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1、Passage 5 （2020天津A） Your student ID card identifies you as a student at the University of Bolton. It will provide you with access to University facilities such as University Libraries, Sports Centre, and Computing Services. Please carry your card with you at all times. Do not lose your card or lend
2、it to others. Your card is valid during the whole time of your studies. It remains the property（财产）of the University of Bolton at all times.New studentsphotographsYou will be requested to upload a passport sized photograph as part of the online registration process. This should be a jpg file with a
3、size of no more than 1 MB. Your photograph should be a portrait image in proportion（比例）to a 64 portrait photograph. It should be taken in colour and must not have been beautified with image filters（滤光镜）.Your student ID card will be provided to you by your department during Welcome Week. Please be aw
4、are that you will not receive this smart card during Welcome Week if you do not upload your image online by 4 September 2020.Replacement cardsIf your student ID card no longer works or has been damaged, or if you have changed your personal or programme details, you should call into the Student Admin
5、istration Centre （SAC） to request a new one. Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced free of charge.If your card has been reported to the Police as stolen, please also call into the SAC to request a replacement, bringing with you a copy of you
6、r Police Crime Report paperwork. Your card will be produced free of charge.If your card has been lost, a fee of 5 is charged for the production of a replacement card. You are requested to use our online payment service.Note: Replacement cards will be available for you to collect seven working days a
7、fter making the request. As a security measure, you are requested to collect your card in person at the SAC. 36. Which of the following is a function of the student ID card?A. To remind students to protect public property.B. To enable students to use resources in the library.C. To help students demo
8、nstrate their computer skills.D. To provide information about campus facilities.37. To meet the requirements of the photograph on the student ID card, a new student should upload_.A. an image saved as a PDF file.B. a colour picture of their passport.C. a photo beautified by a photographer.D. a portr
9、ait photograph of proper proportion.38. In which case does a student have to pay for the replacement of the student ID card?A. The theft of the card has been officially proved.B. The card holder has changed his or her major.C. The card dropped off into a lake by accident.D. The card fails to work pr
10、operly.39. To collect your replacement card, you should_.A. fetch it at the SAC personallyB. go through a security check firstC. call the police station in advanceD. wait for seven days before getting it.【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A【解析】本文是说明文。Bolton大学介绍了学生证的作用，办理和使用学生证过程中需要注意的问题和处理办法。36. 细节理解题。根据第一段“
11、Your student ID card identifies you as a student attheUniversity of Bolton. It will provide you with access to University facilities such as University Libraries,Sports Centre,and Computing Services.”可知，学生证表明你是Bolton大学的学生。它将为您提供访问大学设施，如大学图书馆、体育中心和计算服务的机会。即学生证可以让学生使用图书馆的资源。故选B。37. 细节理解题。根据New student
12、s-photographs部分的“This should be a jpg file with a size of no more than 1 MB. Your photograph should be a portrait imageinproportion(比例)to a 64 portrait photograph.”学校对学生证照片大小、比例的要求，可知新生需要上传适当比例的肖像照片，故选D。38. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“If your card has been lost,a fee of 5 is charged fortheproduction of a replacem
13、ent card.”可知如果学生证丢失，补新卡需要支付5英镑的费用。由此判断出，选项C：卡片不小心掉到湖里去了，属于丢失，应该支付补卡费用。故选C。39. 细节理解题。根据最后一句“As a security measure,you are requested to collect your cardinperson attheSAC.”可知为了安全起见，应该亲自去SAC领取学生证。故选A。Passage 6 （2020浙江B）The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally dont
14、 flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the
15、timing of the signals changes.That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant
16、 declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed, ” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.For all of Bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for
17、jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “
18、Its not going to fix everything, but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities,” he says.In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads,
19、 says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Increased length of green lights.
20、B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.C. Flexible timing of traffic signals.D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.26. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?A. They work better on broad roads.B. They should be used in other cities.C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.D. They are less
21、helpful in cities seriously jammed.27. What can we learn from Bellevues success?A. It is rewarding to try new things.B. The old methods still work today.C. I pays to put theory into practice.D. The simplest way is the best way.【答案】25. C26. D27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国华盛顿州的Bellevue采用了能随交通状况而调节交通灯时间的适应性信号
22、灯，大大缓解了交通压力，也表明人们对于交通阻塞问题不再只是拓宽道路，而是能够采用新方法。25. 指代猜测题。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段内容尤其是第一段最后一句“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C项。26. 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中“adaptive sig
23、nals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways(但自适应信号并不是解决拥堵道路的万能药)”及第二句中“others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference(其他城市交通堵塞如此严重，只有减少道路上的车辆才能起有意义的作用) ”可推知，Kevin Balke认为适应性信号灯对于交通堵塞很严重的城市没有太大帮助。故选D项。27. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“These ligh
24、ts, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.(这些灯，被称为适应性信号灯，已经大大减少了通勤的麻烦和花费)”最后一段第一句“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.(在Bellevue，对适应性信号灯的转变是一个在欢迎新方法的
25、价值方面的榜样)”可推知，从Bellevue的成功中可以得出，尝试新事物是值得的。故选A项。Passage 7 （2020全国新高考B） Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first
26、 in her large family to earn a bachelors degree.Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(
27、学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better s
28、upport her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer recei
29、ved great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve
30、 her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers, she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer
31、 is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and thats pretty powerful.4. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She supported herself through college.D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.5. Wh
32、y did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield?A. To take care of her kids easily.B. To learn from the best nurses.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her time with f
33、amily.C. Her reputation.D. Her chance of promotion.7. What can we learn from Jenifers story?A. Time is money.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Hard work pays off.D. Education is the key to success.【答案】4. C5. A6. B7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩
34、毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。4. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。
35、C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。5. 细节理解题。根据第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with he
36、r kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids an
37、d missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B. Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和Ho
38、wever, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and thats the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励-这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。