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1、中考英语易混词汇辨析1.be able to & can【例句】1.Nobody can / is able to answer the question.be able to和can都有“会;能够”之意。表示现在或过去的能力,两者可通用,如例句1。2.She is able to speak English well.can作情态动词,无人称和数的变化,而be able to有人称、时态和数的变化,如例句2。3.She will be able to go to England next week.be able to可以表示将来的能力,而can一般只表示现在和过去的能力,如例句3。4.I
2、hope to be able to join the reading club.be able to可用在不定式符号to之后,而can不能,如例句4。5.Can you help me with my English?表示请求和允许时,只能用can,而不能用be able to,如例句5。用be able to或can的适当形式填空。1. _ I ask you some questions? Of course.2.If we go to a higher place, you will _ see us clearly.3.Helen _ read storybooks at the a
3、ge of four.Key:1.Can 2.be able to 3.could / was able to2.advise & suggest【点拨】advise和suggest都有“建议”的意思,后面都可以接名词或that从句(advise / suggest that sb.(should) do sth.),但它们也有区别:advise常用于advise sb.to do sth.结构中;suggest常用于suggest doing sth.结构中,两者均表示“建议(某人)做某事”。 3.exciting & excited【点拨】exciting和excited既可作定语,又可作
4、表语。exciting意为“令人兴奋的”,通常用于修饰事物;excited用来表示人的心情,即某人对某物(事)“感到兴奋、激动”,通常用于修饰人。4.when & while【点拨】 (1) when既可以指时间点,也可指一段时间,而while只可以指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是短暂性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while引导的时间状语从句中的动词一般是延续性动词。(2) when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生,也可以是先后发生;而while则强调主句的动作在从句动作发生的过程中发生或主句和从句中的两个动作同时发生。5.provide sb.wit
5、h sth.& provide for sb.【例句】1.Miss Yang provided some free fruit for the poor people.2.We are here to provide the public with a service.provide意为“提供,给予”,常见搭配为provide sb.with sth.,相当于provide sth.for sb.,表示“给某人提供某物”,如句1、2。3.In those days, he couldnt even provide for his family.provide for sb.意为“为某人提供生活
6、所需”,如句3。根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词。1.红十字会给灾民们提供了食物和衣服。 The Red Cross _ food and clothes _ the disaster victims.2.这个项目旨在为年轻人提供就业机会。 The project was started to _ young people _ work.3.她的新工作很繁忙,但她需要它来养家糊口。 She needs her new busy work to _ _ her family.Key:1.provided; for 2.provide; with 3.provide for 6.borrow,len
7、d & keep【例句】1.She borrowed a book from the school library.borrow意为“借入”,常见结构为borrow sth.from sb.。如句1。2.Can you lend me your pen / lend your pen to me?lend意为“借出”,常见结构为lend sb.sth./ lend sth.to sb.。如句2。3. How long can I keep the book? You can keep it for two weeks.keep意为“保存,留着,不退还”,是延续性动词,可与表示时间段的状语连用。
8、如句3。根据句意,用borrow, lend或keep填空。1. Could I _ your new storybook? Yes.Here you are.But you mustnt _ it to others.2. How long can I _ your car? For a week.3.Wang Ping wanted to _ some money from me.Key:1.borrow; lend 2.keep 3.borrow 7.a / an + 序数词【点拨】一般情况下,序数词前面加the表示顺序。有时序数词前面加不定冠词,即“a / an +序数词”表示“再一”
9、、“又一”。比较:She is sitting in the second row.她坐在第二排。Shall I ask him a second time?我还要再问他一次吗? 8.beat & win【点拨】beat意为“打,击打,(在比赛中)打败(某人)”,常用作及物动词。如:Why did your father beat you just now?刚才你爸爸为什么打你?The rain is beating against the window.雨水正敲打着窗户。She beat all the other runners in the 100-meter race.百米赛跑中她得了
10、第一。【拓展】win是及物动词,意为“赢得,获胜”,与beat有相近的意思,但是其后常跟游戏(game)、比赛(race)、选举(election)等。9.die of & die from【点拨】die为不及物动词,意为“死,死亡;(草木)枯萎”,其现在分词形式为dying。die out表示“灭绝;消失”。如:These flowers are dying.这些花正在枯萎。Will that style of music die out in ten years?那种风格的音乐会在十年后消失吗?【拓展】die of和die from都表示“死于”。若死因存在于人体之内(主要指疾病、衰老等自
11、身的原因),一般用die of;若死因不是存在于人体之内,而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等外部原因),一般用die from。10.missing & lost【例句】1.The book had two pages missing.missing修饰物的时候,意为“缺失的,不在的”,如例句1;它修饰人的时候,意为“失踪的,行踪不明的”。如:The child has been missing for two weeks.孩子已经失踪两周了。2.The letter never arrived.It must have got lost in the post.lost修饰物的时候,意为“丢失了
12、的”,如例句2;它修饰人的时候,意为“迷途的”。如:It was so dark that we got lost very quickly.天太黑了,我们很快就迷路了。【体验】 选用missing或lost填空。1.Some firemen were _ after the fire. 2.Where should I go to look for my _ wallet? Key:1.missing 2.lost11.information & news & message【点拨】information意为“资料,信息”,是不可数名词,指通过阅读、调查、学习等方法所获得的或收集到的新闻、资料、情报等信息。如:How did you collect the information about this school?你是怎么收集到关于这所学校的信息的?【拓展】news也是不可数名词,指报纸、电台或电视等传播媒体向公众报道的新闻,也可指某人原来不知道或没有听说过的消息;message是可数名词,意为“消息,音信”, 指从一个人传向另一个人的讯息,它可以是口头的,也可以是书面的。如:No news is good news.没有消息便是好消息。May I take a message for you?我可以为你捎个信吗?4