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1、必修一 U5 Into the Wild 【学习目标】1掌握第五单元单词和相应的变形。2复习并掌握限制性定语从句关系副词的用法。趣味导入：l Have you travelled to anwhere that is far from the town, the forest or the desert?l Tell us about something new about the wild.l Can you make some suggestions on how to protect the wildlife, give some examples.知识点精析The Monarchs J
2、ourneyMany animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year.This annual movement is called migration.They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.Every autum
3、n, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow they manage to travel around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico.However, until recently no one knew (1)how they did this.A team of scientists(2) led by Pr
4、ofessor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two pieces of informationthe time of day and the point (3)where the sun is in the skyallow th
5、e butterfly to determine the way to go.Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.The solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing ability comes at a time (4)when it is in serious trouble.Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.Sad
6、ly, human activity is the main reason (5)why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment.They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants (6)that monarch caterpillars eat.The research on
7、the monarchs behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure (7)that there are enough plants for it to feed on.If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.(8
8、)The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.文章翻译：许多动物都会在每年的特定时间从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种一年一度的行为叫做“迁徙”。它们为了觅食、寻找伴侣或温暖的环境而迁徙。自然界中最壮观的迁徙之一是北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙。每年秋天，数百万这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开始漫长而艰辛的旅程。它们总是设法完成大约4000公里的南行之旅，
9、成功到达加利福尼亚或墨西哥。然而，直到最近人们才明白它们是如何做到的。一支由伊莱史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。他们发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断时间，并能用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。这两条信息一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置让黑脉金斑蝶判定前进方向，最终成功抵达过冬的地点。黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭晓时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。其数量在近几年内减少了百分之九十之多。可悲的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正破坏着那里的自然环境。他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的
10、研究也使得人们对这种生物有了更多的认识。人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能会再次回升。我们对这个可爱的生物了解越多，它们在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其地位的可能性就越大。(1)how引导的宾语从句作knew的宾语，how在从句中作方式状语。(2)过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰scientists。(3)where引导定语从句，修饰先行词point，在从句中作地点状语。(4)when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，在从句中作时间状语。(5)why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在从句中作原因状语。(6)that引导定语
11、从句，修饰先行词plants，在从句中作宾语。(7)that引导宾语从句，作make sure的宾语。(8)此处为“the比较级., the比较级.”句式，意为“越就越”。1.seek v.寻找；寻求They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather.(教材P50)它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，寻找伴侣，或者寻找更温暖的天气。【例题】Seeking for too much fame made him unpopular.Now a number of college graduates are seek
12、ing to_get (get) a high-paid job.Many people spend years seeking_(for)_peace_of_mind,_often with little success.很多人年复一年地寻求心灵的平静，却很难如愿以偿。用法总结seek (for) sth寻找/追求某物seek out 找出；搜出seek to do sth 设法做某事2.measure vt.量，测量；评估vi.有长/宽n.尺寸；措施【例题】Education shouldnt be_measured (measure) only by examination result
13、s.The government has taken measures to_bring (bring) down the high prices of house.In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, will be completed next month.用法
14、总结make.to ones measure 按照某人的尺寸做(衣服等)take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事【拓展】measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词；而作“措施”讲时，为可数名词，通常用复数形式。表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。3.position n.位置；职位，地位；姿势；状况，处境(教材P50)写出下列句中position的含义Can you find our position on this map？位置My husband has a good position in
15、 a government office.职位Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.姿势What would you do if in my position？状况，处境The books are all out of position.Put them back in position.这些书放的位置不对，把它们放在适当的位置。At present she holds the position of sales manager in a large company.现在她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务。【例题】We
16、are now in a good position where all is in our hands.The chairs are all out of position.We should move them away.用法总结in a.position 处于的地位/处境in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置hold the position of 担任的职务【拓展】position作先行词时，其后的定语从句多由where引导；在in/out of position短语中，position是不可数名词，前面不可用冠词。4.determine v.测定，确定；决定，决心T
17、hese two pieces of informationthe time of day and the point where the sun is in the skyallow the butterfly to determine the way to go.(教材P5051)【例题】If we are not careful, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined，super and intelligent machines.Chinese players have the determi
18、nation to win more gold medals in the next Olympic Games.单词一族determined adj.有决心的；果断的determination n. 决心，决定用法总结determine to do sth 决心做某事(表动作)determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表状态)5.amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的The solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing ability comes a
19、t a time when it is in serious trouble.(教材P51)帝王斑蝶令人惊叹的能力之谜在它陷入严重困境之际得到了解决。【例题】I find it amazing that you dont know about Jay Chou.It amazed me to learn that the sixteen-year-old boy should be a computer expert.When he heard someone calling his name, he looked back in amazement.补全句子We were_amazed_to
20、_find that no one was hurt.我们很惊讶地发现没有人受伤。单词一族amaze vt.使吃惊amazed adj. 感到惊奇的amazement n. 惊讶用法总结(1)be amazed at/by 对很惊奇be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇(2)(much) to ones amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是in amazement 惊讶地；惊奇地【拓展】amazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“(人)感到吃惊的”，有时也可修饰look/expression/s
21、mile/tears/voice等词。6.survive vi.活下来；幸存vt.幸免于；从中逃生(教材P51)【例题】The mans survival was surprising，as the doctors thought he would die.Its hard for my family to survive on 40 a week.Many birds didnt survive_the_cold_winter (在寒冷的冬天活下来).单词一族survival n.幸存survivor n. 幸存者用法总结survive sb by. 比某人多活survive on sth.
22、 靠继续维持生活survive from 从存活下来；从流传下来拓展survive作不及物动词，后跟介词from或on构成短语；作为及物动词，表示“幸存”时，宾语为地震、事故、袭击、疾病、霜冻等名词；表示“比某人长命”时，以人作宾语。7.effect n.影响，结果Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.(教材P52)【例题】The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism on the wildlife in the area
23、.Playing table tennis makes me more energetic and effective(effect) in my study.We want to know whether the drug has_an_effect_on peoples health.我们想知道这药对人们的健康是否有影响。单词一族effective adj.有效的用法总结have an effect on 对有影响/起作用come into effect 生效，开始实施take effect 开始起作用，见效1.cut down砍倒；削减，减少They cut down trees and
24、 use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.(教材P51)他们砍伐树木，使用能够杀死帝王斑蝶幼虫赖以为生的植物的化学品。【例题】Dont cut in when others are talking.We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.Please cut the apple up into equal pieces.Tom has been asked to have the tree cut down.短语记牢cut i
25、n 插入，插嘴 cut off 切断；使隔绝 cut up 切碎2.lead to引起；导致；通向The research on the monarchs behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this creature.(教材P51)然而，对帝王斑蝶行为的研究使人们对这种生物有了更好的认识。【例题】His carelessness led to him losing (lose) the good chance.Could you do me a favor and lead me to the bus station?Her
26、 constant lying led me to_distrust (distrust)everything she said.众所周知，条条大路通罗马。As_we_all_know/As_is_known_to_all,_all_roads_lead_to_Rome.短语记牢lead sb to do sth 使得某人去做某事lead sb to. 带领某人去名师提醒含介词to的动词短语还有：(1)be used to 习惯于(2)pay attention to 注意(3)look forward to 期望，盼望(4)refer to 提到，谈到，参考The more we know
27、about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive.(教材P51)我们对这个精美的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会越大。【分析】 “the比较级，the比较级”结构的用法：(1)“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。(2)前一个“the比较级”通常相当于比较状语从句或条件状语从句，后一个“the比较级”通常相当于主句。(3)在通常情况下，如果主、从句中的谓语动词是系动词be，而且主语不是代词，be常省略。【拓展】 “比较级and比较级”
28、表示“越来越”。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。The taller the tree (is), the stronger the wind (is).树大招风。With summer coming, the day is becoming longer and longer.随着夏天的到来，白天变得越来越长。【例题】The_more_books you read, the_more_knowledge youll gain.你读的书越多，你就会获得越多的知识。He is more_an
29、d_more_independent as he grows up.随着他长大，他越来越独立了。The more，the_better.多多益善。【基础练习】Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage 1.to_travel (travel) around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to places 2.where they will spend the winter.A team of scientists 3.led (lead)
30、by Professor Eli Schlizerman at the University of Washington has found that the monarch is able to tell the time of the day and then uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine (determine) the way to go.The solution5. to the myste
31、ry of the monarchs amazing ability comes at a time 6. when its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years.7.sadly (sad), human activity is the main reason 8.why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.The research on the monarchs behaviour 9.has led(lead) to however
32、a greater10. awareness (aware)of this creature.The more we know about these lovely creatures, the greater the chance they will survive.【强化练习】Seen from space, the earth is a pale blue dot._1_ But most of that wateraround 97%is salty.Of the 3% that is fresh water which is man needs to drink, wash, mak
33、e things and produce food.In short, useful water is too little, while the useless kind is too much.So why is the sea salty?The salt in the ocean mostly got there as the result of a process called weathering (侵蚀), which takes mineral salts from rocks on land into the sea._2_ It contains small amounts
34、 of carbon dioxide absorbed from the air.This makes rainwater very slightly acidic (酸性的).When rainwater falls on land, some minerals melt from rocks into the water, separating into charged particles called ions (离子).These ions then travel along with the water into streams, rivers and eventually into
35、 the ocean.Many of these mineral ions are removed from the sea water by sea plants and animals, but others remain in the water.Over 90% of the ions in sea water, accounting for about 3% of the ocean by weight, are sodium and chlorine ions._3_ Therefore, the sea water is salty._4_ It makes some wet p
36、arts of the world wetter and dry parts drier.So demand for fresh water will increase in the coming years.Half the worlds population is expected to live in water-stressed areas by 2050.Better water-management policies and more water-efficient agricultural practices are needed.Improvements to desalina
37、tion (脱盐) technology would help too._5_“If we could get fresh water from salt water in a cheaper way，” said President John F.Kennedy in 1961, “that would be in the long interest of man.”A.Rain is not pure water.B.Climate change causes “global drying”.C.Two-thirds of its surface is covered by water.D
38、.They are the chemical parts of common salt.E.It carries water away while leaving minerals behind.F.This would allow mankind to use salty water more conveniently.G.However，the salt in the oceans becomes more and more concentrated.【语篇解读】本文主要解释了海水咸的原因。1.C根据前面的“the earth is a pale blue dot”和后面的“But mos
39、t of that wateraround 97%is salty”可知，C项“地球三分之二的表面被水覆盖”符合语境。2.A根据后面的“carbon dioxide absorbed from the air”和rainwater可知，雨水不是纯水，而是携带了少量从空气中吸收的二氧化碳；这使得雨水有非常轻微的酸性。3.D根据前面的“sodium and chlorine ions”和后面的“Therefore，the sea water is salty”可知，其九成为钠离子和氯离子，此乃食盐的化学成分，故海水是咸的。4.B根据后面的“wet parts of the world wetter
40、 and dry parts drier”可知，气候变化带来的“全球干旱”，使得湿润的地方更湿润，干旱的地方更干旱，淡水短缺现象会进一步恶化。5.F根据前面的“Improvements to desalination(脱盐) technology would help too”和后面的“get fresh water from salt water”可知，对海水淡化技术进行改进也十分有必要，这会让人类更方便地利用海水。.完形填空There was once a bat(蝙蝠) who thought it was just a terrible amount of effort to go o
41、ut and catch flies.He was a lover of _1_.One day，when he _2_look through a window，he saw a bird in its _3_， who was given all its food and water _4_ having to do anything at all.The bat decided to become a childs _5_.So the bat _6_ his all old habits.He got up in the early morning to fly to parks _7
42、_he could be found by some child who might _8_him as a pet.However，as bats arent _9_， the children paid him little attention.The bat decided to _10_his appearance(外表).He stuck lots of feathers(羽毛) to his body._11_，he met a little boy who was so short-sighted that this _12_black little birds funny ap
43、pearance didnt really matter.The bat was _13_in his cage.There he felt like the _14_of all bats，and certainly the cleverest.But that _15_lasted only up to the time he started feeling _16_.When he wanted to _17_，there were no flies for him，only plenty of birdseed and cereal he didnt like at all.Final
44、ly，the bat chose to die from hunger and _18_ to eat that bird food.Some days later，the bat managed to _19_the cage and return home.He was so_20_that he didnt tell anyone what had happened.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一只想当宠物的蝙蝠的故事。1.A.peace B.nature C.comfort D.trouble答案C由蝙蝠认为出去找食物是件很辛苦的事和它羡慕笼中鸟的生活可知，这只蝙蝠贪图“安逸(
45、comfort)”。2.A.used to B.seemed toC.had to D.happened to答案D有一天，这只蝙蝠“碰巧(happened to)”看到笼子里的鸟。3.A.cage B.house C.room D.forest答案A由下文的in his cage可知。4.A.with B.by C.without D.for答案C笼中鸟“不用(without)”做任何事就可以得到食物和水。5.A.pet B.friend C.owner D.toy答案A由下文的who might _ him as a pet可知，蝙蝠想成为小孩的“宠物(pet)”。6.A.loved B.
46、changedC.formed D.finished答案B蝙蝠本是夜间活动的动物，根据下文的He got up in the early morning to fly to parks可知，蝙蝠“改变(changed)”了原有的生活习惯。7.A.and B.but C.or D.so答案D蝙蝠早上飞到公园是为了让小孩发现他，故此处选用so。8.A.teach B.keep C.sell D.buy答案B由as a pet可知，小孩也许会把蝙蝠当宠物来“饲养(keep)”。9.A.brave B.bigC.busy D.attractive答案D由下文的the children paid him little attention可知，蝙蝠没有“吸引力(attractive)”。10.A.cover B.save C.improve D.forget答案C由下文的He stuck lots of feathers(羽毛) to his body可知，蝙蝠决定“改善(improve)”它的外表。11.A.Usually B.SadlyC.Luckily D.Hopelessly答案C蝙蝠被一个小男孩饲养，由此可知是“幸运地(Luckily)”。12.A.well-known B.strange-lookingC.hard-working D.kind-hearted答案B由fu