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1、山东省2022届高三英语下学期三月诊断训练（一模） 试题（本试卷共8页，共四部分；全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟）注意事项：1答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号3非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe vast
2、Caspian Sea, though sometimes classed as a lake, is the largest landlocked body of water in the world. The gateway between Europe and Asia, it is bordered by Iran to the south, Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Turkmenistan to the east, while Kazakhstas Mangystau region lies to the northeast. Ma
3、ny visitors crowd to Caspian Sea every year to experience its beautyFISHINGFishing is a popular pastime and important industry throughout the waters of the Caspian Sea. From the shores of Mangystau in Kazakhstan, it is possible to rent fishing boats or join fishing tours to spend a day fishing on th
4、e water.SAILINGThe Caspian Sea is filled with boats, ferries and ships. It is a popular way to travel from other major port cities such as Baku in Azerbaijan to Aktau, or down the mighty Volga Canal. Meanwhile, on a smaller scale, boats can be rented from Aktau for a day on the water.WATERSPORTSThe
5、beaches of Mangystau, lapped by the waters of the Caspian Sea, are the jumping off points for many popular water sports. In the summer months especially, visitors enjoy sunbathing and taking a refreshing dip, while more active holidaymakers can windsurf and parasail to their hearts delight.1. How ma
6、ny countries are there circling around the Caspian sea?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.2. What can you do if you want to fish on the Caspian Sea?A. Buy your own boat.B. Employ a local fisher.C. Rent a fishing boat.D. Buy fish on the boat.3. What will you do if you are an adventurous person?A. Go
7、swimming. B. Go diving. C. Go sunbathing. D. Go windsurfing.BThe juries(陪审团) entered.I stood beside the lawyer and my brother, Jimmy. It reminded me of our childhoodas things often didwhen we played the game “Simon Says”, we would react at the same time in harmony when hearing all kinds of orders, “
8、Simon says jump, Simon says touch your toes”it was almost the same. Almost. When we grew up, my brother had chosen a separate life, leaving me alone. I missed him a lot.Today, though, we were together, standing in court, waiting for the sentence.The guilty verdict(判决) was read. I sat down, but my br
9、other cried, “No! Im innocent.” And then he turned to me, yelling, “How can you do this to me, James! I finally can make a new life by myself.”“Stop this,” the judge yelled, “the juries have made the decision.”“But its not fair!” my brother replied, “I didnt kill anyone.”I wished I could explain, bu
10、t I said nothing because this is the only way we can be together again.The judge pulled his glasses from his face. “By law-”“The law is unjust,” my brother said.The judge wiped his eyes, and, to my surprise, said calmly. “Yes,” he nodded and set his glasses aside. “I agree with you about that. Law i
11、s meant to protect the innocent. And you certainly seem innocent. But how can I tell? You two are clones. Your faces, your fingerprints, even your DNA match exactly. Thats why when one is found guilty, all others.”The judge sighed, replaced his glasses, and banged the hammer. “I sentence you both to
12、 twenty years.”Together, the court guard led us away. My brothers head bowed in defeat, but I walked upright, for I would no longer be alone.4. How did James think of their childhood?A. He felt sorry for Jimmy.B. He had been in court before.C. He felt guilty about his past.D. He missed the good old
13、days.5. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A. Two boys had nothing in common.B. The two brothers behaved alike.C. They once quarreled with each other.D. Neither of them liked living together.6. What do we know about the law from the text?A. Cloned brothers should live together.B. The clonin
14、g of human being is forbidden.C. Cloned brothers are both guilty if one is guilty.D. Cloned brothers can live apart when growing up.7. What can be inferred from the text?A. James was innocent.B. Jimmy did kill someone.C. James knew nothing about the law. D. James took advantage of the law.CParents w
15、ho want their kids to succeed more than anything are now being sold a high-tech solution. Class 120 is $199-a-year smartphone app that tracks teenagers and alerts parents if the kid isnt in his or her scheduled class.Is it a good idea for parents to track whether their young adults are in class? In
16、short: No. This is a terrible idea.One of the fundamental purposes of a college is learning to be an independent person. That means learning how to do what needs to be done, whether one particularly feels like doing it or not.Its easy to see why parents are keen on tracking their kids. A student is
17、admitted to college by a process that focuses mainly on grades and scores. Monitoring grades and scores is easy. The parents may think that:“Our child is succeeding. We are good parents. We are happy. ” But grades and scores cant tell everything.They dont take into account whether their kids have th
18、e strength of self-discipline (自律) and the skill needed to care for himself or herself.Monitoring the development of character is much harder for parents. Character growth happens through encountering (遇到) and learning to deal with disappointments and failure. You never know which problem will be th
19、e point for growth.However, letting kids fail can be really difficult for anxious parents. They believe that success means being perfect and never failing. The truth is that kids need to learn to fail.College is an ideal place to practice adults responsibility and independence. Students need to make
20、 their own decisions about whether to get out of bed and go to work in the morning.Maybe your child hasnt learned this lesson by now, but he or she has to learn it sometime. An alarm clocks job is to wake you up, but it does not provide a reason.8. Whats authors attitude toward tracking teenagers?A.
21、 Supportive.B. Opposed.C. Indifferent.D. Disappointed.9. According to the author, whats the most important thing should a college student learn in school?A. Avoiding failure.B. Keeping healthy.C. Professional knowledge.D. Living independently.10. Whats the authors opinion on failure?A. Failure means
22、 that a kid is not good enough.B. Failure may be the key part of kids development.C. Everyone should manage to avoid failure at any time.D. Failure will bring many negative influences to children.11. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?A. An alarm clock is necessary for a ki
23、d.B. A kid should buy a talking alarm clock.C. A kid should get up early for learning without any reason.D. A kid should always maintain a sense of responsibility and independence.DDo you still remember the scene in the famous movie Titanic, directed by Cameron, where Jack was frozen to death in the
24、 icy cold water so that Rose could survive on the floating door alone? It broke many peoples heart.Two decades later, people are still asking the question, “wasnt there enough room on the door for both of them?”Cameron once responded by saying it wasnt a question of room, but buoyancy (浮力) if both o
25、f them had tried to stay on the raft, he argued, the whole thing would sink.But several guys from “Mythbusters”, an Australian-American science entertainment television program, decided to test the theory themselves. They discovered that if Rose had took off her lifejacket to the bottom of the raft,
26、 there would have been enough buoyancy to keep both of them afloat.When they presented their findings to Cameron, the director insisted that Jack couldnt be saved.“The answer is very simple,” Cameron said. “Because it says on page 147 of the script that Jack dies. To Cameron, it was an artistic choi
27、ce to have the beloved character of millions, Jack drown into the cold sea. Jack had to die because Cameron thought it would be best if we did.“It was an artistic choice, the thing was just big enough to hold her, and not big enough to hold him,” Cameron said. “I think its all kind of silly, really,
28、 that were having this discussion 20 years later. But it does show that the film was effective in making Jack so endearing to the audience that it hurts them to see him die. The film is about death and separation; he had to die.”Since Jack was doomed to die, Cameron said, it could have happened in a
29、 variety of different ways. Its not about the door not being big enough: thats just a practical method for his death. “Whether it was that, or whether a chimney fell on him, he was going down,” Cameron said. “Its called art: things happen for artistic reasons, not for physics reasons.”12. What do we
30、 know about the character Jack according to the text?A. He intended to kill himself.B. He sacrificed himself to save Rose.C. He didnt have money to buy ticket.D. He lacked basic knowledge of physics.13. According to Cameron, why did the audience argue about Jacks death for 20 years?A. They are fragi
31、le people.B. They dont like the movie.C. They love the character Jack.D. They are crazy about physics.14. Why was a chimney mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To introduce the structure of the ship.B. To show the original plan of the movie.C. To present the missing part of the movie.D. To explain th
32、e unchangeable fate of Jack.15. What is best title of the text?A. Jack in Titanic Must Die.B. Big Enough for Both.C. Cameron is Wrong.D. Jack could Survive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Capturing a dramatic sky with a camera is more difficult than it seems. With
33、the sky lighter than the land, the camera will typically over-expose the sky, turning a brilliant blue into an unexciting gray. 16 Time it right.Landscape photography may not require the timing thats necessary for capturing a babys smile. 17 The sky thats gray one day, could be bright blue the next.
34、 When planning out a landscape photo, consider how the timing will impact the sky. 18 Photography rules are sometimes meant to be broken. Sometimes, using the wrong white balance setting creates a more dramatic sky. This is especially true when shooting towards the beginning or end of the dayCompose
35、 for the sky. 19 If you are shooting a photo with an average looking sky, try placing the horizon on the upper third of the image, so more of the land is included in the photo. But if the sky is really dramatic, take advantage of that and include more of it in the frame by placing the horizon on the
36、 lower third.Use a filter (滤镜). 20 It limits the light coming in for bright scenes or long exposures. Every landscape photographer should have a filter in their camera bag in order to capture more dramatic skies.A. A filter is like sunglasses.B. Try the wrong white balance.C. You can ignore any othe
37、r factors.D. Wait for a sunny day to take your photo.E. Pay attention to where you place the horizon.F. But timing is a big part to shoot a perfect sky.G. Here are several tips for capturing perfect skies. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jack Ma is
38、 known as one of the richest Chinese. 21 , he was not born rich. He grew up at a time when China was 22 from the world, and like every family in China, his family didnt have 23 when they were young.As a child, Ma had 24 just like any other kid. He liked collecting crickets (蟋蟀) and making them fight
39、. Without money, the only way Ma could change his life was through 25 . After high school, he 26 to go to college, but failed the entrance exam 27 . After a great deal of studying, he finally passed on the third try, going on to 28 Hangzhou Teachers College. He 29 from college in 1988 and started ap
40、plying to as many jobs as he could.He received more than a dozen 30 , including from KFC. But he didnt give up trying and finally was employed as an English 31 . Ma loved his students, though he only made 80 yuan a month at a local university.Ma had no experience with the 32 , which was not very acc
41、essible to most Chinese, but he was 33 the Internet when he used it for the first time in 1995. Mas first online search was “beer”, but he was 34 to find that no Chinese beers turned up in the results. It was then 35 he decided to found an internet company for China. That was the first step to his f
42、uture.21. A. ThereforeB. FortunatelyC. However D. Thus 22. A. closedB. differentC. remoteD. isolated 23. A. moneyB. relatives C. friends D. changes24. A. tasksB. hobbiesC. jobs D. qualities 25. A. educationB. workC. luckD. view26. A. applied B. deservedC. succeed D. failed27. A. once B. often C. twi
43、ce D. seldom28. A. attend B. leave C. quitD. start29. A. continuedB. presentedC. introducedD. graduated30. A. admissions B. opportunities C. rejectionsD. invitations31. A. engineer B. headmaster C. teacher D. worker32. A. company B. computer C. businessD. competition33. A. disappointed withB. crazy
44、about C. addicted toD. skeptical about34. A. surprised B. excited C. desperateD. helpless35. A. when B. where C. that D. how第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As the name suggests, Sichuan Hot Pot was born in Sichuan Province, 36 is known for its 37 (prefer) for spicy food. This
45、 mouth-burning and tongue-numbing hot pot has been gaining a large amount of attention in recent years in foreign countries.The 38 (common) accepted theory traces the Sichuan Hot Pot back to early 20 century when the port workers and fishermen who worked and lived along the Yangtze River could not a
46、fford 39 (eat) the regular cuts of meat so they figured out a way to cook cheap meats and offal (内脏) 40 boiling them in a pot of extremely spicy soup. The use of spicy soup was first 41 (intend) to cover the taste from the offal. However, after some 42 (adjust) of fragrant spices, this one pot meal
47、became a popular dish in Sichuan region.After years of continuous development, eating Sichuan Hot Pot today 43 (be) no longer what the poor like. Offal still remains as classic hot pot ingredients, 44 high quality meats and seafood ingredients are also common on the menu. The modern hot pot has been shaped into a complex meal that starts with sliced meat, offal, and seafood, 45 (follow) by vegetables and ends with noodles.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分） 假定你