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1、兰州一中2015-2016-1高三年级第一次月考 英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分第I卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A The writings of Shakespeare are today little read by young people in Britain. His young readership is limited to those who choose to study literature at university. Shakesp
2、eares work, together with most other classics, is seen as remote, and written in a 400-year-old version of English that is about as inviting as toothache. Still, in Britain schools, it is compulsory to study the bard (诗人), and when something is made compulsory, usually the result is boredom, resentm
3、ent (憎恨)or both. This was my experience of the classics at school. But when I reached my late teenage years, I had a change of heart. Like every other young person since the dawn of time, the world confused me. I wanted answers, so I turned to books to find them. I went on to take a PhD in literatur
4、e and have taught it in Britain and China. I have never regretted it. There is something in literature that people want, even if they dont read books. You see this in the popularity of TV and movie adaptations of great works, the recent film version of Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice being a case i
5、n point. These popular adaptations may help increase peoples interest in the classics. Reading a simplified Romeo and Juliet may perhaps lead to a reading of Shakespeares actual play. If that is the case, then I welcome the trend. But do not make the mistake of thinking that it is the same thing. Sh
6、akespeare is a poet. His greatness is in his language. Reading someone elses rewriting of his work is like peeling a banana, throwing away the fruit, and eating the skin. Take on the original. It really is worth the effort.1. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The language u
7、sed in classics is no longer in use today. B. British students usually find compulsory reading dull. C. Only those studying literature read Shakespeares works. D. For British people, Shakespeares works are no longer classics.2. According to the passage, the writer _. A. has liked literary classics s
8、ince an early age B. was forced to read the classics for a PhD C. turned to literature to seek answers in his teens D. thinks only people who read books like literature3. The popularity of TV and movie adaptations of great works may help people _. A. learn more about tradition B. get a PhD in litera
9、ture C. seek their answers about the world D. become more interested in the classics4. The underlined phrase “a case in point” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “_”. A. a great hit B. a good example C. a movie adaptation D. a popular phenomenon5. What does the writer intend to tell us in the l
10、ast paragraph? A. The fruit of a banana is more useful than its skin. B. The rewriting trend does more harm than good. C. Readers should try to read the original versions. D. Readers need to learn the language in the classics.B For Kim LeBlanc, knowing that her son Tylers organs, eyes and other tiss
11、ues have given life or healing to others is helping her cope with the loss of her child, who was struck by a truck in Guelph on May 31. Tyler was believed to have been texting a friend when he stepped onto a high-traffic road against the green light and was struck by the truck. Then he was sent to a
12、 Hamilton hospital. Surgery was performed to ease the pressure in his brain, but .the family was told he would not recover. “With all of his injuries, I just prayed all night for a miracle. And I was granted a miracle, but not in the way Id expected,” says LeBlanc, her voice choked by emotion. The f
13、amily decided to donate Tylers organs, a choice she believes her kind and considerate son would have made on his own. Its also a choice that transplant programs wish would be made more often, because the need for donor organs is far more than the supply worldwide. More than 1,500 people in Ontario a
14、re on the waiting list for life-saving organs, and one dies every day because an organ has not become available in time. Across Canada, the gap between donations and the need for organs continues to widen. At the end of 2010, more than 4,400 Canadians were on the waiting list for donor organs, inclu
15、ding 3,362 needing a kidney. That year, 229 died before the organs they needed became available. LeBlanc recalls the morning when her son was taken off life support and his organs were removed. Despite living what she calls a parents absolute worst nightmare, LeBlanc says she has got the strength to
16、 bear such an unbearable loss. “Hes still there. Hes still living. And hes still breathing. And hes brought so much joy to families,” she says. “Hes my hero. He really is my hero.”6. Tyler was struck by the truck mainly because_. A. he broke the traffic rule B. he was talking with his friends C. the
17、 truck ignored him D. the truck ran at a high speed7. The figures in paragraph 4 show that _. A. more people begin to donate their organs B. more people are dying during organ transplant operations C. many people dont know how to donate their organs D. many people are in great need of organ transpla
18、nt worldwide8. It is implied in the last paragraph that _. A. LeBlanc was desperate about Tylers death B. LeBlanc will never forget Tylers contribution C. LeBlanc felt relieved with Tylers organ donated D. LeBlanc has never thought that Tyler will be a heroC Nowadays more and more people are talking
19、 about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a non-spe
20、cific but stable change. For many people, the high-tech production raises all kinds, of environmental, ethical(伦理的), health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature. In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They we
21、re first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the US last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic geni
22、e is out of the bottle. However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In
23、 developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and under fed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the worlds population reached 6 billion. The UN states t
24、hat nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age dont have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats. As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness. How can biot
25、ech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food
26、 shortage are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.9. The passage mainly talks about _. A. the worlds food problem B. the development in biotech C. the genetically modified foods D. the way to solve food shortage10. According to the passage, GM foods _. A. will r
27、eplace naturally grown foods B. are far better than naturally grown foods C. may help to solve the problem of poor nutrition D. can cause serious trouble in developing countries11. The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.” in paragraph 2 probably means that _. A. GM foods are
28、 available everywhere B. the technology in producing GM foods is advanced C. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powers D. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets12. Whats the writers attitude towards GM foods? A. Enthusiastic. B. Cautious. C. Disapproving. D. Unbelievabl
29、e.D If you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even grumpier. Scientists have identified a sleepless elitea small group of people for whom a lie-in is a waste of time. Rather than being tired and bad-tempered underachievers, they
30、are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get by on just four of five hours of shut-eye a night. If that is not tiring enough, they tend to be able to hold down two jobs at the sane time, and breeze through their extra-long days without needing caffeine pick-me-up
31、s or catnaps. Working out how the gene cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get by on a few hours sleep a night, just one to three people in 100 qualify to be part of the
32、 sleepless elite. The research team is now appealing to members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. University of California researcher Ying-Hui Fu said, “My long-term goal is to someday learn enough so that we can control the sleep pathways without damaging our heal
33、th.” “Everybody can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies.” Many of those have already volunteered to share fascinating characteristics. They are thinner than the average, relentlessly upbeat (enthusiastic) and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks
34、. Researcher Dr Christopher Jones told the Wall Street Journal, “Typically, at the end of a long-structured phone interview, they will admit they have been testing and surfing the Internet and doing crossword puzzles at the same time, on less than six hours of sleep.”13. We can infer from the second
35、 paragraph that a sleepless elite is _. A. a group of people who always have a phenomenon of sleeplessness every day B. those who are not willing to sleep long but always energetic, outgoing and optimistic C. a group of people for whom a lie-in is a pleasure of killing time D. those who have no time
36、 for a good sleep because of their busy work14. Ying-Hui Fus research is intended to _. A. control peoples sleep pathways B. make medicine to cure the sleeplessness C. work continuously without any sleep D. control a sleepless elites genes15. A sleepless elite has the following things in common exce
37、pt _. A. great energy B. tough mind C. being much thinner D. high tolerance第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余项。 16 : less red meat and more fibre, less saturated fat (饱和脂肪) and more fruit and vegetables, right? Wrong, according to a controversial new book by nutritionist Zo
38、e Harcombe. In the book, Harcombe charts her careful journey of research into studies that underpin (巩固) dietary adviceand her myth(误区)breaking conclusions are surprising.Myth: 17 . “Real fat is not bad for us,” says Harcombe. Its man-made fats that we should be demonizing. Why do we have this idea
39、that meat is full of saturated fat? In a 100g pork chop, there is 2.3g of unsaturated fat and 1.5g of saturated fat.Myth: We should eat more fibre. For three decades, we have eaten fibre into our bodies to help us feel full and keep our digestive systems moving. 18 , says Harcombe. The advice to eat
40、 more fibre is put forward along with the theory that we need to clean our digestive systems. But essential minerals are absorbed from food while it is in the intestines(肠道), so why do we want to wash everything out? Concentrate on not putting bad food in.Myth: You need to eat five portions of fruit
41、 and vegetables a day. “Five-a-day is the most well-known piece of nutritional advice,” says Harcombe. “Youd think it was based on firm evidence of health benefit. 19 .” Five-a-day started as a marketing campaign by 25 fruit and vegetable companies and the American National Cancer Institute in 1991.
42、 There was no evidence for any cancer benefit.Myth: Fruit and vegetables are the most nutritious things to eat. Apparently not. Harcombe allows that vegetables are a great addition to the dietif served in butter to deliver the fat-soluble(dissolved) vitamins they containbut natural sugar in fruit, g
43、oes straight to the liver and is stored as fat. 20 , says Harcombe, who adds, “Vitamins and minerals in animal foodsmeat, fish, eggs and dairy productsbeat those in fruit.”A. Want to lose weight? Dont trust theseB. We think we know what to eatC. This is not a good ideaD. Fat is bad for usE. Think ag
44、ainF. We need to take more exerciseG Fruit is best avoided by those trying to lose weight第二部分 完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分） Do you know insurance? Buying insurance is a 21 by which people can protect themselves 22 large losses. Protection against fire is one kind of insurance. Large numbers of people pay 23 s
45、ums of money to an insurance company. Although thousands of people have paid for fire insurance, only 24 will lose their homes by fire. The insurance company will pay for these homes out or the sums of money it has 25 . The first modern fire insurance company was 26 in London, England in 1666. A gre
46、at fire had just 27 most of the city, and people wanted protection against 28 losses. The first company 29 rapidly. Soon other companies were founded in other areas. Benjamin Franklin helped form the first fire insurance company in America in 1752. He also 30 a new kind of insurance for 31 . The new
47、 insurance would offer protection against the loss of crops 32 storms. In 1795, Benjamin Franklin helped start 33 new insurance company in America. This company, 34 offered life insurance, collected some money 35 from many different men. 36 a man died, his family was given a large sum of money. Toda
48、y, this company is 37 in business. Over the years, people have 38 from many new kinds of insurance when they have suffered from 39 accidents as car and plane crashes. 40 , almost everyone has some kind of insurance.21.A. way B. firmC. considerationD. means22.A. fromB. againstC. withD. beyond来源:学科网23.A. smallB. h