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1、备战2023年中考英语书面表达(写作步骤+满分范文+词句积累)开放式+提纲式作文第九章 开放式作文开放式作文不同于传统的书面表达, 题目只给出漫画内容, 很少有文字提示, 要求学生根据漫画内容充分发挥想象力和创造力, 通过拓展主题, 组织篇章, 在规定的时间里写出一篇内容充实的文章。开放式作文不仅考查学生的认知能力和思维方式, 同时也对想象能力、归纳和判断能力、思考和辨别能力等都提出了较高的要求。开放式作文所选取的话题多与学生的日常生活息息相关, 要求学生在平时生活中做个有心人。写法点拨1. 解析漫画, 把握要点 首先对题目给出的漫画进行分析, 把握作文的主题, 作者要根据主题发散自己的思维和
2、想象能力, 把可以联系上的东西都列下来, 进行一番头脑风暴。2. 筛选材料, 初定框架 把能想到的素材进行筛选和整理, 哪些该留下, 哪些是没用的, 哪些可以整合到一起等, 确定文章的体裁, 采取什么表现手法, 在心中形成初步的框架。3. 连词成句, 连句成文 选取恰当的词语来表达整理好的信息, 连词成句, 再用适当的过渡词或过渡句把各个句子连接起来, 使文章更加紧凑、自然。参考模板As we can see from the picture, _ (漫画内容).There are various reasons for_ (主题). For the first thing, _ (发表看法,
3、 说明原因一). For another, _ (原因二).Therefore, we should _. (自己的观点或建议, 该怎么做) And we should not_. (自己的观点或建议, 不该怎么做.)必备词汇1表示附加信息again又also也furthermore而且moreover此外as well as又whats more还有besides除此之外first首先secondly其次in addition而且not only . but also . 不仅而且2 表示因果therefore因此consequently结果because因为for the reason因为
4、so that因此thus于是since因此as a result结果3 表示转折but但是however然而instead相反yet然而on the contrary 相反on the one hand . on the other hand . 一方面另一方面必备句型1解析漫画内容(1) The picture tells us that . 图片告诉我们(2) What impresses me most about the picture is that . 这张图片让我印象最深刻的是(3) From the picture, it can be found that . 从图片中,
5、可以发现(4) What the picture wants to tell us is that . 图片想告诉我们的是(5) It can be seen from the picture . 从图片上可以看到(6) As is vividly shown in the picture . 正如图片上形象生动展示的那样, (7) I can see from the picture that . 我从图片上看到(8) The picture intends to show us that . 图片想要告诉我们 2表示漫画揭露的主题(1) The picture reveals that .
6、 图片揭露了(2) The picture reminds me of . 这张图片让我想起了(3) As is known to all, . 众所周知(4) We are now facing the problem that . 我们现在正面临着问题.(5) . is becoming more and more serious in recent years.近年来变得越来越严重了。(6) It is a common phenomenon that . 这是一个普遍的现象(7) There is no denying that . 不可否认3对事件、观点的总结或建议(1) We ca
7、n conclude that . 我们可以得出这样一个结论(2) Therefore, it is high time we . 所以, 我们是时候(3) Only in this way can we . 只有这样我们才能(4) Therefore, we should be aware of the importance of . 因此, 我们应该意识到的重要性。(5) To achieve our dream, we should . 为了实现目标, 我们应该(6) In my opinion, we should . 在我看来, 我们应该范例1题目: 下面是一组漫画, 请你根据对漫画
8、的理解写一篇文章, 80词左右。文章要包含下列内容:1. 漫画描述了什么内容;2. 漫画想要告诉我们什么;3. 你的个人观点。范文As we can see in the first picture, although its raining outside, the flower in the greenhouse grows well. However, in the second picture, the flower outside seems too weak to fight against the bad weather.The picture wants to tell us
9、that if we stay in comfortable conditions for too long, then it is impossible for us to get over difficulties. If we are always under the protection of our parents, we may easily get hurt one day.Thus, we should learn to face challenges by ourselves and dont grow in the greenhouse.译文正如我们从第一张图片中所看到,
10、尽管外面下着雨, 温室里的花朵却长得很好。然而, 在第二张图片中, 室外的花朵看上去太脆弱而不能抵抗恶劣天气。这组图片告诉我们, 如果我们待在舒适的环境里太久, 我们就不能够克服困难。如果我们一直在父母的保护下, 我们有一天可能会很容易受伤。因此, 我们要学会自己面对挑战, 不要在温室中成长。满分点评文章段落分明, 结构清晰, 内容全面, 从图片内容延伸到含义, 再到自己的感悟, 环环紧扣。 使用 however 引出第二张图片的内容, 突出两张图片的对比关系。 用if引导条件状语从句, 强调我们不能待在温室里。 用thus作过渡词, 承上启下, 引出自己的看法和建议。范例2题目:你的好友Su
11、san最近感到很烦躁, 睡眠也不好, 情绪低落。现要求你写一封邮件安慰她, 内容自定, 逻辑清晰, 内容合理, 语句通顺, 不少于80词。_范文Dear Susan, I have learned that you are suffering from a depression and dont have a good sleep. I have some suggestions for you.First of all, you should have a talk with your parents or teachers about how you feel. Secondly, you
12、 should hold a positive attitude toward life and try to find out the beauty around you. Finally, take part in various activities. If you could find something that interests you, that would be better. I hope you could recover from your bad mood soon and please smile as much as possible.Yours, Zhan Ji
13、ng译文亲爱的苏珊:我了解到你最近很沮丧, 也睡不好。我有些建议给你。首先, 你要和你的父母或老师谈一下你的感受。第二, 你要对生活抱着积极的态度, 努力找出你身边美好的事物。最后, 参加各种各样的活动。如果你能找到吸引你的事物, 那就更好了。我希望你早日从你的消极情绪中康复过来, 尽可能地多笑一笑。你的, 詹静满分点评本文主要是提建议, 作者使用适当的序数词分点指出建议。条理很清晰, 逻辑结构也不错。 about后面接介词宾语从句, 解释了谈话的内容, 使句子更完整。 从句使用定语从句, 修饰先行词something, 主句使用比较级better, 突出强调了要找到自己感兴趣的东西。 hop
14、e后面接宾语从句, 表达了作者对朋友的良好祝愿。范例3题目: 上周末你父母都出差了, 把你独自留在家里。于是那个周末你过得很辛苦, 现要求你合理展开想象, 把你是怎么度过周末的写成文章, 和同学分享。要求不少于80词。_范文Last weekend, my parents went on business and left me alone at home. I really had a difficult time.On Saturday, I held a party and invited my friends. I thought it would be great. But it t
15、urned out that the party was put off because I woke up late in the morning, and there was not enough food or drinks at the party. I felt hungry and nobody had fun. Then on Sunday, I had to spend a whole day cleaning my house which was in a mess after the party. And I was so tired that I forgot my ho
16、mework, for which I was scolded by teachers on Monday.What a difficult weekend I had!译文上周, 我父母出差了, 把我独自留在家里。我真的度过了一个艰难的周末。星期六, 我举办了一个聚会, 邀请了我的朋友们。我以为会很棒。结果因为我起床晚了, 所以推迟了聚会, 在聚会上也没有足够的食物和饮料。我感到很饿, 大家也玩得不开心。星期天, 我花了一整天来打扫屋子, 屋子在聚会之后乱糟糟的。我太累了, 以致忘记做作业了, 因此我在星期一的时候被老师批评了。真是一个艰难的周末!满分点评本文的逻辑清晰, 作者采用了倒叙的方
17、法, 先说明事情的结果, 再叙述事情发生的经过, 语法准确, 结构完整。 这是一个长句子, because引导了原因状语从句, and连接两个句子。 使用限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词house, 补充解释房子在聚会之后很乱。 介词which的用法, which指代前面整个句子。 这是一个感叹句, 突出作者内心的感受, 使人眼前一亮。第十章 提纲式作文提纲式作文和一般的文章不同, 提纲式作文在题目中就已经为我们列出了提纲, 确定了作文思路。提纲式作文考查作者的拓展能力、知识面、组织能力和作文能力。写法点拨1. 认真审题, 找准思路认真阅读题目所列出的提纲, 分析、揣摩出题者的用意, 确立文章的要
18、点, 找准写作的思路, 即找到作文的突破点, 围绕提纲内容尽量发散思维补充更多的内容。2. 初步构思, 拟定提纲整理、归纳能想到的信息, 应在内心构思一个基本的框架, 并确定使用哪种体裁来进行写作, 确定人称、时态等细节。3. 连词成句, 连句成文根据题目所列提纲, 用恰当的词语表达信息, 再把词语组成句子, 最后使用适当的词语把句子串联成文章。要注意连接顺畅, 适度使用过渡词和过渡句。参考模板Some people argue that _ (观点1). But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that _ (观
19、点2). As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, _ (论据1). More importantly, _ (论据2). Most important of all, _ (论据3).In summary, _ (总结观点).必备词汇agree同意disagree反对in favor of支持advantage优点reason原因phenomenon现象be concerned about担心solve the proble
20、m解决问题be aware of意识到with the development of . 随着的发展必备句型1 表达观点(1) . has become a hot topic recently. Opinions towards it vary from person to person.近来已经成为热门话题, 人们的看法不一。(2) There is an argument among people concerning . 人们在上各执己见。(3) Different people hold different ideas on . 不同的人对有不同的见解。(4) When talkin
21、g about . different people will have different answers.当谈到时, 不同的人有不同的答案。(5) Nowadays, the majority of people think that . Nevertheless, there are still some people who think that . 如今绝大多数人认为然而, 也有些人认为(6) Now it is commonly accepted that . But I doubt whether . 现在大家普遍认为, 我却对此持怀疑态度。(7) As far as I am
22、concerned, Id like to agree to the former.就我而言, 我赞同前一种观点。(8) I agree to the latter opinion to some extent.在某种程度上, 我同意后一种观点。2 表示解释或引出理由(1) A number of factors could account for the phenomenon, but the followings are the most critical ones.有很多因素导致了这种现象, 但是下文讲的因素是最重要的。(2) There are many reasons respons
23、ible for this instance, and the followings are the typical ones.导致这种现象的原因有很多, 以下所展示的原因是其中比较有代表性的。(3) The causes for the problem go much deeper.这一问题(现象、趋势)背后有着更深层次的原因。(4) There are many reasons that can explain this case.有很多原因可以解释该问题。(5) I think there are two main reasons.我认为有两个主要原因。(6) A number of f
24、actors could account for/lead to the change of . 解释引起变化的原因有很多。(7) Perhaps the main/primary reason is . 也许, 主要根本的原因是3 对事件、观点的总结(1) In spite of these disadvantages, I think . does more good than harm to people.尽管有种种不好, 但我认为对人们产生的作用利大于弊。(2) Comparing the two sides, there is no denying that . has produc
25、ed great effects on society.对比两方面, 不得不承认对社会产生了很大的影响。(3) To conclude, I would say that . 总之, 我认为(4) In my opinion, we should . 就我看来, 我们应该(5) Only in this way can we . 只有这样我们才能(6) In my opinion, if it is in proper use, it may bring us . 在我看来, 要是运用恰当, 它会带给我们(7) To sum up, we should deal with it effecti
26、vely.总之, 我们要有效率地处理它。(8) Although there are many arguments against it, we must realize that the value of . depends on how it is used.尽管有很多反对的意见, 但我们必须意识到的价值在于我们如何使用它。(9) In a word, if everyone works together, we can make a difference to the world.总之, 如果我们大家一起努力, 我们就可以对世界产生影响。范例1题目: 根据下列内容提示, 合理展开想象,
27、写一篇不少于80词的文章。1. 你的朋友生病了;2. 同学和我都向他表示关心;3. 你从这件事中得到的启发。_范文Last week, my friend Li Han was badly ill so he couldnt go to school. My classmates and I were very worried about him.So, we went to visit Li Han the other day. We sent Li Han our good wishes and beautiful flowers. Since the final exam is to c
28、ome, we offered to help Li Han with his lessons after his recovery so that he wouldnt fail the final exam. Li Han was grateful for what we had done. And what I learned from this is that the world is full of love, warmth and peace.译文上周, 我的朋友李汉病得很重, 所以不能来上学。同学们和我都很担心他。所以前几天我们去看了李汉。我们给李汉带去了我们的祝福和美丽的鲜花。
29、因为期末考试将近, 所以我们决定等李汉康复之后帮他补习功课, 这样他就不会在期末考试时考砸。对于我们所做的, 李汉表示很感动。我也从这件事中学到, 世界是充满爱、温暖和和睦的。满分点评本文主要按照事情发生的顺序来写, 各部分衔接得很自然, 环环紧扣。 用so承接上文, 同时引出下文, 使段落之间过渡自然。 since引导原因状语从句, so that引导目的状语从句。 本句用了what引导介词宾语从句, 表示感激的内容。范例2题目: 根据下列内容提示, 充分发挥想象, 拓展文章, 写一篇不少于80词的文章。内容提示:1. 每个人都想获得成功;2. 意志坚强、坚持不放弃、勤奋进取是成功的三大要素
30、;3. 我坚信_范文Everyone wants to achieve success. But only those who work with perseverance will get success while those who give up halfway will fail.Generally, there are three ways for us to achieve success. The first way is that we should have a strong will. A man without a strong will never succeed.
31、The second way is that we should never give up. Whatever failures or difficulties we meet, dont lose heart. In addition, the last way to achieve success is to work hard and make continuous progress.In conclusion, so long as we follow the three ways, we can achieve success.译文每个人都想取得成功, 然而只有那些坚持不懈的人才会
32、取得成功, 半途而废的人则会失败。通常, 有三种办法可以取得成功。第一是我们要有坚强的意志。没有坚强意志的人永远不会成功。第二是我们要永不放弃。无论我们遇到怎样的失败和困难, 都不要失去信心。另外, 最后一个取得成功的办法是努力学习, 不断进步。总之, 只要我们遵循这三个办法, 我们就会成功的。满分点评本文主要讲述了成功的三个方法, 作者使用序数词有层次地展开, 逻辑结构很好, 句法也不错。 who引导定语从句修饰those, 两个相似结构的使用形成排比。 这一句使用了祈使句, 语气更加强烈, 使人眼前一亮。 so long as引导条件状语从句, 突出了三个方法对成功的重要性。范例3题目:
33、近来, 出国留学是一个很热的话题。你是怎么看待这个问题的?结合下面的提纲要求, 合理拓展, 写一篇不少于80词的文章。提纲要求:1. 认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择;2. 也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想;3. 我的看法。参考词汇:further study 深造_范文With the development of economy, more and more people go abroad for further study. Different people hold different opinions towards this.Some people think that it
34、is the best choice to go abroad for studying because there are more excellent professors and they could have a better environment. However, some people argue that we can also achieve our dreams at home. Moreover, it is expensive to study abroad. From where I stand, I believe what counts is not the p
35、lace where they study, but what and how they learn. 译文随着经济的发展, 越来越多的人到国外留学。不同的人对此有不同的看法。有人认为出国留学是最好的选择, 因为那里有更多优秀的教授, 他们也可以有更好的环境。然而, 有人反驳说, 我们在国内也可以实现梦想。而且, 出国留学太贵了。就我所站的立场而言, 我认为关键不是他们学习的地点, 而是他们学习的东西和方式。满分点评本文词句通顺, 表达顺畅, 语法和句法运用得很好, 适度使用从句使文章的表达多样, 上下文的连接也很紧凑。 用with介词短语作原因状语, 解释原因。 用it作形式主语, 不定式to study abroad作真正的主语。 本句的句式比较复杂, 宾语从句里包含主语从句, 是很巧妙的用法。