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1、TED为什么屏幕剥夺了我们的快乐So,a few years ago I heard an interesting rumor.Apparently,the head of a large pet food company would go into the annual shareholders meeting with can of dog food.And he would eat the can of dog food.And this was his way of convincing them that if it was good enough for him,it was go
2、od enough for their pets.This strategy is now known as dogfooding,and its a common strategy in the business world.年前，我听到个有趣的传。据说，家型宠物品企业的负责 会参加年度的股东会，并带着罐狗粮。他会吃这罐狗粮。这证明那些品对他够好，然也对宠物够好。这个策略现在被称作“吃狗粮”，这是商业中常见的策略。It doesnt mean everyone goes in and eats dog food,but businesspeople will use their own pr
3、oducts to demonstrate that they feel-that theyre confident in them.Now,this is a widespread practice,but I think whats really interesting is when you find exceptions to this rule,when you find cases of businesses or people in businesses who dont use their own products.Turns out theres one industry w
4、here this happens in a common way,in a pretty regular way,and that is the screen-based tech industry.这个策略并不是指每个都去吃狗的物，是商会他们的产品 来证实他们的感觉 他们对的产品很信。现在这已是个普通的做法，但我认为真正有趣的是你会发现 这个规则的例外 当你发现在许多商业案例中，企业不使的产品。事实证明，这种情况在个业中 经常发，这个业就是基于屏幕的技术业。题：Why our screens make us less happy?演讲者：Adam Alterrumorn.传sharehol
5、dern.股东be enough to 以strategy n.策略businesspeoplen.商业demonstratev.证明；演示exceptionn.例外turn into 变成So,in 2010,Steve Jobs,when he was releasing the iPad,described the iPad as a device that was extraordinary.The best browsing experience youve ever had;way better than a laptop,way better than a smartphone.
6、Its an incredible experience.在2010年，当史蒂夫乔布斯发布 iPad 时，他将 iPad 描述为个“凡”的设备。“你将得到从未有过的浏览体验；笔记本电脑好得多，智能机好得多。那是种难以置信的体验。”A couple of months later,he was approached by a journalist from the New York Times,and they had a long phone call.At the end of the call,the journalist threw in a question that seemed l
7、ike a sort of softball.He said to him,Your kids must love the iPad.Theres an obvious answer to this,but what Jobs said really staggered the journalist.He was very surprised,because he said,They havent used it.We limit how much technology our kids use at home.数后，纽约时报的记者与他联系，他们通了次很长的电话。在通话的最后，记者提出了个看似
8、关紧要的问题。他对乔布斯说：“你的孩定很喜欢 iPad。”这个问题有个显然的答案，但乔布斯的回答使把记者吓了跳。记者分惊讶，因为乔布斯回答：“他们还没过 iPad 呢。在家中我们限制他们使电产品。”This is a very common thing in the tech world.In fact,theres a school quite near Silicon Valley called the Waldorf School of the Peninsula,and they dont introduce screens until the eighth grade.这是件在技术界
9、常常见的事。事实上，硅附近有所学校 叫做华道夫半岛学校，这所学校在学们升到年级前不会使屏幕。extraordinary adj.凡的browsing n.浏览approached v.靠近；联系a sort of 点softball 垒球staggered adj.吃惊的Peninsula n.半岛Whats really interesting about the school is that 75 percent of the kids who go there have parents who are high-level Silicon Valley tech execs.So whe
10、n I heard about this,I thought it was interesting and surprising,and it pushed me to consider what screens were doing to me and to my family and the people I loved,and to people at large.真正有趣的是，这所学校75%的学家长 是硅的技术管。所以当我听到这件事时，我觉得很有趣且很惊讶。它促使我思考屏幕对我、我的家庭、我爱的，甚对所有做了什么。So for the last five years,as a prof
11、essor of business and psychology,Ive been studying the effect of screens on our lives.And I want to start by just focusing on how much time they take from us,and then we can talk about what that time looks like.What Im showing you here is the average 24-hour workday at three different points in hist
12、ory:2007-10 years ago-2015 and then data that I collected,actually,only last week.And a lot of things havent changed all that much.We sleep roughly seven-and-a-half to eight hours a day;some people say thats declined slightly,but it hasnt changed much.We work eight-and-a-half to nine hours a day.We
13、engage in survival activities-these are things like eating and bathing and looking after kids-about three hours a day.所以最近五年，作为个商业和理学教授，我直在研究屏幕对我们活的影响。我希望从关注屏幕花去了我们多少时间开始，然后我们再来讨论这些时间是什么样的。我现在展的是作的平均数据，分别是在三个时间点：2007年，也就是10年前，2015年，以及我上周刚刚收集的数据。很多事情并没有 发太的变化。每天我们约花 7 个半时到 8 个时睡觉；有说这个时间略微有下降，但变化不。作花费
14、我们 8 个半时到 9 个时。存活动 例如吃饭、洗澡、照看孩 花费我们三个时。execs n.管at large详尽的psychology n.理学slightlyadv.稍微engage in 从事于That leaves this white space.Thats our personal time.That space is incredibly important to us.Thats the space where we do things that make us individuals.Thats where hobbies happen,where we have clos
15、e relationships,where we really think about our lives,where we get creative,where we zoom back and try to work out whether our lives have been meaningful.We get some of that from work as well,but when people look back on their lives and wonder what their lives have been like at the end of their live
16、s,you look at the last things they say-they are talking about those moments that happen in that white personal space.So its sacred;its important to us.这留下了空。这些是我们的私时间。这段时间对我们关重要。因为它使我们成为与众不同的。在这段时间我们探索爱好、维持亲密的关系、思考、获得灵感和创意、回顾以及试图思考 过去的活是否有意义。当然我们在作中也做过这些，但当们在命 结束之前 回顾他们的活时，你会发现许多事情他们始终仍念念不忘 他们在说那些发在
17、图中空私时间中的事。所以，这些时间是神圣的；它对我们常重要。Now,what Im going to do is show you how much of that space is taken up by screens across time.In 2007,this much.That was the year that Apple introduced the first iPhone.Eight years later,this much.Now,this much.Thats how much time we spend of that free time in front of
18、our screens.This yellow area,this thin sliver,is where the magic happens.Thats where your humanity lives.And right now,its in a very small box.现在，我要向你们展的是 这些空中有多少时间被屏幕占据。2007 年，这么多。这是苹果发布第台 iPhone 的年份。8 年后，是这样的。到现在，这样。这是我们在空闲时间花费在屏幕上的时间。这个黄区域，这个细条，是最神奇的地。你的性存在于这段时间。但现在，这个区域已经很了。incrediblyadv.难以置信地in
19、dividualsn.个relationshipsn.关系zoom back回顾sacred adj.神圣的thin sliver细条magicn.魔法humanityn.性So what do we do about this?Well,the first question is:What does that red space look like?Now,of course,screens are miraculous in a lot of ways.I live in New York,a lot of my family lives in Australia,and I have a
20、 one-year-old son.The way Ive been able to introduce them to him is with screens.I couldnt have done that 15 or 20 years ago in quite the same way.So theres a lot of good that comes from them.那我们该怎么做呢？第个问题是：那个红的区域是什么样的？当然，屏幕从现在的很多看来 都是件不可思议的事。我在纽约活，我有许多家在澳利亚活，我还有个岁的。我通过屏幕将我的家介绍给我的。但在 15 或 20 年前，我完全法
21、这么做。不难看到，屏幕带给了我们许多好处。One thing you can do is ask yourself:What goes on during that time?How enriching are the apps that were using?And some are enriching.If you stop people while theyre using them and say,Tell us how you feel right now,they say they feel pretty good about these apps-those that focus
22、 on relaxation,exercise,weather,reading,education and health.They spend an average of nine minutes a day on each of these.These apps make them much less happy.About half the people,when you interrupt them and say,How do you feel?say they dont feel good about using them.件你可以做的事情是问问你：在那段时间发了什么？我们使的应很丰
23、富吗？有些很丰富。如果你打断正在机的并说：“告诉我们，你现在的感觉如何？”他们会说感觉很好 当他们使休闲、锻炼、天、阅读、教育和健康的机应时。们平均每天在这些应上花费 9 分钟。这些应让们更不开。约半的，当你打断他们并问：“你感觉如何？”他们回答感觉并不好。miraculous adj.不可思议的averagen.平均interrupt v.打断Whats interesting about these-dating,social networking,gaming,entertainment,news,web browsing-people spend 27 minutes a day on
24、 each of these.Were spending three times longer on the apps that dont make us happy.That doesnt seem very wise.有意思的是，在这些应上 约会、社交、游戏、娱乐、新闻、浏览页 们每天花 27 分钟。我们在使我们不开的应上花费了三倍的时间。这看起来并不明智。One of the reasons we spend so much time on these apps that make us unhappy is they rob us of stopping cues.Stopping c
25、ues were everywhere in the 20th century.They were baked into everything we did.A stopping cue is basically a signal that its time to move on,to do something new,to do something different.我们花很多时间在这些 使我们不兴的应上，原因之 是它们没有“停信号”。在 20 世纪，“停信号”曾经处不在。它乎存在于每件事。“停信号”提我们是时候前进，去做些新的事情，做些不同的事情。And-think about news
26、papers;eventually you get to the end,you fold the newspaper away,you put it aside.The same with magazines,books-you get to the end of a chapter,prompts you to consider whether you want to continue.You watched a show on TV,eventually the show would end,and then youd have a week until the next one cam
27、e.There were stopping cues everywhere.But the way we consume media today is such that there are no stopping cues.不妨想想报纸；最终你读到了结尾，于是你把报纸叠起来，放到旁。杂志和书与之相同你读到了最后章，于是你考虑是否要继续。你观看电视节，最终节结束，于是你要等待周才能看到下期。“停信号”曾经在活中的出现。但当今我们消费媒体的式已不再有“停信号”了。entertainment n.娱乐robv.剥夺basically adv.基本上chaptern.章promptv.促使cuen.
28、提示;信号So,we can get a cue about what to do from Western Europe,where they seem to have a number of pretty good ideas in the workplace.Heres one example.This is a Dutch design firm.And what theyve done is rigged the desks to the ceiling.And at 6pm every day,it doesnt matter who youre emailing or what
29、youre doing,the desks rise to the ceiling.我们可以从西欧得到点如何做的提。他们似乎对于作场所有很多好的想法。这有个例。这是家荷兰设计公司。他们将作桌与天花板连在了起。每天晚上 6 点，论你在写邮件或者做其他事情，桌会升到天花板上。Four days a week,the space turns into a yoga studio,one day a week,into a dance club.Its really up to you which ones you stick around for.But this is a great stoppi
30、ng rule,because it means at the end of the day,everything stops,theres no way to work.At Daimler,the car company,theyve got another great strategy.When you go on vacation,instead of saying,This persons on vacation,theyll get back to you eventually,they say,This persons on vacation,so weve deleted yo
31、ur email.This person will never see the email you just sent.每周有四天，这个空间变成瑜伽室；另外天则变成舞蹈俱乐部。你喜欢哪个由你决定。但这是个常棒的停规则，因为它意味着这天的结束，切停，不能再作。德国汽车公司戴姆勒有另个好法。当员前去度假的时候，他们不会说：“这个去度假了，但他会回来的。”他们会说：“这个在度假呢，所以我们会删除你发给他的邮件。他将永远看不到你刚才发的邮件。”But of course,that doesnt tell us much about what we should do at home in our ow
32、n lives,so I want to make some suggestions.当然，这并没有告诉我们 在常活中应当怎么做，所以我想给点建议。Western Europe欧rigv.操纵ceiling n.天花板yoga studio瑜伽室strategy n.策略vacation n.假期Its easy to say,between 5 and 6pm,Im going to not use my phone.The problem is,5 and 6pm looks different on different days.I think a far better strategy
33、 is to say,I do certain things every day,there are certain occasions that happen every day,like eating dinner.Sometimes Ill be alone,sometimes with other people,sometimes in a restaurant,sometimes at home,but the rule that Ive adopted is:I will never use my phone at the table.Its far away,as far awa
34、y as possible.Because were really bad at resisting temptation.But when you have a stopping cue that,every time dinner begins,my phone goes far away,you avoid temptation all together.我可以很轻松的说：在晚上 5 点到 6 点之间，我不会使机。但问题在于，5 点到 6 点的安排在每天是不同的。因我想到了个更好的法：我每天都会做某些特定的事情，有些情况每天都会发，如说晚餐。有时我会独吃晚餐，有时候和其他起，有的时候在餐
35、厅，有的时候在家。但我的规则是：绝对不在餐桌上使机。这很难，能做到的可能性不。因为我们真的很难抵制诱惑。但当你有这个“停信号”，每到晚餐时，机就会离你很远，于是你就远离了诱惑。At first,it hurts.I had massive FOMO.I struggled.But what happens is,you get used to it.You overcome the withdrawal the same way you would from a drug,and what happens is,life becomes more colorful,richer,more in
36、teresting-you have better conversations.You really connect with the people who are there with you.I think its a fantastic strategy,and we know it works,because when people do this-and Ive tracked a lot of people who have tried this-it expands.起先，我很难受。我有了严重的错失恐惧。我艰难地忍受着。但接下来发的事情是，你已经习惯了。你度过了这段艰难的过程，就
37、像成功戒毒样，接着迎接你的，是更加多彩、丰富、有趣的活 你与他有了更好的交流。你与旁的真正联系在了起。我认为这是个常棒的法，且我们知道它有效，因为当们这样做的时候 我已经发现许多尝试了这种式，它已经传播开了。temptationn.诱惑 massive adj.巨的overcome v.克服withdrawal n.收回conversation n.谈话fantasticadj.极好的They feel so good about it,they start doing it for the first hour of the day in the morning.They start put
38、ting their phones on airplane mode on the weekend.That way,your phone remains a camera,but its no longer a phone.Its a really powerful idea,and we know people feel much better about their lives when they do this.他们觉得这是个好法，他们从早上的第个时就开始做了。他们开始在周末将机调为飞模式。那样的话，你的机成了个相机，不再是机了。这是个强有的想法，同时我们知道们在做这些的时候，感觉到活
39、更加美好。So whats the take home here?Screens are miraculous;Ive already said that,and I feel that its true.But the way we use them is a lot like driving down a really fast,long road,and youre in a car where the accelerator is mashed to the floor,its kind of hard to reach the brake pedal.Youve got a choi
40、ce.You can either glide by,past,say,the beautiful ocean scenes and take snaps out the window-thats the easy thing to do-or you can go out of your way to move the car to the side of the road,to push that brake pedal,to get out,take off your shoes and socks,take a couple of steps onto the sand,feel wh
41、at the sand feels like under your feet,walk to the ocean,and let the ocean lap at your ankles.Your life will be richer and more meaningful because you breathe in that experience,and because youve left your phone in the car.所以重点是什么？屏幕神奇；我已经说过了，且我认为这千真万确。但我们使屏幕的式却像是开过条长长的路，你坐在车，将油门踩到底，你踩不到刹车。其实你可以选择。你可以开过旁边美丽的海景，对窗外拍张照这很容易做到，或者你可以离开这条路，将车开到路边，踩下刹车，出车去，脱下鞋和袜，在沙滩上步，体会沙在你脚下的感觉，向海，让海抚摸你的脚踝。你的活会更加充实、更加有意义，因为你在那种美妙的环境尽情呼吸，因为你把机留在了车上。miraculous adj.奇迹般的acceleratorn.油pedals.踏板