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1、备战2023年中考英语书面表达（写作步骤+满分范文+词句积累）第五章 描写文人物+景物+地点描写描写文是指使用生动的语言对人物、景物和场面进行描写的文章。在描写的过程中要注意抓住描写对象的特征, 突出其主要的特点, 可以涉及人和物的状态、性质、效用等。其表现手法以描写、叙述为主。我们在写作时, 可以遵循以下几个原则：1. 人称 描写文是对人物、景色等的描述。即是向别人介绍某一个人, 或某一处景色, 或某一事物等。因此, 一般情况都是使用第一人称“I”。但是在介绍人物时, 如果是关于所介绍人物的兴趣等, 涉及第三方时, 则需使用第三人称“he”或者“she”。2. 时态 描述文描述的事物一般都是
2、介绍一般存在的事物或景色, 描述的是一般存在的状态。因此, 在写作时多使用一般现在时。3. 详略得当 无论是写景还是写人, 我们都要做到详略得当, 不能总是针对人物的某一个特征或景色的某一点描写, 而是要从多方面、多个角度进行生动形象的描述。Part 1 人物描写写法点拨在人物描写中, 我们可以从以下三个点入手：1. 相貌体型 在写人时, 通常会描写其外貌特征, 如：年龄、身材、体形、头发(长短、颜色、发型)、脸型、肤色、眼睛、衣着、表情、兴趣、爱好、个性等, 但不必面面提到, 一般要抓住某人比较明显的特征来描述。在描写人的外貌时, 用一般现在时。2. 五官 在用英语描写面部容貌的时候, 可以
3、从脸型、头发、五官入手。3. 服饰神情 一个人的服饰也是外貌的重要组成部分, 所以英语作文中对服饰的描写也很重要。另外也要重视直接描写和间接描写的结合运用。间接描写指的是借助与描写对象相关的人的言语、行为、外貌、神态、心理等, 烘托出人的特质。形象的肖像描写能反映人物的性格特征；准确的心理描写能够展现人物的内心世界；恰当的行动描写能够显示人物的精神面貌。必备词汇1体格(build)fat肥胖的thin瘦的slim苗条的overweight超重的slight瘦小的well-built体格健壮的2身高(height)medium height中等身材average height一般身材below
4、average低于平均tall高的short矮的tallish有些高的middle-sized身高中等的of medium height中等身高3 脸型(face)round圆的thin瘦的long长的square方的4发型(hair style)straight直的curly卷发的pigtails辫子crew cut平头bald秃头的5发色(hair color)jet-black乌黑的fair金色的blonde金色的golden金黄色的dyed染色的brunette深褐色的beige浅棕色的chestnut栗色的6眼睛(eye)deep-set深陷的sunken凹陷的bulging/pro
5、truding凸出的eyelashes睫毛eyebrows眉毛7鼻子(nose)long长的straight挺直的big大的small小的flat扁平的hooked钩状的8服饰(dress)smart整齐的scruffy邋遢的well-dressed衣着华丽的casual非正式的conservative (样式)不时新的elegant优雅的fashionable时髦的suave温文尔雅的untidy不整洁的9笑容(smile)bright欢快的broad无所顾忌的charming可爱的cunning狡猾的faint不明显的happy高兴的pleasant令人愉快的sweet甜蜜的pleased
6、满意的grinning露齿而笑的smirking傻笑的friendly友好的warm温暖的；热情的cold不热情的10其他表情pout噘嘴flush脸红brood沉思frown皱眉yawn打哈欠poker-faced面无表情的glare瞪眼gloomy郁闷的必备句型1 外貌描写(1) She eats too much these days, so her face is getting round.她最近吃得太多了, 所以她的脸变圆了。(2) Her hair is brown and curly.她有着一头棕色而卷曲的头发。(3) His eyes are deep-set because
7、 . 他的眼睛深陷, 因为(4) He was born a hooked nose/round face. 他天生是鹰钩鼻圓脸(5) She is a girl with long straight hair.她是留着长直发的女孩。(6) She always dresses very elegantly and tidily.她总是穿着优雅整洁。(7) She has the most beautiful blue eyes I have ever seen.她有一双我从未见过的漂亮蓝眼睛。(8) Harry has a thin face, black hair, and bright
8、green eyes.哈里长了一张瘦脸, 有一头黑色的头发和明亮的绿色眼睛。2 神情描写(1) Because of . he smiles brightly.因为, 他笑得很灿烂。(2) A friendly smile will help you to win others hearts.友好的笑容能帮助你赢得别人的心。(3) She is charming when she smiles.她笑起来的时候很可爱。(4)There is always a smile of contentment on her face.她脸上总是挂着心满意足的微笑。3动作描写(1) They didnt k
9、now what to do with themselves for joy.他们高兴得不知道怎么办好。(2) He jumped for fun.他高兴得跳了起来。(3) Kneel down. Imagine you are crawling through a dark channel.跪下来, 想象你正爬过一条黑暗的隧道。(4) He beamed at his visitors.他对着客人们微笑。(5) Seeing their task finished gives them a sense of satisfaction.看到任务完成了, 他们感到很满意。(6) Everyone
10、 looked at her in astonishment.大家都惊讶地看着她。(7) The man is putting on his glasses.这个男人正在戴眼镜。美文引路题目: 根据以下内容提示, 以“My Cousin”为题, 写一篇不少于80词的短文。1. 我的表哥叫李明, 英文名是Tony, 来自大连；2. 兴趣是打篮球、看书和看电影；3. 语文和英语很好, 但数学不行；4. 性格随和, 喜欢交朋友。注意：可适当添加细节, 使短文完整连贯。思路导航第1步：例文审题主体人称题目要求介绍“我的表哥”, 故主体人称为第一人称“I”。主体时态介绍目前的情况多用一般现在时。写作贴士
11、题目要求中包含四个要点, 但可以通过合并, 将短文分成三部分来写；注意最后一段要用一句话表达自己的感受、想法等。第2步：列提纲(1) 简单介绍基本情况, 如姓名等；(2) 进一步介绍兴趣、擅长学科和性格等；(3) 表达个人的感受、想法等。第3步：参考词句(1) name; cousin; Tony; Dalian . (2) hobby; basketball; reading; watch movies; Chinese; English; maths; easy-going; make friends . (3) This is my brother . 第4步：连句成篇My Cousin
12、I have a cousin from Dalian, whose name is Li Ming. His English name is Tony. Now I would like to tell you something about him.He has many interests, such as reading, watching movies and so on. And he is really a good basketball player. In study, he is good at Chinese and English, while his math is
13、not good. But he tries very hard to improve his math. Besides, He is an easy-going boy and likes to make friends.This is my cousin. I am sure you will like him. 参考译文我的表哥我有一个来自大连的表哥, 名字叫李明。他的英文名字是Tony。现在我想跟你们聊一聊他。他有很多爱好, 例如看书和看电影等等。他是一个很棒的篮球运动员。学习上, 他擅长中文和英语, 但是数学不是很好。然而他努力学习来提高数学成绩。另外, 他是个随和的男孩, 喜欢和
14、别人交朋友。这就是我的表哥, 我相信你们会喜欢他的。范文1Do you know what my father is like? I am sure you dont. Please allow me to tell you.My father is a worker. Although hes forty-six years old, he looks very young and handsome. He always goes for a walk with me after dinner because he thinks it is good for health. Moreover
15、, he likes English songs and he sings very well. In his spare time, he likes to sing songs for me.Now you may have known something about my father. I like my father very much.参考译文你知道我爸爸是怎样的吗?我肯定你不知道, 让我告诉你吧。我爸爸是一名工人。尽管他已经46岁了, 但他看起来非常年轻和帅气。晚饭后, 他总是喜欢和我一起散步, 因为他认为这是有益健康的。还有, 他喜欢英文歌, 而且唱得很不错。空暇时间, 他就喜
16、欢唱歌给我听。现在你对我爸爸有所了解了吧。我很爱我的爸爸。亮点词汇1 be sure 肯定2 young /adj.年轻的；初期的；没有经验的3 handsome /adj.(男子)英俊的；可观的；大方的4 go for a walk 散散步5 be good for . 对有益6 in ones spare time在某人的空暇时间出彩句型1 Do you know what my father is like?你知道我的爸爸是怎样的吗?2 My father is a worker.我的爸爸是一名工人。3 Although hes forty-six years old, he looks
17、 very young and handsome.尽管他已经46岁了, 但他看起来非常年轻和帅气。4 In his spare time, he likes to sing songs for me.空暇时间, 他喜欢唱歌给我听。5 I like my father very much.我很爱我的爸爸。高分点评本文主要介绍了“我”父亲, 用反问句开头, 引起读者的兴趣, 同时留下悬念, 为下文做铺垫。在描述父亲时, 作者从外貌、年龄, 到兴趣爱好, 对人物进行了动态和静态的描写, 从多方面进行了生动形象的描述, 值得学习。范文2Today, I will introduce Du Ling t
18、o you. She is one of my classmates.Du Ling has a pair of big eyes like two watery grapes. They look very beautiful and attractive. And she has a small but sensitive nose, red lips and a little mouth. Although she is not tall and looks a little overweight, she is very cute. And you will love her if y
19、ou meet her. In addition, she is a girl of ingenuity, so she will make many beautiful things for you.This is my classmate, Du Ling.参考译文今天, 我给你们介绍介绍杜玲。她是我班的一个同学。杜玲有一双大眼睛, 像两颗水灵灵的葡萄。它们看起来很美丽, 很吸引人。她还有着小巧且嗅觉灵敏的鼻子, 红红的嘴唇, 小小的嘴巴。尽管她不高, 看起来也有点胖, 但她很可爱。你要是看到她, 你会喜欢上她的。另外, 她是一个心灵手巧的女孩, 她会给你做很多美丽的东西。这就是我的同学杜
20、玲。亮点词汇1 introduce /v.介绍；引进；提出；采用2 classmate /n.同班同学3 watery /adj.水的；淡的；湿的；松软的；有雨意的4 attractive /adj.有魅力的；引人注目的；迷人的5 sensitive/adj.敏感的；感觉的6 lips /n.嘴唇(lip的复数)7 overweight /adj.超重的；过重的8 ingenuity /n.心灵手巧；独创性；精巧出彩句型1 Today, I will introduce Du Ling to you.今天, 我想向你们介绍介绍杜玲。2 Du Ling has a pair of big eye
21、s like two watery grapes.杜玲有一双大眼睛, 像两颗水灵灵的葡萄。3 And she has a small but sensitive nose, red lips and a little mouth.她还有着小巧且嗅觉灵敏的鼻子, 红红的嘴唇, 小小的嘴巴。4 In addition, she is a girl of ingenuity, so she will make many beautiful things for you.另外, 她是一个心灵手巧的女孩, 她会给你做很多美丽的东西。高分点评文章主要介绍了“我”的同学杜玲。整体来说, 文章结构清晰, 层次
22、分明, 可以看出作者的句法和语法把控得很好, 运用了大量的形容词来使人物形象丰满, 例如watery, attractive, sensitive等。Part 2景物描写写法点拨在描写景物的时候, 我们可以通过以下三部分来写作：1. 综合描述总体介绍要描述的景物, 比如说一下该景物的位置、有什么特点、为什么要选择这个景物等等, 给读者留下一个大概的印象, 同时引出下文。2. 具体描述景物为了让读者对我们所选择的景物印象更加深刻, 我们要从视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉等几个方面具体描述景物的方方面面, 例如色彩、状态等, 尽量灵活使用句式, 增加景物的生动形象性。3. 评价或自己的感受在文章结尾处要写
23、出你对景物的感受或者评价, 抒发个人情感, 可以是喜欢或讨厌, 也可以是称赞或批评。必备词汇1山川河流continent大陆mainland大陆mountain山脉plain平原grassland草原desert沙漠forest森林valley山谷island岛ocean大洋peak山顶；巅slope山坡hill小山rock岩石bank河岸stream小溪source源头spring泉canal运河lake湖泊pond池塘basin盆地coast海岸gulf海湾beach海滩shore海滩tide潮汐wave浪strait海峡waterfall瀑布canyon峡谷2其他beautiful美丽的
24、fantastic神奇的sunshine阳光spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter冬天look like看起来像a heavy snow一场大雪the hottest season最火热的季节enjoy the scenery 欣赏景色必备句型1 常用在开头和结尾(1) There are four seasons in a year, and theyre spring, summer, autumn and winter.一年有四季, 春天、夏天、秋天和冬天。(2) I like spring best.我最喜欢春天。(3) Autumn is my favorite
25、 season, and it is the fascinating autumn that makes up for the wet summer.秋天是我最喜欢的季节, 它是迷人的秋季, 弥补了潮湿的夏天的不足。(4) Look! What a heavy snow!瞧！多大的雪啊！(5) What a heavy rain/snow!多大的一场雨雪啊！(6) Summer comes after spring.春季过后是夏季。(7) I like the water in . 我喜欢的水.(8) In spring, trees turn green and flowers come o
26、ut.春天, 树木变绿了, 花儿开放了。(9) The hills and river in . are great.在的山水很美。2 描写四季(1) Spring revives everything.春天使万物复苏。(2) Spring wakes up the lives sleeping in the underground.春天唤醒沉睡在地下的生命。(3) In spring, the branches already burst out with a beautiful life.春天, 树枝都迸发出美丽的生命。(4) In spring, the flowers strive t
27、o make their own blooming the most beautiful colors.春天, 花朵争奇斗艳。(5) Wherever spring breeze goes, it wakes up everything.无论春风吹到哪里, 都唤醒了万物。(6) The heat of summer offers its passion to the pond.夏天的炎热让池塘随之升温。(7) The lotus is also busy in the summer returning of contributions.荷花也在夏天忙碌地报以贡献。(8) Summer brin
28、gs the vitality of life, but also the passions.夏天带来了生命力, 也带来了热情。(9) Autumn is the golden season of the fruit. 秋天是丰收的金色季节。(10) The leaves dyed in yellow.树叶染上了黄色。(11) Autumn is the harvest season.秋天是丰收的季节.(12) Winter lasts from December to February next year.冬天是从十二月持续到来年的二月。(13) Fall comes after summe
29、r.秋天在夏天之后到来。(14) In winter, we all wear warm clothes and gloves to do outdoor activities.在冬天, 我们穿着暖和的衣服, 戴着手套, 进行户外活动。(15) Winter is cold and dry.冬天很干燥, 也很冷。3 赞美自然景色(1) We were completely amazed at the wonder and the greatness of nature.我们完全惊讶于大自然的奇妙和伟大。(2) You can never imagine how wonderful that s
30、cenery is.你永远想象不到那里的景色有多美。(3) I am deeply fascinated by the charm of the sky.我被天空的魅力深深吸引了。(4) People appear to be so small in front of the mountain.在大山面前, 人显得多么渺小。(5) The stream is the gift endowed by the nature.这条小溪是大自然的恩赐。(6) We are marveled at the beauty and grandeur of the mountain.我们惊叹于大山的美丽和壮观
31、。美文引路题目: 一年有四个季节。现要求你写一篇文章介绍春天。内容要求如下, 不少于80词。1. 春天温暖, 潮湿；2. 天气温和潮湿, 但不冷；3. 植物生长了, 花开了；4. 脱掉冬衣, 享受春风。思路导航第1步：例文审题主体人称题目要求我们介绍春天, 因此主体人称主要是第一和第三人称。主体时态介绍春天, 一般是普遍的状态, 故使用一般现在时。写作贴士题目要求中包含四个要点, 但这四个要点内容并不是很具体, 我们可以适度把内容拓展开来, 使文章更充实。第2步：列提纲(1) 春天温暖, 潮湿；(2) 天气温和潮湿, 但不冷；植物生长了, 花开了；(3) 脱掉冬衣, 享受春风。第3步：参考词句
32、(1) China; March; spring; cold . (2) vitality; warmer; trees; plants; flowers; bloom; grow; winter clothes; season . (3) like; good . 第4步：连句成篇In China, spring returns in March. It is warm and wet, but not too cold. However, there is much rain in spring.Spring brings vitality into the world. As the w
33、eather getting warmer, many trees and flowers come back to life. As you can see, plants grow and the flowers bloom. What a beautiful picture it is! It is a wonderful season, too. We can take off our winter clothes and expose ourselves to the spring breeze.I like spring and it is a really good season
34、. 参考译文在中国, 春天是在三月到来。天气温和潮湿, 但不太冷。然而, 春天经常下雨。春天给世界带来了生机。因为天气变得越来越暖和, 很多树木和花朵都恢复了生机。正如你看到的, 植物生长了, 花开了。这是一幅多么美好的画面啊！这也是一个美好的季节。我们可以脱掉冬天的衣服, 享受春风。我喜欢春天。这个季节真的很好。范文1I like it when it is raining because the sun is not so hot anymore. And the weather will become very cool after raining.When it rains, the
35、leaves are like singing and dancing happily in the rain and you will be attracted by them. When it rains, the rain hits the roads and the rocks. If you run into the rain, you can feel that the rain is washing your body. Even you can feel the taste of the rain. It is a wonderful experience to get wet
36、.I like rain because it brings me coolness and happiness.参考译文我喜欢下雨天, 因为太阳不再那么火辣。而且下雨之后, 天气会变得凉爽。当下雨的时候, 树叶就好像在雨中快乐地唱歌跳舞, 你也会被它们吸引。当下雨的时候, 雨水击打着路面和石头。如果你跑进雨中, 你可以感觉到雨在冲洗你的身体。甚至你会感觉到雨的味道。被淋湿是一个很好的体验。我喜欢雨, 因为它带给我凉爽和快乐。亮点词汇1 leaf /n.叶子；(书籍等的)一张；扇页2 attract /v.吸引；引起3 rock /n.岩石；摇滚乐；暗礁4 run into 跑进5 taste
37、 /n.味道；品味；审美6 experience /n.经验；经历；体验v.经验；经历；体验出彩句型1 I like it when it is raining because . 我喜欢下雨天, 因为2 And the weather will become very cool after raining.下雨过后, 天气会变得凉爽。3 When it rain as, the rain hit the roads and the rocks.当下雨的时候, 雨水击打着路面和石头。4 If you run into the rain, you can feel that the rain i
38、s washing your body.如果你跑进雨中, 你可以感觉到雨在冲洗你的身体。5 I like rain because it brings me cool and happiness.我喜欢雨, 因为它带给我凉爽和快乐。高分点评这篇文章主要介绍了下雨天, 作者从细节入手, 从身边的景物描写到自己的个人感受, 把修饰人的词语引用到景物身上, 赋予景物生命, 把下雨天的景象栩栩如生地展现在我们面前。文章的句法结构也很好, 连用两个“When it rains . ”, 使文章更连贯、通顺和生动。范文2Today, I am going to introduce the Palace M
39、useum to you, which is also named the Forbidden City. I think you may have heard about it many times.The Palace Museum is located in the middle of Beijing. It was the Chinese imperial palace serving the emperors in ancient times. And it is rectangular in shape with 960 meters long from north to sout
40、h and 7500 meters wide from east to west. It has 9, 900 rooms.Now I believe that you have learned more about the Palace Museum and you may want to visit it yourself.参考译文今天, 我准备向你们介绍故宫, 它也叫作紫禁城。我想你或许已经听过很多次了。故宫位于北京的中部。古时候, 它是中国的皇宫, 为皇帝服务。它的形状是矩形的, 从北到南长960米, 从东到西宽750米。故宫有9900间房间。现在, 我相信你对故宫有了更多的了解, 你
41、或许也想亲自去看一看。亮点词汇1 be named 被叫作2 hear about 听说3 imperial / adj. 帝国的；皇帝的；至高无上的；威严的4 serve /v.服役；服务；适合；足够；发球；招待；侍候5 rectangular/adj.矩形的；成直角的；直角坐标的；长方形的；6 wide /adj.广泛的；宽的；广阔的出彩句型1 You may have heard about . many times.你或许已经听过很多次了。2 It was the Chinese imperial palace serving the emperors in ancient times
42、.古时候, 它是中国的皇宫, 为皇帝服务。3 It is rectangular in shape.它的形状是矩形的。4 . with 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west.从北到南长960米, 从东到西宽750米。5 Now I believe that you have learned more about . 现在我相信你对已经有了更多的了解。高分点评这篇文章主要介绍了中国的故宫。在写作过程中, 作者开门见山, 直奔主题, 行文流畅。作者通过长短句结合, 丰富了句子的表达方式,
43、把故宫介绍得更详尽、具体。总的来说, 是篇不错的文章。Part 3地点描写写法点拨在描述地点的时候, 我们可以通过以下三部分来写作：1. 简单介绍地点 简单介绍所要介绍的地方, 表明自己的整体感受或者说明为什么要介绍这个地方, 比如说自己的家乡, 校园的某一处等。2. 运用细节刻画 为了给读者留下深刻印象, 我们要从多个角度进行描述, 可以提到位置、面积、人口、周围环境、交通、历史渊源、名胜古迹、当地特色等, 使读者能更全面地认识该地方。3. 对地点进行评价 在文章的最后要表明自己的感受, 或者自己的评价, 可以说这个地方很美, 或者邀请大家来旅游等。必备词汇coastal city/area
44、s 沿海城市地区plenty of rainfall 充足的雨水natural heritage 自然遗产special economic zone 经济特区with heavy traffic 交通拥挤farm product农产品beautiful scenery 漂亮的风景bright sunshine 明媚的阳光cultural heritage 文化遗产souvenir 纪念品be made up of/consist of . 由组成a fantastic place一个极好的地方warm and wet climate 温暖潮湿的气候historical and cultural
45、 city 历史文化城市distinct local culture 特色鲜明的地方文化an ideal place for shopping 购物的理想之地the political, economic and cultural center 政治经济文化中心必备句型1地理位置(1) It is located . 它位于(2) It is situated in . 它坐落在(3) The situation of . is . 的位置是在2 表示面积、人口(1) It covers an area of . 它覆盖的面积(2) It takes up . 它占地(3) It has a
46、population of., with an area of . 它拥有人口, 占地面积(4) It is . long and . wide.它长, 宽(5) . has a small/large population. 人烟稀少人口众多.(6) The population of . is . 的人口是3 历史渊源(1) The place has a history of more than . years.这个地方有超过年的历史。(2) . has witnessed too much coming and going in history.见证了历史的沧桑。(3) The place has a long history of culture.该地有着悠久的文化历史。(4) The history of . begins from . 某地