗?【简析】反问句式，语气强烈。 Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten wear his safety belta mistake 75% of the US population make every day.爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前赶回家，以便他能出去跑步，却忘记系安全带这是75%的美国人每天犯的一个错误。【简析】关键词for
31、a run去跑步。The summit was to mark the 25th anniversary(周年)of president Nixons journey to China, which was the turning point in China-US relations.这次高峰会是为了纪念尼克松总统访华25周年，尼克松访华是中美关系的转折点。【简析】关键词mark 纪念。Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out.很多问题是大学水平，这些小学生能够解答出来。【简析
32、】关键词be of college level 大学水平，figure out解决，解答。Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun, inside Which stands a 160- foottall Tree of Life.穿过屋顶矗立着太阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。【简析】含有两个倒装句。The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made.目前的问题是，很多人把其
33、实只要付诸努力就能做到的事情看成是做不到的。【简析】consider后的宾语后置。Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment, she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.她受过重罚，而且有病，可她却这样愉快，这样充满了信心，这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。【简析】含有让步状语从句及形容词短语作状语。Freed from
34、TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.如果他们从电视中的束缚中解脱出来，不得不自己安排活动，他们可能会全家驱车去看日落。【简析】含有两个过去分词短语。I went around to the front of the house, sat down on the steps, and, the crying over, I ached, And my father must have hurt, too, a little.我绕到房子的前面，坐在台
35、阶上，哭了一阵之后，我感到阵阵心痛，我的父亲心里肯定也有一点不好受。【简析】动作描写，情真意切。It covered the whole distance from brokenhearted misery to bursting happinesstoo fast.先是令人心碎的痛苦，继而是极度的喜悦，从一个极端到另一个极端变换得实在太快了。【简析】比喻形象生动。Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he contact by radio, unless the
36、re was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.他禁不住寻思起来，要是果真有什么意外，除非附近有条船，他用无线电能联系上的最近的人远在885英里以外的岛上。【简析】含虚拟语气。After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured, just as you choose to look at it.八十大寿，毕竟非同一般，不管怎么说你又活了十年，或者说熬了十年，是活还是熬，全在于你怎么看了。【简析】关键词endure (stand;
37、bear; put up with)忍受。News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.新闻报道说这两个国家的和平谈判失败,没有达成协议。【简析】关键词break down失败，reach an agreement达成协议。The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.这对老年夫妇结婚40年了，两人从
38、来没有一次争吵。【简析】含主谓倒装句。After all, Eds idea of exercise has always been nothing more effort-making than lifting a fork to his mouth.要记住的是，伊德搞锻炼的想法根本没有进餐使用刀叉那么费力。【简析】含比较级句型。As a result , at the point in our game when Id have figured on (predicted) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor , it was instead
39、7 to 9 and Ed was leading.就在我们比赛之前，我曾预料这场比赛对我有利，比分大概是9比1，结果比分反而是7比9，伊德暂时领先。【简析】关键词figure on预计，估计;in ones favor对某人有利。So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice , I was so surprised that I was speec
40、hless , my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.因此当伊德来参加我们的比赛时,我发现他不仅将衬衫的底部扎进裤里,而且几乎注意不到他的肚子,我感到很惊奇,以致无话可说,我的表弟过去一定努力把自己训练好,保持很好的竞技状态。【简析】含有not onlybut also及sothat的句型结构，must have P.P表示对过去事实的推测。In a way , I think we both won : I the game , but cousin Ed my respect.在一定程度上，我认为我们都赢了
41、，我赢得了这次比赛，伊德表弟赢得了我的尊重。【简析】承前省略谓语动词won。It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.据说在澳大利亚土地太多以致政府不知道怎么去处理。【简析】含比较级句型。The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.这项研究设计得如此好以致一旦开始任何事都不可能改变它。【简析】夹杂过去分词短语once begun。The mother d
42、idnt know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.妈妈不知道谁应该受责备，因为打破玻璃这件事是她不在家里的时候发生的。【简析】关键词be to blame受责备。When I was in the army I received an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and , against an average of 100 , scored 160.当我在军队服役时，我曾接受过所有战士都参加的智力测试,与平均分100分相比，我得了16
43、0分。【简析】关键词against 与相比较。We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well我们原不是那样计划艺术展览的，但出来的结果却很好。【简析】关键词work out 结果是The home improvements have taken what little there is of my spare time .房子装修花费我的闲暇时间不多。【简析】句型结构little of的用法。例:We see very little of our children (we do not see the
44、m often) now that they are grown up.孩子们已经长大了，所以我们现在很少见到他们。Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.这条河流已经遭受很重的污染，现在要清理为时太晚。【简析】含tooto句型及现在分词的完成式。Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ordinary animal tracks , which had been made larger as
45、they melted and refroze in the snow.大多数人相信这些脚印只是普通动物的足迹，这些足迹由于在雪里融化再结冰而变大了。【简析】关键词nothing more than only。But if they ever succeed in catching one, they may face a real problem: would they put it in a zoo or give it a room in a hotel?但若他们真的抓住一个“雪人”的话，那么他们可能面临一个现实问题：他们会把它放进动物园，还是在一个旅馆里给它一个房间呢?【简析】含选择疑
46、问句型。With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.产量增长了60%，公司又经历了一个极好的年头。【简析】含with构成的介词短语。The WTO cannot live up to its name if it dose not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.世贸组织如果没有一个占世界五分之一人口的大国加入的话，那么它就不能名副其实。【简析】关键词live up to ones name 名副其实。It is the
47、ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.重要的是你做这件工作的能力，而不是你来自什么地方，或是你是什么身份。【简析】强调句型It is +强调部分+that / who+从句。How could I ever get him to finish unloading the car without screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, who I would have to spend the re
48、st of the year with?我怎么才能让父亲卸完车上的行李而不向我大喊大叫，在其他女孩子面前出洋相呢?我还要和这些女孩一起度过以后的日子。【简析】关键词make a scene 大吵大闹，出洋相。Dads face turned decidedly less red before he could bring out a “yes”.父亲在说出一声“是”之前,脸终于没有先前那么红了。【简析】迂回表达，心情如释重负。Soon I heard a sound like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet.很快我听到好象是门被撞进的声音，接着是一阵上楼的脚步声。【简析】that替代前而的sound。Father took the still smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the go