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1、初 高 中 衔 接 英语英语第1节 构词法构词法一、转换法请说明下列划线单词的词性和意思。请说明下列划线单词的词性和意思。请说明下列划线单词的词性和意思。请说明下列划线单词的词性和意思。1.He backed his car into the garage(车库).2.You are not alone,and we are all backing you.3.Shes the kind of person who talks about you behind your back.4.Did you book a seat on the plane?5.I like reading books
2、 in my spare time.6.She nursed her husband back to health.7.He is a man of strong build.8.Your shoes need cleaning.9.Try to keep your room clean and tidy.10.We will try our best to better our living conditions.v.倒退倒退v.支持支持n.背，背部背，背部v.预约预约n.书书v.看护，照顾看护，照顾n.体格，身材体格，身材v.除去除去.灰尘，打扫灰尘，打扫v.胜过，超过，使更好胜过，超过，
3、使更好adj.干净的，洁净的干净的，洁净的练一练P93（二）flattrainringmeanmeanringflattrain（二）选择所给单词完成下列句子（二）选择所给单词完成下列句子flat mean ring train 1.The east of England is _.2.Hes a swimmer and he wants to _ for the next Olympics.3.Did the telephone _?4.What does it _?5.Hes very _-he never buys a drink.6.She wears a gold _.7.They
4、want to live in a _ near the centre.8.Joe is getting the _ to Glasgow.flattrainringmean二、派生法前缀后缀1.前缀前缀 除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性。（1）在词根前加表示否定意义的前缀，构成与原词意义相反的新词。在词根前加表示否定意义的前缀，构成与原词意义相反的新词。请写出下列单词的意思请写出下列单词的意思disdislike_ disdisagree_ disdisappear_ in incorrect_imimpossible_ il
5、illegal_ir irregular_ in inability_mismislead_mismisunderstand_nonnonsmoker_nonnonstop_ ununimportant_ununable_不喜欢不喜欢不同意不同意消失消失不正确不正确不可能不可能不合法不合法不规则的不规则的无能力无能力误导误导误解误解不抽烟的人不抽烟的人直达的直达的不重要的不重要的 不会的不会的（2）表示其他意义的前缀请根据单词说明该前缀的含义re-_co-_ inter-_en-_tele-_sub-_eco-_ over-_再，又再，又和和.一起，共同一起，共同相互，在相互，在.之间之间使使
6、.成为成为(构成动词构成动词)环境的环境的,生态的生态的在在.以下以下,在在.下面下面远的远的,远距离的远距离的太过于太过于,完全的完全的,上面上面rereuse rerecycle rereunite re review cocooperateinterinternational enenable enendanger enenlarge teletelegraph subsubway subsubtitleecoeco-friendly overoversleep transtransform transtransportforeforecast 2.后缀后缀 除少数后缀外，后缀一般改变词
7、性，而不引起词义的变化。（1）请写出下列单词的名词形式differ _ perform_ introduce_ suggest_ collect_ invite_develop_ agree_ ill_ sad_warm_ true _ free_marry_ important_ music_(音乐家)educate_(教育家)write_(作家)China _(中国人)differenceperformanceintroductionsuggestioncollectioninvitationdevelopmentagreementillnesssadnesswarmthfreedomma
8、rriageimportancemusicianeducatorwriterChinese你还能想到那些名词后缀吗？engineer er;actressress;childhoodhood;leadshipship;mouthfulful;arrival al;happinessness truthtruth（2）请写出下列单词的动词形式real_ organ_ pure_ class_ beautiful_ dark_ weak_ deep_ bath_ breath_realizeorganizepurifyclassifybeautifydarkenweakendeepenbatheb
9、reathe你知道有什么后缀可以把名词或形容词变成动词吗？猜一猜popularizesimplifywiden （3）请写出下列单词的形容词形式sun_taste_culture_nature_thank_success_danger_mountain_rely_ suit_ attract_ protect_ expense_wood_ gold_trouble_ child_ east_ west_ friend_ month_day_ use_ _(无用的)care_ _(粗心的)harm _ _(无害的)sunnytastyculturalnaturalthankfulsuccessf
10、uldangerousmountainousreliablesuitableattractiveprotectiveexpensivewoodengoldentroublesomechildisheasternwestern friendlymonthlydailyuseful useless careful carelessharmful harmless（4）请写出下列单词的副词形式angry_ successful_true_extreme_happy_ real_ careful_ sudden_slow_ quick_ nice_ good_ easy_ terrible_ dang
11、erous_comfortable_ complete_ usual_ bad_ safe_simple_ angrilytrulyhappilywelleasilyterriblycomfortably其余的都直接单词后面其余的都直接单词后面+lysimply三、合成法合成法就是由两个或更多的词合成一个词。请试着说说下列合成词的含义。请试着说说下列合成词的含义。1.合成名词合成名词cocktail bookshelf thunderstormsilkwormdaybreakwaterfallhandwriting horse-ridingtypewriterflashlightreading
12、 roomswimming poolgentleman blackboardsoftwareovercoatoutlineoutbreaktake-awayinputfingernail toothbrushhillsidebirthplacebedclothesgreenhousedaughter-in-law 2.合成形容词合成形容词snow-white worldwide blood-red English-speaking peace-loving one-way two-year-old five-meter-long noble-minded open-minded light-b
13、lue dark-redgood-looking easy-going ever-lasting hard-working fast-developing well-knownoutspoken highly-developed state-owned short-sighted 3.合成动词合成动词sleep-walk sunbathe whitewash safeguard overthrow overcome blackmail 4.合成副词合成副词everywhere somehow however whenever forever5.合成介词合成介词 inside outside within without into upon1.对今天的本堂课的教学内容-构词法，你认为_？A.太难 B.适中 C.太简单2.这节课老师的上课进度，你认为_?A.太快 B.适合 C.太慢谢 谢 聆 听