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1、1surf v冲浪surfing n冲浪(运动)2represent v代表，表示representation n代表，描绘representative n代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的3base v以为基础basis n基础；根据basic adj.基础的；根据的basically adv.主要地，基本地4equip v装备，配备equipment n装备，设备，用具5defend v(在比赛中)防守，防卫defence n防守；防卫6die v死，死亡dead adj.死的death n死，死亡dying adj.快要死的1represent v代表，表示；描述，描绘Mr.Black w
2、as chosen to represent the company at the conference.代表This painting represents the first settlers arriving in America.描述，描绘This essay represents a considerable improvement on your recent work.表明，表示2goal n球门；进球得分；目标，目的He will keep goal in the football match tomorrow.球门The crowd cheered when the home
3、 team scored a goal.进球得分You should set yourself a goal at the beginning of each school year.目标，目的Words and Phrasesrepresent v代表，表示，描述，描绘；意味着 (教材P26)Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。例1The annualrings represent the amount of wood formed each year.
4、年轮代表着每年生成的木材量。例2 The figures represent a general decline in employment.这些数字意味着就业人数总体在下降。造句地图上的红线表示铁路。The red lines on the map represent railways. 知识拓展(1)representwith用代表representas 把描述成represent oneself as 自称是(2)representation n. 代表；描述representative n. 代表adj. 典型的，有代表性的be representative of 代表的即学即练单句语
5、法填空The article represents the millionaire as a simple family man.This novel is a vivid representation(represent) of the darkness of that period.This case is representative of the attitudes of the police.basis n基础；根据 (教材P26)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popul
6、arity.足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。例1The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.她的意见的依据是从杂志里看来的。例2The article will form the basis for our discussion.这篇文章将形成我们讨论的基础。造句我的理论是以可靠的事实作为根据的。My theory is established on the solid basis of facts. 知识拓展(1)on the basis of 在的基础上，根据on a regular bas
7、is 定期(2)base v. 以为依据be based on 以为基础即学即练单句语法填空Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.I suggested that we meet on a regular basis to discuss the progress.The novel is based(base)on historical facts.equipment n装备，设备，用具 (教材P26)You dont need expensive equipment; even the ball doesnt have to c
8、ost much money.你不需要昂贵的设备，甚至球也不需要花很多钱。例1The government has an interest in bringing in new equipment.政府对引进新设备非常感兴趣。例2With the modern equipment，our work was finished ahead of time.有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。造句实验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了。After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged.知识拓展(1)a piece/set of
9、equipment 一件/套设备(2)equip vt. 装备equipwith 用装备be equipped with 装备着即学即练单句语法填空As students，we should equip ourselves with knowledge.Our new school is equipped(equip) with all the necessaries in teaching.I have been busy preparing all the broken office equipment(equip) these days.小片段助记Our school is equipp
10、ed with advanced teaching equipment.content n满意，满足；内容 v使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的(教材P26)All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pel did when he was a boy.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地玩着一个由塑料袋做成的球，就像贝利小时候那样。例1This is a good book as far as its cont
11、ent is concerned.就内容来说，这是一本好书。例2We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。造句我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。We can swim in the river to our hearts content. 知识拓展(1)to ones hearts content 尽情地，心满意足地(2)content oneself with 使自己满足于(3)be content with sth. 满足于某事be content to do sth. 满足于做某事(4)c
12、ontents 所含之物；(书的)目录即学即练单句语法填空She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.As there is no butter，we shall have to content ourselves with dry bread.My parents are content to live(live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and vegetables are fresh.defend v(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫
13、；辩护(教材P26)You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional playershow they use their bodies to pass，score and defend can be amazing to see你不必是一个球迷就能认识到职业球员的技术看到他们如何利用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的例1The best way to defend is to attack.最好的防御就是进攻。例2We will defend our motherland to the last drop of
14、our blood.我们愿为保卫祖国流尽最后一滴血。造句无论付出什么样的代价，我们都要捍卫我们的城市。We shall defend our city，whatever the cost may be. 知识拓展(1)defendfrom/against保护免受；保卫抵御(2)defence n. 防御；保卫；防御物in defence of 保卫；为辩护即学即练单句语法填空The wall was built to defend the road from being washed(wash) away by the sea.When he was in danger，two friends
15、 came to his defence(defend)More and more women today have learned to arise in defence of their legal rights.小片段助记In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.put down 放下；记下；镇压 (教材P27)World War had broken out months bef
16、ore，but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但是英国和德国的士兵放下他们的枪，一起踢足球例1Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget it.让我记下你的电话号码以免忘记。例2They tried to put down the rebellion by force.他们试图用暴力镇压叛乱。造句把那把刀子放下，以免伤人！Put down that knife before
17、you hurt somebody! 知识拓展put away把收起来，储存put out 熄灭；扑灭；出版；生产put off 推迟；延期put up 举起，张贴；提供(价格)；留宿某人put up with 忍受即学即练单句语法填空Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.Put away the tools after work，will you?Smoking is forbidden here.Please put your cigarette outMary is really good at taking notes in
18、 class.She can put down almost every word her teacher says.conflict n武装冲突，战斗，战争，冲突，矛盾 v矛盾，冲突，抵触(教材P27)one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平时刻。例1Armed conflict may break out at any moment.武装冲突有一触即发之势。例2The two stories conflicted，so I did not know what to believe.两个故事
19、相冲突，我不知道相信哪一个。造句两国间的冲突终于导致了一场战争。The conflict between the two countries finally caused a war. 知识拓展(1)armed/military conflict武装/军事冲突come into conflict with 与发生冲突in conflict with 与相冲突(2)conflict with 与发生冲突即学即练单句语法填空She often comes into conflict with her motherinlaw.She found herself in conflict with he
20、r parents over her future career.If so，your points of view are bound to conflict with his.a matter of 关乎的事情 (教材P27)Some people believe football is a matter of life and death，有些人认为足球是关系重大的事情，例1I take this seriously.Its a matter of principle.我对此很认真。这是原则问题。例2Its a matter of luck whether we are successf
21、ul.我们是否成功是碰运气的事。造句这是生死攸关的大事，不可掉以轻心。Its a matter of life and death，and we cant treat it lightly. 知识拓展a matter of opinion看法(不同的)问题as a matter of fact 事实上as a matter of interest 出于兴趣to make matters worse 使情况更糟的是即学即练单句语法填空As a matter of fact，I know nothing about this book.I lost my way in the forest，and
22、 to make matters worse(bad)，it became dark.Whether or not he is any good as a manager is a matter of opinion.Sentence Patternsgiven that引导条件状语从句(教材P26)Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! 考虑到尼尔阿姆斯特
23、朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！句式分析：given that意为“考虑到，鉴于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。例1Given that you had very little help，I think you did very well under the circumstances.考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种情况下，你已经干得不错了。例2Given that there is no traffic delay，I will be there on time.只要没有交通阻塞，我会按时到那儿。造句如果他能再一次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。
24、Given that he can get another chance，he will surely succeed. 知识拓展与given that用法类似的还有：provided (that) providing (that)倘若；在情况/条件下suppose/supposing (that) 倘若；在情况/条件下翻译You can use the room providing/provided/supposing that you keep it clean and tidy(只要你保持干净整洁)即学即练单句语法填空I will accompany you provided/provi
25、ding(provide) that I am well enough.Given(give) that hes had six months to do this，he hasnt made much progress.Suppose/Supposing(suppose) that we miss the train，what shall we do?it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语(教材P28)It is amazing to see how professional players use their bodies to pass，score and defend.看职业球员如何利
26、用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的。句式分析：It is amazing to see是句式“It isadj.to do sth.”意为“做某事是的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。例1It is interesting to look at differences between schools in different countries.了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很有趣的。例2It is not easy to make him change his mind.让他改变主意不容易。造句在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。It is hard to finish the
27、work in such a short time. 知识拓展(1)在It is adj. for sb.to do sth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在It is adj. of sb.to do sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为：sb. be adj. to do sth.。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，good，stupid，sill
28、y，careful等。(3)It is n to do sth.做某事是 It takes sb.sometime to do sth.某人花费某些时间做某事翻译Sometimes its necessary for children to make their own choices(孩子们有必要做出他们自己的选择)It is careless of you to make so many mistakes(你犯了这么多错误太粗心了) in your composition.Its a pleasure to talk with you(和你谈话是件愉快的事)即学即练单句语法填空It is
29、much more difficult to judge(judge) oneself than to judge others.It is necessary for us to practise speaking English every day.It was crazy of you to go skating on such thin ice.It took them about half an hour to work out the difficult maths problem.1(教材P26)Football as we know it today started in Gr
30、eat Britain，where the game was given new rules.分析：此句为主从复合句。Football started in Great Britain是句子的主干，其中as we know it today是as引导的定语从句修饰先行词Football；逗号后面为where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Great Britain。译文：我们今天所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里比赛被赋予了新的规则。2(教材P26)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its p
31、opularity.分析：此句为主从复合句。That football is such a simple game to play是that引导的主语从句，其中to play为不定式作定语修饰game；后面的is perhaps the basis构成系表结构。译文：足球是一项非常简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。教材高考1.Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.(2019天津卷) If special clothes are used，they should truly represent a
32、 given period.2.Goals were hung in the air.Football as we know it today started in Great Britain(2019全国卷) Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin.3.That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.(2018全国卷)“Small talk is the basis of good manners，
33、” he says.4.You dont need expensive equipment; even the ball doesnt have to cost much money.(2019江苏卷) developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities.5.All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball(2019全国卷)Questions about subject content are g
34、enerally welcomed.6.Another factor behind footballs global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.(2019浙江卷)according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).7.how they use their bodies to pass，score and defend can be amazing to see(2018浙
35、江卷)one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.8.one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.(2017北京卷)whose objectives conflict with our own，with the real world as the chessboard.9.Some people believe football is a matter of life and death，(2018天津卷)She ha
36、d requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death.单句语法填空1Not many people love surfing(surf) on the Internet.2Dont be content with such a small success.3A computer is the most important piece of equipment(equip) you will buy.4I think we should consider the two factors(factor) about th
37、e problem.5What points can be raised in defence(defend) of this argument?6I have the honor of being sent as their representative(represent)7Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence.8Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent.9Its impossible for me to be(be
38、) there before eight.10Given(give) that the contract is strictly carried out，we will give you another bigger contract.短语填空go back，be known as，to ones hearts content，end with，whats more，break down，takefor example，break out，put down，a matter of 1My interest in stamp collecting goes back to my school d
39、ays.2She is known as a successful singer and composer.3The quality of the ambulance service is a matter of life and death.4Its a useful book，and whats more，not an expensive one.5Not long after his return，a local war broke out near his town.6She put down the phone，sighed，and shook her head sadly.7She
40、 took refuge in the library，where she read to her hearts content8Its possible to recover from some types of cancer.Take skin cancer for example9The lecture ended with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.10The pills which contains this kind of chemical can break down the fat in the body.课文语法填空Nowadays，
41、football is popular enough to attract millions of players and fans all over the world.It has a history that 1.goes(go) back over two thousand years to Ancient China.In fact，football we now play started in Great Britain，where the game 2.was given(give) new rules.The reasons why football is so popular
42、 are as follows：First，football is such a simple and cheap game to play 3.that you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball 4.made(make) of plastic bags; just like Pel did when he was a boy.The second one is that it is a game with 5.creativity(create) and excitement on the field.It is
43、 amazing 6.to see(see) how professional players use their bodies to pass，score and defend，or to feel the excitement of a game 7.ending(end) with a surprising twist.Whats more，football breaks 8.down walls and brings people together on and off the field.For example，British and German 9.soldiers(soldier) put down their guns and played football together on Christmas Day 1914.So just as Bill Shankly said，“Football is much more 10.than just a sport.”