《专题9短文选词填空(12选10)-备战2023年中考英语临考题号押题(四川成都卷).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题9短文选词填空(12选10)-备战2023年中考英语临考题号押题(四川成都卷).docx（18页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、押四川成都B卷第三题 短文选词填空（12选10）本题是语篇中测试学生基础知识、阅读、思维和判断力的综合性试题，是一种要求高、难度大、区分度高的题型。涉及到词汇搭配、习惯用法以及基础语法等知识的运用。要具备一定的语法、句法和句型等知识，还要具备阅读理解能力和运用语言知识的能力。本题主要考查考生在阅读理解基础上运用词汇和语法的能力，其目的在于评价学生在给定语境中正确理解并综合选用给定词汇以表达思想的能力，是融完形填空与阅读理解为一体的半控制性的一种综合型能力测试。其难度高于A卷的完形填空与阅读理解。拓展考生国际视野，培养其文化意识。通过语篇阅读，本题可以测试学生根据句中、句间和篇章信息，利用背景知
2、识和上下文逻辑关系，恰当使用单词正确形式以实现达意的语用能力。通过阅读语篇，学生也能知奇趣英式幽默，品全球多元文化，增个体人文素养，长国际理解能力。学生只有把握文本的主题思想，进行逻辑推理和语篇分析，不仅要会运用学过的词汇和语法知识处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间及单句与全文之间的关系，选出恰当的词填空，达到恢复原文的目的。1. 解答选词填空的步骤如下:(1) 首先阅读待选词, 标上词性, 以方便填空时确定其语法功能;(2) 然后通读短文了解其大意;(3) 边读边选词, 遇到困难时应该善于比较分析细微词义以及语法或搭配要求;(4) 最后再复读全文, 检查整篇文章是否通顺流畅。2.
3、注意事项(1) 名词需确定其单复数形式;(2) 动词需考虑时态及语态;(3) 形容词、副词需考虑是否用比较级;(4) 代词应考虑用哪种形式等。A（2020四川成都统考中考真题）able catch difficult hold learn little possible speech success tie true we A man walking through an elephant camp was surprised to find that the elephants werent being kept in cages or held by chains. All that wa
4、s holding them back from running away from the camp was a small piece of rope it was just _1_ to one of their legs. As the man looked at the elephants, he couldnt understand it. Why didnt the elephants just use their power to break the rope and run away?Wanting to know the _2_, he asked a trainer ne
5、arby why it was so. When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same size of rope to tie them, and at that age, it was enough _3_ them. As they grew up, they still believed that they couldnt break away. Even now, they believe the rope can still control them, so they have the _4_ courage
6、to try to break free, the trainer answered. The man was _5_. These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted, but it was only because over time, they believed that it was just _6_. How many of us go through life like the elephants -believing that it was beyond (超越) our _7_ t
7、o do something only because we failed once or some times before?Failure is part of _8_. If we fail at something, we can still get something from it. Failure in the past doesnt mean we can never _9_ in the future. We should keep on trying with confidence _10_ even after we have experienced failures i
8、n life.【答案】1tied 2truth 3to hold 4least 5speechless 6impossible 7ability/abilities 8learning 9succeed 10ourselves【分析】当作者看到大象前腿上系着一根细绳，大象却不会挣脱，他感到惊讶。驯象师告诉他这是因为大象在很小的时候，因为挣脱不了这个绳子，他长大了仍然以为挣脱不了，所以就放弃努力了。本文通过讲述拴大象的绳子来告诉我们，面对失败，不要放弃，要坚持斗争；失败是生活中的一部分，应该不要放弃挣扎。1句意：它只是绑在它们的一条腿上。根据前句“All that was holding the
9、m back from running away from the camp was a small piece of rope所有阻止他们逃离营地的都是一根小绳子”可知，空前的it指a small piece of rope，结合所提供单词可知，此处是说它只是“绑”在它们的一条腿上，是被动语态，所以用tie的过去分词形式，be tied to one of their legs符合语境。故填tied。2句意：想知道真相，所以他问附近的一个训象师为什么会这样。根据后面“he asked a trainer nearby why it was so”结合前句“Why didnt the elep
10、hants just use their power to break the rope and run away? 大象为什么不利用它们的力量来折断绳子逃跑呢”可知，此处是说想知道“真相”，结合所提供单词可知，应该用true的名词形式truth。故填truth。3句意：在那个年龄，绳子已经足够拴住它们了。根据前面句子“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same size of rope to tie them”结合本句意思可知，在大象小的时候，绳子足以拴住它们，主语是it，所以动词应该用hold；本句句式是it i
11、s +形容词+to do sth，所以此处用hold的不定式形式to hold。故填to hold。4句意：所以他们没有勇气尝试挣脱。根据前句“Even now, they believe the rope can still control them即使现在，他们相信绳子仍然可以控制它们”结合所提供单词可知，此处是说没有勇气尝试挣脱；根据空前的the可知，空处应该用little的最高级形式least。故填least。5句意：男人无语了。根据后句“These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted”可
12、知，此处是说男人无话可说了，结合所提供单词可知，此处应该用speech的形容词形式speechless。故填speechless。6句意：它们相信这是不可能的。根据前句“but it was only because over time,”可知事实与前面所说的“These animals were able to break away from the rope whenever they wanted,”相反，所以此处是说这不可能，结合所提供单词可知，空处用possible的反义词impossible。故填impossible。7句意：认为这超出了我们做某事的能力，仅仅是因为我们以前失败过一
13、次或几次？根据前面“How many of us go through life like the elephants”结合后面“because we failed once or some times before”可知，此处是说超出了我们的“能力”，结合所提供单词可知此处应该用ability或复数形式abilities。故填ability/abilities。8句意：失败是学习的一部分。根据后面“If we fail at something, we can still get something from it”结合常识及所提供单词可知，此处应该是说失败是“学习”的一部分，所以应该用le
14、arn的动名词形式learning。故填learning。9句意：过去的失败并不意味着我们将来永远不能成功。根据空前“Failure in the past”可知，此处应该是表达“成功”，情态动词can后跟动词原形，此处应该用动词形式，结合所提供单词可知，此处用success的动词形式succeed。故填succeed。10句意：即使我们经历了生活中的失败，我们自己要有信心地继续努力。根据后面“even after we have experienced failures in life”结合所提供单词可知，努力奋斗只能靠自己，所以用反身代词形式ourselves。故填ourselves。Ba
15、rgue beautiful care far for good heat include special succeed under work（2021四川成都统考中考真题）Xu Yuanchong is a famous Chinese modern translator. Born in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province in 1921, he studied _11_ Qian Zhongshu, Wu Mi and other Chinese masters at The National Southwest Associated University. He w
16、ent to University of Paris for _12_ study after graduating from Tsinghua University.Over the course of a translation career (生涯) lasting more than seventy years, Xu has translated about 120 works, _13_ The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black, with a _14_ focus on poetry (诗歌). X
17、u is also the only person in China who has _15_ translated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French, in a very precise (准确的) and beautiful way. His _16_ are often chosen as textbooks for foreign language learners.Xu pays much attention to the _17_ of image, sound and form. He will leave someth
18、ing out and add something to make the translated works more beautiful. During his translation career, he has been at the center of many _18_ debates (辩论) with other translators. But Xu said, “I am not afraid of _19_ because the truth becomes clearer with each debate.”Now Xu is 100 years old. He has
19、stopped his translation of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare. He is writing more about his own life.To everyone, he sends a wish: “Good, better, best. Never let it rest until your good is better and your better is _20_.”【答案】11under 12further 13including 14special 15successfully 16works 17bea
20、uty 18heated 19argument/arguments/arguing 20best【分析】本文向我们介绍中国近代著名翻译家许渊冲。11句意：1921年出生于江西南昌，曾在西南联合大学师从钱钟书、吴宓等国学大师。分析“he studied Qian Zhongshu, Wu Mi and other Chinese masters”和备选词可知，此处表示“师从”，用under表示，故填under。12句意：毕业于清华大学后，他去了巴黎大学继续深造。根据“He went to University of Paris for study after graduating from Ts
21、inghua University.”和备选词可知，此处是further study深造，故填further。13句意：在70多年的翻译生涯中，许渊冲翻译了约120部作品，其中包括诗经、楚辞、红与黑，特别是诗歌。根据“Xu has translated about 120 works The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu and The Red and the Black”和备选词可知，include“包括”符合语境，用于句中使用介词including，其后加宾语，故填including。14句意：在70多年的翻译生涯中，许渊冲翻译了约120部作品，其中包括诗
22、经、楚辞、红与黑，特别是诗歌。此处作定语修饰focus，special“特殊的，特别的”符合语境，故填special。15句意：许渊冲也是中国唯一一位成功地将诗歌翻译成中、英、法三种语言的人。根据“who hastranslated poetry to and from Chinese, English and French”和备选词可知，succeed“成功”符合语境，用于句中修饰动词translate，使用副词形式，故填successfully。16句意：他的作品经常被选为外语学习者的教材。根据“Hisare often chosen as textbooks for foreign la
23、nguage learners.”和备选词可知，work“作品”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数，故填works。17句意：许渊冲非常注重形象、声音和形式之美。根据“Xu pays much attention to the of image, sound and form.”和备选词可知，beautiful“美丽的”符合语境，用于“the+n.+of”结构中，使用名词形式，故填beauty。18句意：在他的翻译生涯中，他一直处于与其他译者激烈争论的中心。根据“he has been at the center of many debates (辩论) with other trans
24、lators”和备选词可知，heat“热度”符合语境，此处作定语修饰debates，用其形容词形式，故填heated。19句意：但许说：“我不害怕争论，因为每一次争论，事实都会变得更清楚。”根据“I am not afraid of because the truth becomes clearer with each debate.”和备选词可知，argue“争论”符合语境，此处用在介词of后，使用名词或动名词形式，此处表示单复数含义均可，故填argument/arguments/arguing。20句意：他向每个人送上祝福：“好，更好，最好。”永不停歇，直到你的好变得更好，你的更好变成最好
25、。”根据“Good, better, best.”和备选词可知，good符合语境，此处强调递进关系，故填best。Cclearcompleteexcitefollowhealthinterviewluckshinesilencetentouchwell（2022四川成都统考中考真题）When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped. Then it was Nius turn. The audience suddenly became _21_. However, after four o
26、r five seconds, Niu _22_ heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”Niu Yu, 24, became a(n) _23_ star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she _24_ lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake. Niu has
27、 won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice(偏见) against the disabled a hit on the nose. “I _25_ by something they said. They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with _26_ legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply lov
28、e sports and will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the publics attention when she _27_ a marathona 42-kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the _28_ anniversary (周年纪念) of the earthquake. Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850, 000 _29_ on social
29、 platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the public can allow them to _30_ understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant (宽容) than they imagined,” she explained.【答案】21
30、 silent 22clearly 23shining 24unluckily 25was touched 26healthy 27completed 28tenth 29followers 30better/well【导语】本文介绍了24岁的残疾人牛雨因为自信而成为上海时装周上一颗耀眼的明星，介绍了她的一些经历。21句意：观众突然安静下来。became后接形容词作表语，结合选词及“When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped.”及“suddenly”可知，此处指的是“突然安静了”，故
31、填silent。22句意：然而，四、五秒钟后，牛清楚地听到舞台旁边的人赞赏地说：“太酷了！”根据“heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, So cool!”及选词可知，此处用副词修饰动词， 指的是“清楚地听到”，故填clearly。23句意：24岁的牛雨因为自信而成为上海时装周上一颗耀眼的明星，尽管她戴着一条假腿。空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词作定语，结合选词可知，此处指的是“耀眼的明星”，故填shining。24句意：牛只有11岁的时候，在汶川地震中不幸失去了右腿。根据“lost her right leg”及选词可知，失去右腿是
32、不幸地，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填unluckily 。25句意：我被他们说的话感动了。根据“by something they said”及选词可知，牛被他们的话感动了，主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动，故填was touched。26句意：运动是为了腿部健康的人，但运动应该是一种精神。根据“the traditional view was that sports were for people”及选词和常识可知，传统的观念认为运动是有健康的腿的人们才能做的，空处用形容词修饰其后的名词，故填healthy。27句意：事实上，牛在2018年完成
33、了一场42公里的马拉松比赛时，第一次引起了公众的注意。句子缺少谓语，空处应填动词，结合选词及“a marathon”可知，此处指的是“完成马拉松”，发生在过去的动作，动词用过去式，故填completed。28句意：这场比赛在汶川举行，以纪念地震十周年。空处修饰“anniversary (周年纪念) of the earthquake”，结合选词可知，此处用序数词tenth“第十”修饰，故填tenth。29句意：现在，牛是一名摄影师，在抖音等社交平台上拥有超过85万粉丝。根据“more than 850, 000.on social platforms, such as Douyin”及选词可知
34、，拥有85万多追随者，此处名词用复数形式，故填followers。30句意：向公众展示我的生活可以让他们更好/更好地了解我们的群体。空处修饰动词“understand”，应用副词形式，此处也可以表示暗含着与之前的比较，故可以用副词原级，也可以用比较级形式，故填better/well。A（2023四川成都统考一模）able; although; break; expect; fair; hope; if; million; popular; report; support; wise从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺 (每词限用一次)。 A short film
35、 called How Erjiu Cured My Mental Friction after Being Back in the Village for Three Days回村三天，二舅治好了我的精神内耗became one of the _31_ videos in China. It tells a story of a(n) _32_ man. His nephew, Mr. Tang, made the film during a three-day visit to Erjius home. Erjiu used to be the brightest kid in schoo
36、l, he always got top grades. However, an _33_ illness changed his life. He had a high fever and he couldnt walk from then on. Feeling upset and _34_ he didnt return to school. After a really hard time, Erjiu started a new life. He learned carpentry (木工手艺) and used the skill _35_ himself and his fami
37、ly. Erjiu is now a full-time carer for his mother and a handyman (勤杂工) in the village. He is always ready to help villagers repair _36_ things such as tables, radios, door locks, or toys for children. _37_ there were many difficulties along the way, Erjiu said he never felt sorry for himself. He fou
38、nd a sentence in a book many years ago: “Be determined (决心) and not afraid of sacrifice (牺牲) to overcome all difficulties and win the final success.”Erjius spirit touched many people. He faced difficulties with positive attitude (态度), he solved problems with his _38_ . He never complained (抱怨) the _
39、39_ . The story encouraged _40_ of people for its description of how to deal with difficulties in life.【答案】31most popular 32disabled 33unexpected 34hopeless 35to support 36broken 37Although 38wisdom 39unfairness 40millions【导语】本文主要介绍了短片电影回村三天，二舅治好了我的精神内耗的故事。31句意：一部名为回村三天，二舅治好了我的精神内耗的短片成为了中国最受欢迎的视频之一。
40、根据“became one of the videos in China”及备选词可知，成为了最受欢迎的视频之一，popular“受欢迎的”，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最之一”，故填most popular。32句意：它讲述了一个残疾人的故事。根据“he couldnt walk from then on”及备选词可知，是一个残疾人，disabled“残疾的”，形容词作定语，故填disabled。33句意：然而，一场出乎意料的疾病改变了他的生活。根据“an illness changed his life.”及备选词可知，这场疾病来的非常出乎意料，unexpected
41、“出乎意料的”，形容词作定语，故填unexpected。34句意：他感到沮丧和绝望，没有回到学校。根据“He had a high fever and he couldnt walk from then on”可知，因为这场大病而变成了残疾人，所以感觉毫无希望，hopeless“毫无希望的”，故填hopeless。35句意：他学习木工，并用这项技能养活自己和家人。根据“used the skill himself and his family”及备选词可知，用这项技能来养活自己和家人，support“养活”，use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故填to support。36句意
42、：他总是乐于帮助村民修理坏了的东西，如桌子、收音机、门锁或儿童玩具。根据“repair things”及备选词可知，修理破损的物品，broken“破损的”，形容词作定语，故填broken。37句意：尽管一路上有很多困难，二舅说他从来没有为自己感到难过。“there were many difficulties along the way”与“Erjiu said he never felt sorry for himself”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，故填Although。38句意：他用他的智慧解决问题。根据“he solved problems with his”及备选
43、词可知，用智慧解决问题，wisdom“智慧”，名词作宾语，故填wisdom。39句意：他从不抱怨不公平。根据“He never complained (抱怨) the”及备选词可知，不抱怨这一切的不公平，the后接名词，unfairness“不公平”，故填unfairness。40句意：这个故事讲述了如何处理生活中的困难，激励了数百万人。根据“of people”及备选词可知，此处指数百万人，millions of“数百万的”，故填millions。B（2023四川成都树德中学校考模拟预测）beconsiderhidepossiblerealrealizeSharemanagespecials
44、olvetypicalunderstand短文填空，从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。It _41_ over a year since COVID-19 first appeared and the virus continues to be a problem in many parts of the world. Scientists have come to know the development of vaccines (疫苗) is a _42_ to the pandemic. A global effort to vacci
45、nate as many people as possible would be needed, since vaccines _43_ take years to develop. On Dec 2, 2020, the first COVID vaccine, the Pfizer vaccine, was approved (批准) by UK health department. However, these vaccines must be stored at very low temperatures, which is _44_ everywhere. In response,
46、Chinese companies like Sinopharm and Sinovac have developed vaccines that can be kept at normal temperatures. And that can make it possible for more people, _45_ those who are being in terrible living conditions.Now, vaccines are being rolled out (widely used) all over the world, with millions of pe
47、ople being vaccinated every day. In China, 285 million vaccine doses (剂量) had been given so far. Meanwhile, the US has given out 247 million doses. The UK now stands at 50 million doses.Although there have been something _46_ about vaccines being unsafe, there has been a growing _47_ of the importance of vaccination for building mass immunity (群体免疫) in order to stop the virus from spreading. Recently, the world better _4