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1、基础知识自测基础知识自测重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写写作句型仿写基础知识自测基础知识自测一、单词拓展一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生单词派生1._ adj.清晰的清晰的;明显的明显的;明确的明确的 _ n.差别差别;区分区分;卓著卓著2._ adj.主要的主要的 _ n.大多数大多数;大半大半majoritydistinctdistinctionmajor3._ v.处罚处罚;惩罚惩罚 _ n.处罚处罚;惩罚惩罚4._ vt.指出指出;标示标示;表明表明;暗示暗示 _ n.指出指出;标示标示;表明表明;暗示暗示indicationpunishpunishmentindicate5._ ad
2、j.显而易见的显而易见的;显然的显然的 _ adv.显然地显然地;显而易见地显而易见地apparentapparently6._ v.吸引；使着迷吸引；使着迷 _ adj.迷人的迷人的;吸引人的吸引人的fascinatingfascinate(B)灵活运用灵活运用1.Theres a sharp _(distinct)between words and deeds.1.名词作表语名词作表语,根据前面的冠词可知。根据前面的冠词可知。2.The _(major)of senior high school students seem to prefer science to art.2.因为因为th
3、e与与of之间必须填名词之间必须填名词,而而the majority of 意为意为“大多数的大多数的”。distinctionmajority 3.Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _(punish).3.名词作动词名词作动词receive的宾语。的宾语。4.Many students _(apparent)do not care about the health issues of all their bad habits.4.副词作状语副词作状语,修饰动词修饰动词do。punishmentapparently5.A _
4、 (fascinate)talent show called“Super Girl”won nationwide popularity among teenage students.5.形容词作定语形容词作定语,修饰修饰talent show。fascinating1._背靠背背靠背2._ 继续存在继续存在;继续生存继续生存3._申请申请;请示得到请示得到4._将将应用于应用于二、短语翻译二、短语翻译 applyto back to backlive onapply for5._ 坚持坚持;维持维持;沿袭沿袭6._ 习惯于新的生活方式习惯于新的生活方式7._用用办法办法;借助借助8._ 包括包
5、括;吸收吸收take in keep upbe/get used to the new way of lifeby means of.9._ 与与合作或一起工作合作或一起工作10._ 许多许多;很多很多11._ 画线画线;标出标出的界线的界线12._ 至少至少at leastteam up witha great/good manymark out三、语篇填三、语篇填 空空 In 1848,not long after the American-Mexican war,gold 1 _(discover)in California.The dream of becoming rich 2 _(
6、quick)attracted people from all over the world.The 3 _(near),and therefore the first to arrive,4 _(be)South Americans and people from the United States.Then 5 _(adventure)from Europe and Asia soon followed.adventurerswerenearestquicklywas discoveredIn fact,few achieved 6 _(they)dream of becoming ric
7、h.Some died 7 _ returned home,but most remained in California 8 _(make)a life for themselves despite great hardship.They settled in the new towns or 9 _ farms.By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already 10 _ multicultural society.a on to
8、makeortheir1.was discovered 因因“金被发现金被发现”，又由，又由1848年或下文谓语动词可知用一般过去时，故用一年或下文谓语动词可知用一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。般过去时的被动语态。2.quickly 修饰谓语动词修饰谓语动词attracted作状语，用作状语，用副词。副词。3.nearest 根据常识，最早来到这里的人应是根据常识，最早来到这里的人应是“最近的人最近的人”。4.were 由常识和其后表语由常识和其后表语South Americans and people可知，主语是复数，又是一般过去时可知，主语是复数，又是一般过去时，故填，故填were。
9、5.adventurers 接着来到这里的应是接着来到这里的应是“冒险者冒险者”，且用复数。，且用复数。6.their 指指“他们的他们的”梦想。梦想。7.or 指死了指死了“或者或者”回家了。回家了。8.to make 指留下来的目的，用不定式。指留下来的目的，用不定式。9.on 表示表示“在在”农场，习惯上用介词农场，习惯上用介词on。10.a 表示表示“一个一个”多元文化的社会。多元文化的社会。四、短文改错四、短文改错 Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period,it was the bu
10、ilding of the rail network from the west to the east coast where brought even larger numbers to California in 1860s.the that Today,Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California,but a large percentage have choosed to stay in the“Chinatowns”of Los Angeles and San Francisco.chosen although Japanese
11、 farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th centuries,and since the 1980s a lot of more have settled there.Peoplein Africa has been living in California since the 1800s,when they moved north from Mexico.Besides,even more arrive between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and air
12、craft industries.arrived However have from century 1.where that 这是这是it wasthat强调强调句型，强调主语。句型，强调主语。2.在在1860s前加前加the 表示几十年代，前面表示几十年代，前面要加要加the。3.but although 由句意逻辑可知。句意：由句意逻辑可知。句意：尽管大部分人选择呆在洛杉矶和旧金山的尽管大部分人选择呆在洛杉矶和旧金山的唐人街，但是加州的各个地方依然有华裔唐人街，但是加州的各个地方依然有华裔美国人住。美国人住。4.choosed chosen 因因choose是不规则动是不规则动词，其过去
13、分词是词，其过去分词是chosen。5.centuries century 第第20世纪，用单世纪，用单数。数。6.去掉去掉a lot后面的后面的of 因后面没有接名词，因后面没有接名词，不用不用of。7.in from 表示表示“来自来自”非洲的人。非洲的人。8.has have 主语是主语是people，是复数。，是复数。9.Besides However 与上句是转折关系。与上句是转折关系。10.arrive arrived 由由1942 and 1945可可知用一般过去时。知用一般过去时。重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练1.majority n大多数；大半大多数；大半例句例句 With the
14、 prices going up,the majority of people find it hard to live on the amount of money they get.随着随着物价的上涨，大多数人发现靠他们挣物价的上涨，大多数人发现靠他们挣的钱很难维持生活。的钱很难维持生活。(1)a/the majority of 大多数大多数(be)in the/a majority 构成大部分构成大部分/大多数大多数(2)minority n.少数少数(be)in the minority 占少数占少数拓展拓展“the/a majority of名词名词”,表示表示“大大多数多数”。谓语
15、动词的数与。谓语动词的数与of后面后面的名词相一致；的名词相一致；the majority单独作单独作主语时主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。谓语动词用单复数均可。说明说明运用运用 根据以上用法，用根据以上用法，用be动词的适动词的适当形式填空。当形式填空。(1)One third of the country covered _ with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people.(2)The majority _ on the Englands team,which greatly disappointed them.isare
16、were/was(3)The majority of the farmers _ influenced by natural disasters in the summer of 2015,but they still took a positive attitude towards their life.were原句原句 By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already a multicultural society.到到1850年
17、加利福尼亚成为美国的第年加利福尼亚成为美国的第31个州个州的时候的时候,它已经是一个有着多种文化的社它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了会了。(B8 P2)2.elect vt.选举；选择；推选选举；选择；推选例句例句 We elected him as our representative.我们选他作代表。我们选他作代表。搭配搭配 elect sb.（to beas）+n.选某人当选某人当elect sb.to do sth.选某人做某事选某人做某事运用运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。We _(elect)him monitor at the class meeting y
18、esterday.He was elected _(solve)this challenging problem.to solve elected 原句原句 Yes.It didnt occur to me that是的是的,我没有想到我没有想到(B8 P5)例句例句 It occurred to me that he would be the best person.我突然想我突然想到，他也许是最佳人选。到，他也许是最佳人选。3.occur vi.发生；出现；存在发生；出现；存在(happen,exist)sth.occurs to sb.某事被某事被某人想起某人想起it occurs to
19、 sb.that.某某人突然想起人突然想起说明说明 occur的过去式、过去分的过去式、过去分词、现在分词要双写词、现在分词要双写“r”：occurred,occurred，occurring。occur是不及物动词，不能带宾是不及物动词，不能带宾语，不能用于被动语态。语，不能用于被动语态。运用运用(1)父母应该帮助孩子处理这一特殊成父母应该帮助孩子处理这一特殊成长阶段出现的各种问题长阶段出现的各种问题Parents should help their children cope with _ during this special growing stage.(2)我就要离开时我就要离开时,
20、想起忘了带钥匙。想起忘了带钥匙。Just as I was leaving the house,_ that I had forgotten my keys.it occurred to meall kinds of problems occurring4.nowhere adv.无处；到处都无无处；到处都无(not in any place or to any place)例句例句 Nowhere else can we find a more beautiful place than Mount Tai.我们找我们找不到比泰山更美的地方。不到比泰山更美的地方。说明说明 nowhere置于句
21、首置于句首,句子要部分倒装。句子要部分倒装。(2)世界上没有其他地方有这种水果。世界上没有其他地方有这种水果。_ this kind of fruit exist.Nowhere else in the world does运用运用(1)Michael glanced anxiously down the street,but John was _(到到处处看不到看不到)nowhere to be seen5.live on 继续生活或生存继续生活或生存(continue to live or exist);以以为食为食;靠靠生活生活例句例句 The customs and languages
22、 of the immigrants live on in their new home.这些移民的风俗习惯和语言在这些移民的风俗习惯和语言在他们的新家都得以延续。他们的新家都得以延续。live by doing sth.靠做某事为生靠做某事为生live up to符合；不辜负符合；不辜负联想联想运用运用 用用live短语的适当形式填空。短语的适当形式填空。He still _ his parents after graduation.Mozart is dead but his music _.We should work hard and try _ our parents expecta
23、tions.live up to lives ononlivesto6keep up坚持坚持;维持维持;沿袭沿袭(风俗、传风俗、传统等统等)例句例句 We students ought to keep up our traditional Chinese virtues我们我们学生要沿袭中华民族的传统美德。学生要沿袭中华民族的传统美德。联想联想keep up with跟上；赶上跟上；赶上运用运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。我认为跟上时代是很重要的。我认为跟上时代是很重要的。I think important that we _(should)keep up _ the
24、 timesitwith 我们要坚持勤奋学习，为即将到来我们要坚持勤奋学习，为即将到来的高考做好准备。的高考做好准备。We have to _ the hard work and make good preparations for the coming college entrance examination.keep up7by means of用用办法：借助办法：借助例句例句 Thanks to the advancement of new technologies,we can keep in touch with each other by means of cell phone a
25、nd e-mail由于有了先进的科技，我由于有了先进的科技，我们可以通过手机和电子邮件彼此保持们可以通过手机和电子邮件彼此保持联系。联系。by no means绝不（置于句首时，要绝不（置于句首时，要部分倒装）部分倒装）by all means想尽一切办法想尽一切办法提醒提醒means作作“方法，手段方法，手段”解，单解，单复数同形，作主语时要注意主谓一复数同形，作主语时要注意主谓一致。致。联想联想运用运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。他们依靠努力工作而获得成功。他们依靠努力工作而获得成功。They succeeded _ by means of hard work 无
26、论遇到什么困难，我们绝不能无论遇到什么困难，我们绝不能放弃。放弃。Whatever difficulty we meet，by no means _.should we give up8.take in包括包括;涵养涵养;接受接受;收留收留;吸收领吸收领会会;了解了解;欺骗欺骗;蒙蔽蒙蔽例句例句 The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught.学生们发现老师教的东西很容易领会。学生们发现老师教的东西很容易领会。(understand or absorb)take off 脱下；起飞脱下；起飞take on呈
27、现，承担呈现，承担take over接管接管take up占据；开始人事占据；开始人事 联想联想 运用运用 朗读并指出画线部分的汉语意朗读并指出画线部分的汉语意思。思。We need more time to take in the situation.（）了解了解 The university is planning to take in 15 more students next year.（）Dont be taken in by books claiming to help you improve your study in a week.（）被欺骗被欺骗接收（招收）接收（招收）9.a
28、pply for 申请；请示得到申请；请示得到例句例句 You can apply for scholarship and work part-time in college.在大学，你可以申请奖在大学，你可以申请奖学金和做兼职。学金和做兼职。apply to适用于适用于apply.to.将将应用于应用于联想联想运用运用 填入一个适当的介词。填入一个适当的介词。Anyone who wants to apply_ the job must meet all the requirements above.It is satisfactory to apply this new method _
29、our project of environmental protection.to for写作句型仿写写作句型仿写1.It is likely/unlikely that.很很/没可能没可能原句原句 However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而然而,可能至少在可能至少在15,000 年以前美洲土著人年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。就住在加利福尼亚了。(B8 P2)例句例句 It is very likely that h
30、e will make great progress in his study.他他的学习很可能会取得较大进步。的学习很可能会取得较大进步。be likely/unlikely to do可能可能/不不可能做可能做联想联想 仿写仿写 根据汉语意思完成下列英文句根据汉语意思完成下列英文句子。子。我们有可能提前完成复习任务。我们有可能提前完成复习任务。_ we will finish our review in advanceIt is likely that 他很可能会报名参加中山大学的自他很可能会报名参加中山大学的自主选拔考试。主选拔考试。He _ enroll in the independ
31、ent admission examination of Sun Yat-sen University is very likely to原句原句 It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.据信据信,过不了多过不了多久国籍相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有大久国籍相混的程度将
32、如此大以至于不再有大的种族或文化团体的种族或文化团体,而仅仅是一个多文化的而仅仅是一个多文化的混合体混合体。(B8 P3)2.It is believed that人们相信人们相信例句例句 It is believed that greenhouse gases are the main causes of global warming.人们认为温室气体是导致全人们认为温室气体是导致全球变暖的主因。球变暖的主因。联想联想 It is/thought/said/reported/hoped that.人们认为人们认为/据说据说/据报道据报道/希希望望仿写仿写 (1)人们相信健康高于财富。人们相信健康高于财富。It is believed that health is above wealth.(2)据报道几乎所有的突发死亡都是由据报道几乎所有的突发死亡都是由心脏受损引起的。心脏受损引起的。It is reported that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.Thank You!