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1、Welcome UnitDiscovering Useful structures人教社人教社2019版英语必修第一册版英语必修第一册Lead inWhat Are They?1.S(subject)主语2.V(verb)谓语动词3.O(object)宾语4.P(predicative)表语5.A(adverbial)状语6.DO(direct objective)直接宾语7.IO(indirect objective)间接宾语8.C(objective complement)宾语补足语9.There be there be 结构Lets reviewWhat Is Subject?1.S(s
2、ubject)主语1.1 A tiger eats meat.S1.2 He is my father.S1.3.Mr.Wood is a teacher.S What can be“subject”in a sentence?a tiger?nounhe?pronounMr.Wood?nounnameLets reviewWhat Is Verb?2.V(verb)谓语动词2.1 A tiger eats meat.V2.2 A fish can swim.V2.3.He doesnt like fruit.V What can be“verb”in a sentence?can=Vdoes
3、nt=Vcan swimLets reviewWhat Is Object?3.O(object)宾语3.1 A tiger eats meat.O3.2 I like it.O3.3 He called Tom.O What can be“object”in a sentence?meat?nounit?pronounTom?nameLets reviewWhat Is Predicative?4.P(predicative)表语4.1 He looks fine.P 4.2 You are happy.P4.3 He became a teacher.P What can be“predi
4、cative”in a sentence?look,are,become=link verb link verb +adj./noun=PP contains a verb!Lets reviewWhat Is Adverbial?5.A(adverbial)状语5.1 He lives in Shenzhen.A 5.2 You go to school by bus.A5.3 He was born in 1918.A What can be“adverbial”in a sentence?Lets reviewWhat Is DO(Direct Objective)?6.DO(direc
5、t objective)直接宾语6.1 He gave me a pen.DO 6.2 We bought him a gift.DO6.3 He wrote me a letter.DO What can be“direct objective”in a sentence?Lets reviewWhat Is IO(Indirect Objective)?7.IO(indirect objective)间接宾语7.1 He gave me a pen.IO 7.2 We bought Mr.Wood a gift.IO7.3 He wrote his mother a letter.IO W
6、hat can be“indirect objective”in a sentence?Lets reviewWhat Is C(Complement)?8.C(complement)宾语补足语8.1 The war made him a hero.C 8.2 The fire left him homeless.C8.3 He found his glasses broken.C What can be“complement”in a sentence?Group Discussion1.Examine the sentence structures and see what parts a
7、re shared by all of them?2.What part is more stable and what part is the most unstable in a sentence?Why?Sentence StructureSV SVO SP SVIODO SVOC SVA SVOAAnswers to questions in Discussion1.Parts shared by all of the structures:2.“S”is the more stable part;“V”is the most unstable part.Make a list of
8、the“S”forms and the“V”forms that appear in the above 19 ppts.Learn to recognize the structures 1.SV structure1.1 A bird flies.S V 1.2 Monkeys jumped.S V 1.3 He was sleeping.S V In SV structure,verbs are intransitive.Can you make a“SV”sentence?Learn to recognize the structures 2.SVO structure2.1 A sh
9、eep eats grass.S V O 2.2 Monkeys like bananas.S V O2.3 He wants some candy.S V O In SVO structure,verbs are transitive.Please make a SVO sentence!Learn to recognize the structures 3.SP structure3.1 This is great S P3.2 He looks well.S P3.3 She became a teacher.S PIn SP structure,P refers to“link ver
10、b+adjective/noun”.Link verbs:be,feel,taste,smell,grow,become,etc.Lets try making a SP sentence with“grow”!Learn to recognize the structures 4.SV IO DO structure4.1 He asked me a question.S V IO DO4.2 Danny wrote his mom a letter.S V IO DO4.3 She bought Mr.Wood a book.S V IO DOIn SV IO DO structure,v
11、erbs are transitive and are followed by IO and DO.Find a SVIODO sentence in your textbook and share it with the class!Learn to recognize the structures 5.SVOC structure5.1 The war made him a hero.S V O C5.2 They found his cat dead.S V O C5.3 She called him Mr.Wood.S V O CIn SVOC structure,an implied
12、 logical relation exists between O and C.In Example 5.1,the relation between“him”and“a hero”is supposed to be-“he is a hero”.Whats the relation between“his cat”and“dead”in 5.2?Learn to recognize the structures 6.SVA structure6.1 It rained heavily.S V A6.2 He coughed badly.S V A6.3 The rabbit ran in
13、the woods.S V AIn SVA structure,adverbial is usually at the end of the sentence.Please give another example of SVA structure!Learn to recognize the structures 7.SVOA structure7.1 A sheep is eating grass over there.S V O A7.2 Mum makes lunch in the kitchen.S V O A7.3 They liked the film very much.S V
14、 O AIn SVOA structure,the verb is transitive and is followed by an object and an adverbial.Learn to recognize the structures 8.“There be”structure8.1 There is an apple on the table.V S A7.2 There are seven days in a week.V S A7.3 There is milk and bread.V SIn“there be”structure,S and V are inverted.
15、Vs number is decided by the very first noun of S.Lets practise.Exercise 1:Read the sentencs and analyse the structures.(1)I have learning goals.(2)He works hard.(3)He never watches TV at night.(4)A fish swims.(5)I was writing him an email.(6)They left the boy starved to death.(7)You feel tired.(8)Th
16、ere were some children on the playground.(1)I have learning goals.(SVO)(2)He works hard.(SVA)(3)He never watches TV at night.(SVOA)(4)A fish swims.(SV)(5)I was writing him an email.(SV IO DO)(6)They left the boy starved to death.(SVOC)(7)You feel tired.(SP)(8)There were some children on the playgrou
17、nd.(VS)Lets practise.Answers to Exercise 1Lets practise.Exercise 2:Analyse the structures of the underlined sentences in the passage.Lets practise.Answers to Exercise 2:1.Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.S V DO IO2.She led the China womens volleyball team to medals at Olympics.S V O
18、 AThe team was falling apart.S V ALosing two important players was a big challenge.S PShe had faced difficulties before.S V O AThey were world champions!S PLets practise.Exercise 3:Find the differences SP vs.SVA 1.The boy looks great.S P2.The boy worked very hard.S V AAny differences between“great”a
19、nd“very hard”?Lets practise.Answer to“the differences of SP vs.SVA”1.P in“SP”means“link verb”+“adj./noun”2.VA means“intransitive verb”+adverb3.For example:look great (look:link verb;great:adj.)P(link verb+adj.)work hard (work:vi.;hard:adv.)V A(vi.+adv.)Lets practise.Exercise 4:Find the differences S
20、VOC vs.SVOA 1.The news made me happy.S V O C2.The mother missed her kid badly.1.S V O Ahappy vs.badlyDifferencces?Lets practise.Answer to“the differences SVOC vs.SVOA”1.“C”means“nouns/adjectives.”2.“A”means“adverbs/prepositional phrases”The news made me in the room.?SummaryIn this period,weve learne
21、d about some important concepts of syntax.1.The definitions of S,V,O,P,A,DO,IO,C2.Morphologic features of S,V,O,P,A,DO,IO,C3.The particular features of Verbs decide all the varieties of the basic sentence structures.4.The significance of learning verb patternsHomework1.Recite the concepts of S,V,O,P,A,DO,IO,C.2.Finish Ex.2 and Ex.3 on page 5.3.Think about the significance of distinguishing“vi.”from“vt.”Thats all for today.