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1、 Unit 2 English around the world【诵读诵读积积累累】(2010江江苏苏高高考考)假假设设你你应应邀邀参参加加学学校校组组织织的的“英英语语学学习习师师生生座座谈谈会会”,请请你你根根据据下下表表所所提提示示的的信信息息,用用英英语语写写一一篇篇发发言言稿稿,简简单单介介绍绍自自己己英英语语学学习习的的情情况况,并并对对学学校校今今后后的的英英语语教教学学提提出出建建议议。自己英自己英语语学学习习的情况的情况1.英英语语学学习习的目的的目的2.英英语语学学习习的方法的方法3.课课外自学的途径外自学的途径对对学校英学校英语语教学的建教学的建议议(请请考生根据自己的考
2、生根据自己的经历经历与感想与感想,提出两至三点建提出两至三点建议议。)Dear teachers and schoolmates,its a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.Im interested in English,and hope to be an interpreter in the future.Naturally its very important for me to learn English well.As everybo
3、dy knows,vocabulary is an important part of language,just like bricks in a building.I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible.After class,I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio.Besides,Ive learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.Now,
4、Id like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school.Firstly,we should be given more opportunities to use what weve learned in order to have a better grasp of it.Secondly,I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to r
5、ead them.Finally,I suggest we have more English activities,such as English contests and festivals.Thank you for listening.【尝试尝试运用运用】词汇词汇翻翻译译与与分享分享 _在将来在将来 _使用使用 _在收音机上在收音机上 _share.with.in the futureput.to useon the radio向向学学习习 _提出一些关于提出一些关于建建议议 _ _做某事的机会做某事的机会 _很好地掌握很好地掌握 _learn frommake some sugges
6、tions on/give someadvice onan opportunity to do/of/for doing sth.have a good grasp of一句多一句多译译对对我来我来说说参加参加这这个比个比赛赛我感到非常荣幸。我感到非常荣幸。It is a great pleasure for me to take part in the contest.老老师师建建议议我我们业们业余余时间时间多多阅读阅读文学作品。文学作品。a._ _b._ _The teacher recommends us to read more literary works inour spare t
7、ime.The teacher recommends that we(should)read more literaryworks in our spare time.单词盘单词盘点点核心速核心速记记1._(adj.)官方的；正式的；公官方的；正式的；公务务的的 (n.)官官员员2._(adj.)本国的；本地的本国的；本地的 (n.)本地人；本国人本地人；本国人3._(adv.)实际实际上；事上；事实实上上officialnativeactually4._(n.&vt.)命令；指令；掌握命令；指令；掌握5._(n.&vt.)请请求；要求求；要求6._(n.)口音；腔口音；腔调调；重音；重音7.
8、_(adv.)直接；挺直直接；挺直 (adj.)直的；笔直的；正直的直的；笔直的；正直的commandrequestaccentstraight联联想串想串记记8._(vt.)以以为为根根据据；(n.)基基部部；基基地地；基基础础_(adj.)基本的；基基本的；基础础的的_(n.)基基础础；基本原；基本原则则9._(adj.)逐逐渐渐的的；逐逐步步的的_(adv.)逐逐渐渐地地；逐步地逐步地10._(adj.)较较 后后 的的；后后 半半 的的；(两两 者者 中中)后后 者者 的的_(adj.)最最新新的的；最最近近的的_(adv.)后后来来；(adj.)后后期期的的_(adv.)近来；最近近
9、来；最近11._(n.)本身；本体；身份本身；本体；身份_(vt.)认认出；出；鉴鉴定定basebasicbasisgradualgraduallylatterlatestlaterlatelyidentityidentify12._(adj.)流流利利的的；流流畅畅的的_(adv.)流流利利地地；流流畅畅地地_(n.)流利；流流利；流畅畅13._(adj.)频频繁繁的的；常常见见的的_(adv.)常常常常；频频繁地繁地14._(n.)词语词语；表示；表达；表示；表达_(vt.)表达表达15._(vt.)辨辨认认出出,承承认认；公公认认_(n.)认认出出；认识认识fluentfluentlyf
10、luencyfrequentfrequentlyexpressionexpressrecognizerecognition.短短语语互互译译1.超超过过；非常；非常,不只是不只是,不不仅仅是是 _2.走近；上来；提出走近；上来；提出 _3.以以为为基基础础 _4.信不信由你信不信由你 _5.扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与 _more thancome upbe based onbelieve it or notplay a part(in)6.because of _7.the number of _8.at present _9.make use of _10.such as _因因为
11、为；由于；由于的数量的数量现现在；目前在；目前利用；使用利用；使用例如例如；像；像这这种的种的.句型透句型透视视1.混混合合疑疑问问句句：特特殊殊疑疑问问词词+do you think/believe/imagine/guess.+其他其他Which country _(你你认认为为)has the most English learners?2.even if引引导导的的让让步状步状语语从句从句 Native English speakers can understand each other _ _(即即使使他他们们所所讲讲的的语语言不尽相同言不尽相同).do you thinkeven
12、ifthey dont speak the same kind of English3.more.than.与其与其不如不如It _(更更多多地地是是以以德德语语为为基基础础)the English we speak at present.4.no such+单单数可数名数可数名词词Believe it or not,there is _(没没有像有像标标准英准英语这样语这样的的东东西西).5.the way+定定语语从句从句However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in _(人人们讲话们讲话的方式的方式).was based
13、more on German thanno such thing as standard Englishthe way people speak.语语篇完形篇完形 At the end of the 16th century,English was only 1._ by people from England.They were 2._ speakers.Today,the largest 3._ of people speaking English may be in China.A lot of Chinese people speak English 4._ their foreign
14、 language.spokennativenumberas The English language has 5._ quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded more or less like German for it was 6._ on German,but modern English sounds 7._ like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.Two people had great effects o
15、n the English changes.One was Shakespeare,8._ enlarged the English 9._;the other was Noah Webster,who wrote a dictionary which gave American English its own 10._.changedbasedmorewhovocabularyidentity1.选选用框中用框中词汇词汇的适当形式完成句子的适当形式完成句子come up,make full use of,recognize,base on,command(1)_ the strong evi
16、dence,the Mekong River attack suspects are on trial now.(2)The policeman _ the thief to hand in what he had stolen.(3)The moment I answered the phone,I _ his voice.(4)Im afraid something urgent has _.(5)Teachers should train students to _ dictionaries.Based oncommandedrecognizedcome upmake full use
17、of2.选选用句型透用句型透视视中的句式仿写句子中的句式仿写句子(1)你你认为认为他他们队为们队为什么能什么能赢赢得那得那场场足球足球赛赛呢？呢？Why do you think their team could win the football match?(2)即使他邀即使他邀请请我我,我也不去参加他的聚会。我也不去参加他的聚会。I wont take part in his party even if/though he invites me.(3)他他们们没回家没回家,我与其我与其说说是担心是担心,还还不如不如说说是是恼恼火火(annoyed)。I was more annoyed t
18、han worried when they didnt come home.(4)我我们们的社区没有的社区没有这样这样的人。的人。There is no such man in our neighborhood.(5)很多人喜很多人喜欢欢中国好声音中国好声音(the Voice of China)评评定定(judge)歌手的方法。歌手的方法。Many people like the way a singer is judged in the Voice of China.核核心心考考点点base3年年1考考request3年年1考考recognize3年年1考考come up(with)3年年
19、3考考even if/though3年年6考考no such+单单数可数名数可数名词词3年年1考考1.base vt.以以为为根据根据 n.基部；基地；基基部；基地；基础础(1)base.on/upon.把把建立于建立于基基础础之上之上be based on/upon 以以为为基基础础；依据；依据(2)at the base of 以以为为基点基点,在在的脚底的脚底(3)basic adj.基本的；基基本的；基础础的的basis n.基基础础；基本原；基本原则则Based on a novel by Liu Zhenyun,Back to 1942 tells the true story o
20、f Henan Province.一一九九四四二二是是根根据据刘刘震震云云的的小小说说改改编编而而成成的的,它它讲讲述述了了发发生生在河南省的真在河南省的真实实故事。故事。The government provides them with not only food and shelter,but also the basic skills for their living.政政府府不不仅仅为为他他们们提提供供食食物物和和住住处处,还还为为他他们们提提供供基基本本的的谋谋生生技技能。能。(2011湖湖南南高高考考)The researchers conclusion _ _ _ a study
21、 of the African elephants DNA.调查调查者的者的结论结论是以研究非洲大象的是以研究非洲大象的DNA为为基基础础的。的。They found the plane _ _ _ _ the mountain.他他们们在山脚下在山脚下发现发现了了这这架架飞飞机。机。was based onat the base of【高考高考链链接接】(2012江江苏苏高高考考)_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.A.Based B.Basing
22、C.Base D.To base【解解析析】选选B。考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词。句句意意：如如果果把把一一个个重重要要决决定定更更多多地地建建立立在在情情感感上上而而不不是是理理智智上上,你你迟迟早早会会后后悔悔的的。根根据据题题目目与与选选项项可可知知本本题题考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词,C项项是是谓谓语语动动词词,首首先先排排除除。A项项过过去去分分词词表表示示被被动动,但但句句子子的的主主语语不不是是base的的承承受受者者,因因此此A项项应应排排除除。B项项和和D项项都都表表示示主主动动,但但不不定定式式表表示示将将来来,在句中常作目的或结果状语在句中常作目的或结果状语,与句意不符。
23、与句意不符。mand n.C命令；指令；命令；指令；U掌握掌握 vt.命令；指命令；指挥挥；支配支配(1)at ones command 听某人支配听某人支配under ones commandunder the command of sb.由某人指由某人指挥挥have a good command of 掌握；精通掌握；精通(尤指尤指语语言言)(be)in command of 掌握；控制掌握；控制take command of 控制；担任控制；担任的指的指挥挥(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事command that.(should)do.命令命令
24、做做 He has a hundred men under his command.这这一百个人由他指一百个人由他指挥挥。He was in command of the army.他控制着他控制着军队军队。She has a good command of English.她精通英她精通英语语。他命令我他命令我们们一个小一个小时时内完成内完成这项这项工作。工作。(一句多一句多译译)He commanded that _ _ _ the work in an hour.=He commanded _ _ _ the work in an hour.【熟熟词词生生义义】读读句子猜含句子猜含义义G
25、reat men command our respect.()we should finishus to finish赢赢得得【想想一一想想】command后后面面跟跟从从句句时时,从从句句谓谓语语用用(should+)do/be done,想一想想一想还还有哪些有哪些动词动词有有类类似的用法？似的用法？【参考答案参考答案】3.request n.vt.请请求；要求求；要求(1)make(a)request for.请请求求；要求；要求at ones requestat the request of sb.应应某人的要求某人的要求(2)request sb.to do sth.请请求某人做某事
26、求某人做某事request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物向某人要求某物request that sb.(should)do sth.请请求求It is requested that.据要求据要求 At the publics request,the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly.应应公众要求公众要求,新的交通新的交通规则进规则进行了微行了微调调。The little boy requested a toy from/of his mother.小男孩向他的小男孩向他的妈妈妈妈要一个玩具。要一个玩具。所有的成所有
27、的成员员均被要求参加会均被要求参加会议议。(一句多一句多译译)All the members _ _ _ attend the meeting.=_ _ _ _ all the members should attend the meeting.are requested toItisrequested that【点点津津】可可以以说说request sb.to do sth.和和require sb.to do sth.,不不可可以以说说demand sb.to do sth.,但但可可以以说说demand of sb.to do sth.。【高考高考链链接接】(2010湖湖北北高高考考)D
28、uty is an act or a course of action that people _ you to take by social customs,law or religion.A.persuade B.expectC.request D.instruct【解解析析】选选B。考考查查动动词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意：职职责责是是人人们们依依据据社社会会习习俗俗、法法律律或或者者宗宗教教信信仰仰期期望望你你践践行行的的行行动动或或行行为为过过程程。根根据据职职责责的的定定义义可可知知,它它是是人人们们的的一一种种期期待待(expect)而而不不是是请请求求(request),因因
29、此此选选择择B。persuade说说服服,劝劝告告；request要要求求,请求；请求；instruct命令命令,指示指示,这三项均与语境意义不符。这三项均与语境意义不符。4.recognize vt.辨辨认认出；承出；承认认；公；公认认(1)recognize sb./ones voice 认认出某人出某人/听出某人的听出某人的 声音声音recognize.as/to be.承承认认/公公认认是是recognize that.认识认识到到/承承认认It is(generally)recognized that.人人们们公公认认(2)recognition n.认认出；出；认识认识out of
30、/beyond recognition 认认不出来不出来I recognized his voice the moment he opened his mouth.他一他一张张嘴嘴说话说话,我就听出了他的声音。我就听出了他的声音。(2011山山东东高高考考)Arthur Miller is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.阿瑟阿瑟米勒被公米勒被公认为认为20世世纪纪最最伟伟大的大的剧剧作家之一。作家之一。We _ Jobs _ _ a genius at computer.
31、我我们认为乔们认为乔布斯是个布斯是个电脑电脑天才。天才。_ _ _ _ the 30th Olympic Games was a great success.人人们们公公认认第第30届奥运会是一届奥运会是一项项非常成功的非常成功的赛赛事。事。recognizedto beIt is recognized that【高考高考链链接接】(2010辽辽宁宁高高考考)Alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical circles.A.to recognize B.recognizingC.recognize D.recognized【解解析析】选选D。
32、句句意意：亚亚历历山山大大试试图图让让他他的的工工作作在在医医学学圈圈内内得得到到认认可可。宾宾语语his work和和recognize之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系,所所以以用用过去分词作宾语补足语。过去分词作宾语补足语。e up观观察句子察句子,写出黑体部分的含写出黑体部分的含义义An old lady came up to me and asked for directions.()A good solution to the problem came up at the meeting.()走近走近被提出被提出When the moon came up,the young peop
33、le began their celebration.()Plants come up again every spring.()Ill let him know if anything comes up.()太阳、月亮等升起太阳、月亮等升起长长出出,发发芽芽发发生生【点点津津】(1)come up“被被提提出出”,其其主主语语是是被被提提出出的的内内容容,主主动动表表示被示被动动；(2)come up with“提提出出”,其其主主语语是是提提出出某某项项内内容容的的人人,后后面面的的宾宾语语是被提出的内容。例如：是被提出的内容。例如：They came up with the plan a
34、t the meeting yesterday.他他们们在昨天的会在昨天的会议议上提出了上提出了这这个个计计划。划。【助助记记】come up 面面面面观观【高考高考链链接接】(2012浙江高考浙江高考)Alvin,are you coming with us?Id love to,but something unexpected _.A.has come up B.was coming upC.had come up D.would come up【解解析析】选选A。考考查查时时态态。句句意意：阿阿尔尔文文,你你和和我我们们一一块块来来吗吗？我我愿愿意意,但但是是发发生生了了意意想想不不到到
35、的的事事。has come up为为现现在在完完成成时时,表表示示过过去去的的动动作作对对现现在在造造成成影影响响；was coming up表表示示过过去去某某一一时时间间正正在在进进行行的的动动作作；had come up为为过过去去完完成成时时,表表示示过过去去某某一一时时间间之之前前已已完完成成的的动动作作；would come up表表示示从从过过去去某某一一时时间间看看将将要要发发生生的的动动作作。根根据据语语境境“我我愿愿意意,但但是是发发生生了了意意想想不不到到的的事事”导导致致了了我我没没去去,强强调调对对现现在在的的影影响响。故选故选A。6.make use of利用；使用
36、利用；使用如如何何“利利用用”make good use of好好利用好好利用make full use of充分利用充分利用make the best ofmake the most ofmake little use of几乎不利用；不充分利几乎不利用；不充分利用用(2012湖湖北北高高考考)My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you _ _ _ it that determines who you are.我我的的经经历历告告诉诉我我不不是是你你拥拥有有什什么么而而是是你你怎怎样样利利用用你你所
37、所拥拥有的决定了你的未来。有的决定了你的未来。Scientists are developing new ways to _ _ _ _ the solar energy more effectively.科学家科学家们们正在开正在开发发更加有效地充分利用太阳能的新途径。更加有效地充分利用太阳能的新途径。【点点津津】make use of短短语语的的构构成成特特点点为为：动动词词+名名词词+介介词词。此此类类短短语语使用使用时时通常做以下通常做以下变变化：化：(1)把把use提前使用被提前使用被动语态动语态；(2)把把use提前作先行提前作先行词词用用,其后接定其后接定语语从句。从句。make
38、 use ofmake the most/bestofWe should think of what use can be made of such material.我我们应该们应该考考虑虑怎么用怎么用这这种材料。种材料。His success lies in the use that he can make of every chance to improve himself.他的成功在于他善于利用每一个机会来提升自己。他的成功在于他善于利用每一个机会来提升自己。7.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they
39、 dont speak the same kind of English.以以英英语语作作为为母母语语的的人人,即即使使他他们们所所讲讲的的语语言言不不尽尽相相同同,也也可可以以互相理解。互相理解。even if引引导导让让步步状状语语从从句句,相相当当于于even though,意意为为“即即使使,尽尽管管”。Even if you take a taxi,you will still miss the train.即使你乘出租即使你乘出租车车也赶不上也赶不上这这班火班火车车了。了。Even though we could afford it,we wouldnt go abroad for
40、 our vacation.即使我即使我们们付得起付得起这这笔笔钱钱,我我们们也不出国度假。也不出国度假。【辨析辨析】if引导状语从句引导状语从句,意为意为“如果如果”as if/though引导状语或表语从句引导状语或表语从句,意为意为“好像好像”。例如：例如：It seemed as if the meeting would never end.if only引导虚拟语气引导虚拟语气,意为意为“要是要是多好啊！多好啊！”。例。例如：如：If only I worked in Tiangong-1!only if引导状语从句引导状语从句,放于句首主句用部分倒装。放于句首主句用部分倒装。例例如
41、：如：Only if you put your heart into your study can you get improved.【高考高考链链接接】(2012北京高考北京高考)Look at those clouds!Dont worry._ it rains,well still have a great time.A.Even if B.As thoughC.In case D.If only【解解析析】选选A。考考查查连连词词。句句意意：看看看看那那些些乌乌云云！别别担担心心。即即使使下下雨雨,我我们们仍仍然然会会玩玩得得很很开开心心。even if虽虽然然,即即使使；as tho
42、ugh好好像像,仿仿佛佛；in case万万一一,以以防防；if only要要是是就就好了。好了。8.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当当时时的的英英语语更更多多地地是是以以德德语语为为基基础础,而而不不是是我我们们今今天天所所说说的的英英语语。(1)more.than.与其与其说说倒不如倒不如说说more than数数词词或从句或从句 超超过过more than形容形容词词 非常非常more than名名词词 不只是；不不只是；不仅仅是是(2)no more than 只不只不过过；仅仅仅仅no
43、t more than 不超不超过过；至多；至多rather than 而不是而不是other than 除了；不同于除了；不同于She was _ _ _ _ when her son lied.当她的儿子撒当她的儿子撒谎时谎时,与其与其说说她生气倒不如她生气倒不如说说她她伤伤心。心。The writer is more in name than in reality.这这个作家名不副个作家名不副实实。Im more than happy to take you there in my car.我非常我非常乐乐意用我的意用我的车带车带你去那儿。你去那儿。Signing the forms i
44、s more than a formality.在那些表格上在那些表格上签签名不名不仅仅仅仅是一种形式。是一种形式。more sad than angry9.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你信不信由你,(世界上世界上)没有什么没有什么标标准英准英语语。“no such单单数数名名词词”意意为为“没没有有这这样样的的”,其其中中单单数数名名词词前前不可再加冠不可再加冠词词,相当于相当于“not such a/an单单数名数名词词”。In the mens 110m hurdles final,Am
45、ericas Merritt won the gold medal,but Liu Xiang had no such luck.在在110米米跨跨栏栏决决赛赛中中来来自自美美国国的的梅梅里里特特夺夺得得金金牌牌,刘刘翔翔却却没没有有这样这样的运气。的运气。We can find no such tour guide in our city.在我在我们这们这座城市我座城市我们们找不到找不到这样这样的的导导游。游。【拓展拓展】such还还可用于以下几种可用于以下几种结结构：构：a(n)+adj.+单单数名数名词词(1)such+adj.+复数名复数名词词 +that结结果状果状语语从句从句 ad
46、j.+不可数名不可数名词词(2)such.as.像像这样这样的的(3)such as例例如如,用用于于列列举举人人或或事事物物,与与所所列列举举的的内内容容之之间间没没有有标标点符号分隔点符号分隔 比比较较下列句子下列句子,说说明其明其连连接接词词的作用的作用A:The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.(as引引导导_)B:The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.(that引引导导_)定定语
47、语从句从句结结果状果状语语从句从句【高考高考链链接接】(2010重重庆庆高高考考)Everything comes with _ price;there is no such _ thing as a free lunch in the world.A.a,a B.the,/C.the,a D.a,/【解解析析】选选D。句句意意：任任何何事事情情都都是是要要付付出出代代价价的的,在在这这个个世世界界上上并并没没有有免免费费的的午午餐餐。price是是可可数数名名词词单单数数形形式式,表表泛泛指指须要加不定冠词须要加不定冠词a；no such后的名词一般不用冠词。后的名词一般不用冠词。1.exp
48、ression n.词语词语；表示；表达；表情；表示；表达；表情观观察句子察句子,写出黑体部分的含写出黑体部分的含义义He closed his letter with an expression of grateful thanks.()At first well learn new words and expressions and then go over the text.()He looked at me with a very strange expression.()In class the teacher gave expression to his hopes for a n
49、ew subject.()表达表达词语词语表情表情表示表示2.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与扮演一个角色；参与She plays an active part in all kinds of activities held by school.她她积积极参与学校极参与学校举举行的各种活行的各种活动动。【点点津津】play a part in.=play a role in.在在中中扮扮演演一一个角色；个角色；在在中起作用中起作用The famous actress,Fan Bingbing,plays a leading role in the TV play.著名女演著名女
50、演员员范冰冰在范冰冰在这这部部电视剧电视剧里担任主角。里担任主角。观观察例句察例句,完成填空完成填空The part of the old grandmother was played by Julia.本本句句为为_(简简单单句句/复复合合句句),_在在句句中中作作主主语语,谓谓语语动动词词play用了用了_语态语态(主主动动/被被动动)。The part that she played in this project was very important.本本句句为为_(简简单单句句/复复合合句句),含含有有that引引导导的的_,先先行行词为词为_。简单简单句句part被被动动复合句复合