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1、话题 18 语言幽默基础知识自测基础知识自测重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写写作句型仿写基础知识自测基础知识自测一、单词拓展一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生单词派生1._ vt.使惊诧使惊诧 _ n.惊讶惊讶;令人惊令人惊 讶的事讶的事 _ adj.感到惊讶的感到惊讶的 _ adj.令人惊讶的令人惊讶的 astonishing astonishastonishmentastonished2._ n.财产财产,命运命运,运气运气 _ adj.幸运的幸运的;吉利的吉利的 _ adv.幸运地幸运地fortunatelyfortune fortunate3._ vt.使厌烦使厌烦 n.讨厌的讨厌的 人
2、人,麻烦事麻烦事 _ n.厌烦厌烦;厌倦厌倦 _ adj.感到厌烦的感到厌烦的 _ adj.令人厌烦的令人厌烦的boringboreboredombored4._ v.使欢乐使欢乐;款待款待 _ n.娱乐娱乐5._ vt.使信服使信服 _ adj.相信的相信的 _ adj.令人信服的令人信服的,有说服力的有说服力的convincing entertain entertainmentconvinceconvinced6._ v.反应反应;起反应起反应 _ n.反应反应;反作用力反作用力reaction react(B)灵活运用灵活运用 1.We felt _(astonish)at the ne
3、ws that he won the first prize in the math competition.1.用过去分词作表语。用过去分词作表语。astonished2._(fortune),he failed again in the exam.2.副词修饰全句。副词修饰全句。3.You people enjoy watching all kinds of TV programs for _(entertain).3.介词后加名词。介词后加名词。Unfortunatelyentertainment4.What has been the consumers _(react)to your
4、product?4.所有格后用名词。所有格后用名词。5.His argument was more _(convince)than mine.5.现在分词作形容词。现在分词作形容词。reactionconvincing1._ 直到现在直到现在2._ 对对满足满足3._ 穷的；缺少的穷的；缺少的4._ 挑出；辨别出挑出；辨别出二、短语翻译二、短语翻译 pick out up to nowfeel/be content withbadly off5._切断；断绝切断；断绝6._担任主角；主演担任主角；主演7._ 一团糟一团糟8._寻找寻找in search of cut offstar inin
5、a mess 9._突然大笑突然大笑10._随着时间的流逝随着时间的流逝11._遍及全世界遍及全世界12._在在的的边缘边缘at the edge ofburst into laughterwith time going bythroughout the world三、语篇填空三、语篇填空 How did the little tramp(流浪者）流浪者）make a sad situation 1 _(entertain)?Here is an example from one of Chaplins most famous 2 _(film),The Gold Rush.It is 3 _
6、 mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California.Like so many others,the little tramp and his friend 4 _(rush)there in search of gold,5 _ without success.but have rushedthe films entertainingInstead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm wi
7、th nothing 6 _(eat).They are so hungry 7 _ they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.that to eatThen he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it 8 _(be)the finest steak.Finally he tries cutting and chewing
8、 the bottom of the shoe.He eats each mouthful with great 9 _(enjoy).The acting is so convincing that it makes you 10 _(believe)that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!believeenjoymentwere 本段以卓别林的一部著名电影为例，说本段以卓别林的一部著名电影为例，说明一个流浪汉如何使令人伤心的境况变得令明一个流浪汉如何使令人伤心的境况变得令人愉快的。人愉快的。1.entertaining 作补语
9、要用形容词，表示使作补语要用形容词，表示使令人伤心的情境变得令人伤心的情境变得“令人愉快的令人愉快的”，用，用-ing分词作形容词。分词作形容词。2.films 在在one of后的可数名词要用复数。后的可数名词要用复数。3.the 在序数词前用在序数词前用the。4.have rushed 由上句谓语动词的时态由上句谓语动词的时态has been和本句中的和本句中的without success可知，他们可知，他们“已经跑到已经跑到”那里了，故用现在完成时。那里了，故用现在完成时。5.but 跑去淘金与没有成功是转折关系。跑去淘金与没有成功是转折关系。6.to eat 没有东西吃，用不定式作
10、后置定没有东西吃，用不定式作后置定语。语。7.that 因因sothat 是固定句型。是固定句型。8.were “鞋上的皮革鞋上的皮革”好像是好像是“最美味的最美味的牛排牛排”，显然是虚拟语气，表示与现在事，显然是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况，实相反的情况，be一律用一律用were。9.enjoyment 在介词后作宾语用名词。在介词后作宾语用名词。10.believe 由由make sb.do sth.可知用不带可知用不带to的不定式作补语。的不定式作补语。四、语段改错四、语段改错 Charlie was born in the poor family in1889.His paren
11、ts was both poor music hallperformers.You may find astonishing thatCharlie was taught to sing as soon as hecould speak and dance as soon as he could walk.awereitSuch training was common in acting familiesat the this time,especially when the family income was often uncertainly.Unfortunatelyhis father
12、 died,leave the family even worse off,so Charlie spent his childhood looking forhis sick mother and his brother.uncertainleavingafterBy his teens,Charlie had through its humour,become one of the mostpopular child actor in England.No one was ever boring watching himhis subtle acting made everything e
13、ntertaining.boredhisactors1.the a 泛指泛指“一个一个”贫穷的家庭。贫穷的家庭。2.was were 根据主谓一致原则，主语根据主谓一致原则，主语parents是复数，故把是复数，故把was改为改为were。3.在在find后加后加it 由由“find it+adj.+that”句型可知。句型可知。4.把把this time前的前的the 去掉因去掉因at this time为固定搭配，意为为固定搭配，意为“当时当时”。5.uncertainly uncertain 形容词作表形容词作表语。语。6.leave leaving 因因his father与与leav
14、e之之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作伴随间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作伴随状语。状语。7.for after 表达表达“照顾（照顾（look after）他生病的母亲和他的弟弟他生病的母亲和他的弟弟”而不是而不是“寻寻找找”。8.its his 指查理就以他的（指查理就以他的（his）幽默，）幽默，成为英国最受欢迎的童星之一。成为英国最受欢迎的童星之一。9.actor actors 由由one of可知用复数。可知用复数。10.boring bored 指人指人“感到厌烦感到厌烦”用用bored；指事物；指事物“令人厌烦令人厌烦”用用boring。重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练1.astonish
15、vt.使惊诧使惊诧例句例句 It astonishes me that he could be so thoughtless.我真没有我真没有料到他会如此轻率。料到他会如此轻率。(1)astonishment n.惊异惊异,惊讶惊讶to ones astonishment 令人吃惊的是令人吃惊的是in astonishment 吃惊地吃惊地(2)astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的令人感到惊讶的(形容形容事事/物物)astonished adj.对对感到吃惊的感到吃惊的(形容人形容人)be astonished at 对对感到吃惊感到吃惊be astonished to do/tha
16、t 某人惊讶于某人惊讶于搭配搭配运用运用 用用astonish的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。(1)What he said at the meeting _ everyone present.astonished(2)To our great _,the boss wasnt _ at the _ news at all.(3)What made us _ most was that the beautiful girl is a thief.astonishedastonishmentastonishedastonishing原句原句 The acting is so convincing
17、 that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!他的表演力是那么的有说服他的表演力是那么的有说服力力,以至于你会相信这顿饭是他吃过以至于你会相信这顿饭是他吃过的最美味的一餐。的最美味的一餐。(B4P18)2.convince vt.使信服使信服(make sb.believe);说服说服（persuade）例句例句 We convinced Anne to go by train rather than by plane.我们说服安娜坐我们说服安娜坐火车走而不坐飞机。火车走而不坐飞机。
18、搭搭 配配convince sb.of sth.让某人相信某事让某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事convince sb.that使某人相信使某人相信be convinced of sth.that确信确信；坚信坚信运用运用 The suspect tried to convince the police _ his innocence.Sam _(convince)that his girlfriend loves him.He tried to convince them _ the safety of traveling by airpl
19、ane.of of is convinced 3.badly off 穷的；缺少的；处境穷的；缺少的；处境不好不好(=poor)原句原句 Unfortunately his father died,leaving the family even worse off.不幸的是不幸的是,他父亲死了他父亲死了,他的家他的家庭情况更糟了。庭情况更糟了。(B4P18)例句例句 I only broke my leg,while the other three were far worse off.我只是腿断了我只是腿断了,其他三人情其他三人情况更糟糕。况更糟糕。反义反义 well off 富裕的富裕的,
20、处境好处境好(=rich)运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。他们太穷了他们太穷了,都不能吃一顿好饭。都不能吃一顿好饭。They are too _ to eat a good meal.他的日子比我宽裕得多。他的日子比我宽裕得多。He is much _ than I am.杰克又买了一辆车，他一定很有钱。杰克又买了一辆车，他一定很有钱。Jack has just bought another car,he must be _.badly off better off well off4.pick out 挑出；辨认出挑出；辨认出(choose from a number
21、of people or things)原句原句 Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.查理首先挑出鞋带来吃查理首先挑出鞋带来吃,像吃意大利面条一样。像吃意大利面条一样。(B4P18)例句例句 The teacher picked out some books on the shelf for the children.老师从书架上挑选了一老师从书架上挑选了一些书给孩子们。些书给孩子们。联想联想 pick up拾起拾起;学会学会;收听收听到到;(便宜地便宜地)买到买到运用运用 根据汉语
22、意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。你能在人群中认出你妹妹吗？你能在人群中认出你妹妹吗？Can you _ in the crowd?The children _(捡到捡到)many sea shells at the seaside.picked up pick out your sister 原句原句 Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.然后然后他把皮鞋上端的皮子切下来他把皮鞋上端的皮子切下来,就像是切下就像是切下一块最好的牛排。一块最好的牛排。(B4P18)例句例句 Jus
23、t when he had reached the most important point,the line was cut off.正当他听到最重要的地方时正当他听到最重要的地方时,线被切断了。线被切断了。5.cut off 切断切断,断绝断绝cut in插嘴插嘴cut down减少；缩减减少；缩减cut up切碎切碎cut out切掉；割掉切掉；割掉cut into pieces切成碎片切成碎片联想联想运用运用 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。He had _ (切断了一个手指头切断了一个手指头)in an accident at work.We_(被中断被中断)in the
24、 middle of our conversation._(不要插嘴不要插嘴)when someone else is talking.Dont cut inone of his fingers cut offwere cut off写作句型仿写写作句型仿写1.v.-ing形式作结果状语形式作结果状语例句例句 Unfortunately his father died,leaving the family even worse off,so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的
25、是他的父亲去不幸的是他的父亲去世了世了,使得他的家境更加艰难使得他的家境更加艰难,因因此此,查理童年时期都在照顾他生病查理童年时期都在照顾他生病的母亲和弟弟。的母亲和弟弟。句中句中leaving the family even worse off 为现为现在分在分词词短短语语作作结结果状果状语语。现现在分在分词词作作结结果状果状语语,表示表示顺顺其自然的其自然的结结果；而不定式果；而不定式短短语语作作结结果状果状语语常常表示出乎意料的表示出乎意料的结结果。果。说明说明仿写仿写 根据上述用法根据上述用法,用括号中词的适用括号中词的适当形式填空。当形式填空。(1)He hurried to the
26、 bus stop,only _(tell)the bus had left.(2)It rained heavily in the south in the summer of 2015,_(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.to be told causing(3)His parents died in the terrible accident,_(leave)him an orphan.(4)He spent four years getting a degree,only _(find)there were no jobs for
27、 graduates.to findleaving原句原句 .that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.这顿饭是他所吃这顿饭是他所吃过最美味的一餐。过最美味的一餐。(B4P18)例句例句 He is one of the best students that I have ever met.他是我所见过的最他是我所见过的最优秀的学生之一。优秀的学生之一。2.one of+最高级复数名词最高级复数名词+定语从定语从句句(完成时完成时)仿写仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。他是我见过的最有意志力的运动他是我见过的
28、最有意志力的运动员之一。员之一。He is one of the most determined athletes _that I have ever seen 这是我看过的最有特色的这是我看过的最有特色的(charming)一届奥运会。一届奥运会。This was _ that I had ever watched one of the most charming Olympics(3)汶川大地震是四川人民所经汶川大地震是四川人民所经历过的最严重的一次灾害。历过的最严重的一次灾害。The Wenchuan Earthquake was _ _.one of the most seriousdisasters that the people inSichuan had gone throughThank You!