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1、优点英语“三种手法”优化续写表达修辞手法 (figure of speech) 是根据表达需要，运用有效的语言手段来提高语言的表达效果，使语言表达具有准确性、鲜明性和生动性的语言运用方式。恰当地使用修辞手段，可以使文章更加生动，更具有表现力，蕴意丰富，引人入胜。常用的修辞手法有：夸张 (Exaggeration)、明喻 (Simile)、暗喻 (Metaphor)、拟人 (Personification)、 排比 (Parallelism)、头韵 (Alliteration)、对比 (Contrast)、矛盾 (Oxymoron)、双关 (Pun)、移情 (Empathy) 等。下面介绍三种在
2、续写中有效且好用的修辞手法。一、比喻（Simile）一种最常见的修辞方法，喻体、本体、比喻词同时出现的，是将具有某种共同特征的两种基本上不相同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。常见比喻词有like，as，asas，as if，as though, of，compared to及be similar to等。试比较：Jenny was very happy. Jenny很开心。升级：Jenny couldnt resist her inner joy, flying into the door like a bird. Jenny控制不住内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了家门。 很明显，用了比喻升级后，Je
3、nny开心的画面跃然纸上，非常生动。格式：本体 + 比喻词 + 喻体注意：本体与喻体一般为两个不同事物 (如属同类，应具不同性质或特征)，比喻方可成立。如： Peter is as tall as his father. Peter is as tall as a tower.上述例句中，例 不算明喻，只是一个比较句，因为Peter及其father同属人类；例 才是比喻句，因为Peter与tower分属人与物。方法一：like 示例：1. 还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。He moved like lightening before the police came.2. 她像是一朵枯萎的花
4、低着头。She hung her head like a dying flower.3. 我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.词块积累：like a duck to water 如鱼得水 like a drowned cat 落汤鸡like a cat on hot bricks 热锅上的蚂蚁 like a rat in a hole 如瓮中之鳖spring up like mushroom 如雨后春笋般出现 spend money like water挥金如土用法体验：1. The smile on
5、 her face shone like a diamond. （情感描写）她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。2. The scenery along the journey is just like a breath-taking landscape painting. (景物描写)沿路的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。3. The icy wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife. (景物描写)寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。4. 繁星像珊珊发光的珠宝一样装饰了浩瀚的天空。Clusters of stars de
6、corated the vast sky like sparkling jewels. (景物描写)5. 他坐在那里，盯着空白的屏幕，像是一个鬼魂在寻找他的影子。He sits there staring at the blank screen like a ghost searching for his reflection.（动作描写）公式：本体 + like + 喻体 + that从句 / 非谓语动词示例：星光熠熠生辉，像好奇的孩子一样盯着我们。The stars sparkled vividly, like a curious child glazing at us. The star
7、s sparkled vividly, like a curious child, that glazed at us.再如：a curious child (looking at us with anticipation) 一个好奇的孩子（期待地看着我们）naughty children (looking at us with curiosity) 顽皮的孩子（好奇地看着我们）a quiet observer (overlooking us with passion) 安静的观察者（热切地俯瞰着我们）an old friend (witnessing our delight) 一位见证我们快
8、乐的老朋友用比喻改写句子：1. The stars shone in the sky. - The bright stars scattered in the sky, like gems twinkling brilliantly.2. The trees waved.- The trees waved wildly in the air, like drunken man trembling from side to side.方法二：as as 示例：1. 我们面前的景色美如一幅画。The scenery before us is as beautiful as a picture.2.
9、 这辆公交车走得像蜗牛一样慢。The bus went as slowly as a snail.3. 听到这个消息我感到很难过，就像热锅上的蚂蚁一样坐立不安。Hearing the news, I felt so sorry, as restless as ants on a hot pan. 词块积累：as busy as a bee 忙忙碌碌 as hungry as a wolf 饥肠辘辘as proud as a peacock 傲如孔雀 as easy as ABC极其容易as firm as a rock 坚如磐石 as light as a feather轻如鸿毛as cool
10、 as a cucumber 泰然自若 as sure as a gun千真万确as soft as water 柔情似水 as pure as snow 纯净如雪as clear as crystal 清如水晶 as weak as water 软弱无力，弱不禁风as unique as a fingerprint 独一无二 as drunk as a mouse 烂醉如泥用法体验：1. 他茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。He looked at the test with a stare as blank as his notebook.2. 我正沿着马路走着，这时一只大狗突然站
11、在我前面，有大象那么大。I was walking along the road when suddenly this enormous dog stood in front of me. It was as big as an elephant.3. 她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun on a summer day.（情感描写）4. 父亲冲到儿子的学校后，才发现这座建筑已经变成一片废墟。Father rushed to his sons school, only to discover the
12、 building was as flat as pancake. (景物描写)5. 我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。I reached out to touch her face, which was as cold as the ice. (人物描写)方法三：as if / as though示例：1. 我的腿动不了了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。I couldnt move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor.2. 瞧他那样子 好像几个月没好好吃过一顿饭似的。He looks as though he hasnt
13、had a square meal for months.3. 整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.用法体验：1. 老师看着我的眼睛，仿佛看到了我灵魂深处封闭的自我。The teacher looked at my eyes as if she were seeing my inner self locked away inside.（动作描写）2. 她眼睛湿润，把儿子拥进怀里，仿佛想把他的呼吸挤出来。She swept her son into her arms with
14、her eyes wet as if she wanted to squeeze the breath out of him.（动作描写）3. 他的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的霜雪。Her hair grew greyer and greyer, as if it were covered with snow and frost.（肖像描写）4. 她感觉自己心好像从她的身体里被撕开了。She felt as if her heart had been ripped from her body.（情感描写）5. 地上覆盖着樱花，这个国家似乎覆盖着粉红色的雪。The country, co
15、vered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.（场景描写）素材积累：风：The icy wind started howling, like a sharp knife scratching my face.太阳：The morning sunlight flooded in through the curtain, like pieces of gold dancing on the floor.树：Tall trees lined up on both sides of the st
16、reet, like soldiers throwing long shadows on the ground.云：The white clouds hang low in the sky, like pieces of cotton sailing with the wind.雨：The dreadful rain was pouring down, like monsters beating wildly against the windows.花：The flowers dotted the garden, like spirits dancing gracefully in the a
17、ir.综合体验：1. Night fell. The darkness was thin, like some sleazy dress that has been worn and worn for many winters and always lets the cold through to the bones. 夜色降临, 暮色稀薄, 犹如穿过了数个冬季的敝衣, 难以抵御刺骨的严寒。2. A fire still fluttered in the grate, like a bird trying to find its way out of the room. 一团火还在壁炉炉膛里舞
18、动着，就像一只挣脱束缚的鸟。3. The last leaf of autumn fluttered to the ground, like a drop of autumns tear, melting silently in his overwhelming sorrow. 秋天的最后一片叶子像一滴秋天的眼泪一样飘落在地上，在他压倒性的悲伤中默默融化。二、拟人（Personification）拟人（personification）：拟人手法是把无生命的事物（诸如动物、植物、物体、思想或抽象概念等）比作人，赋予它们人的特性、外表、思维、动作，即把本来适用于人的词汇用于物，使之人格化，使语言生
19、动，形象，更有感染力。方法一：把自然现象当作人来描写示例：1）The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air. 鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞。2）The mist swallowed him up. 薄雾把他包围起来。3）The volcano spit out lava from its mouth. 火山口喷出岩浆。4）The moon played hide and seek (捉迷藏) with the clouds. 月亮和云彩做迷藏一样时隐时现。5）The mist swallowed him up. 薄雾把他包围起来。技法体验：1）The
20、 breeze gently kissed her cheeks. (景物描写)微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。2）The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture. (景物描写)鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。3）The icy wind started howling, stinging my face. (景物描写)寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。4）Stars winked at me in a darkening sky. (景物描写)夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。5）Immediately
21、, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. (景物描写)顷刻间，黑暗统治了森林。 方法二：把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写示例：1）Fear seized / swallowed him.（情感描写）恐惧吞噬了他。2）Anger choked my words.（情感描写）我气得说不出话来。3）A good idea suddenly struck me.我突然想到一个好主意。技法体验：1）Anxiety torn him into pieces.（情感描写）她焦虑不安，十分崩溃。2）Confidence deserted him.（情感描写）他没信心了。3）
22、Excitement deprived me of all power of speech.（情感描写）我兴奋的啥也说不出来了。4）Excitement deprived me of all power of speech.（情感描写） 我兴奋的啥也说不出来了。5）Anxiety torn him into pieces.（情感描写）她焦虑不安，十分崩溃。方法三：把动物当作人来描写技法体验：1）Birds on the tree are singing a beautiful song. (景物描写)树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。2）The frogs are giving a concer
23、t-mixed chorus. (景物描写)青蛙在举办音乐会-混声大合唱。3）Fireflies patrol the grass with small lanterns. (景物描写)萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。4）In the dead of night, the crickets played on the terrace of the house.寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。(景物描写)三、排比（Parallelism）也称平行, 是把结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列的一种修辞方法，利用意义相关或相近，结构相同或相似和语气相同的词组 (主、谓
24、、动、宾) 或句子并排 (三句或三句以上),达到一种增强语气、 充分抒情、 集中说理的作用。示例：1. If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place when all things are possible，who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time，who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.这三个排比组合句是奥
25、巴马竞选总统获胜演讲的开场白。通过这三个排比句， 奥巴马言简意赅地表达了他获胜的意义：显示出 “美国梦” 的独特性和普遍价值， 肯定他的获胜是对美国政治文化传统的继承而不是背离。2. As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China womens volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is loved by fans
26、at home and abroad. 人物介绍，运用三个 as a .描述出了郎平无论是作为一名运动员还是一名教练亦或是一个人， 她都是非常成功的。句意为：作为一名球员，郎平给她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。 作为一个人， 郎平深受国内外粉丝的喜爱。3. Music gave me happiness. . Music gave me strength and brought me relief. . Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of satisfaction. . 作者运用三个 mu
27、sic gave me. 排比句， 层层递进，增强了语言感染力， 排比手法的运用突出了音乐带给我的积极影响。句意为：音乐给了我幸福。音乐给了我力量，给我带来了解脱。而且，音乐给了我希望和满足感。4. When it comes to wildlife protection, all species - the good, the bad, and the ugly - should be treated equally. 运用三个排比短语，强调了不管什么样的野生动物都应该受到平等对待和保护。句意为：当涉及到野生动物保护时， 所有物种好的、坏的和丑陋的都应该得到平等的对待。5. A list o
28、f buildings undestroyed was now only a few ad dresses. A list of the brave men and women would fill a library. A list of all those killed will never be made. 运用三项 “a list of .” 排比， 阐述了地震的破坏性。句意为：幸存的建筑清单上现在只有几个地址了。 英雄的名单则可以填满一个图书馆。 而遇难者的名单却再也无法统计了。技法体验：1. Mother was very busy gathering the laundry, d
29、usting the furniture and washing the dishes.（动作描写） 母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服, 掸去家具上的灰尘, 洗碗。2. Whether in class, at work, or at home, James was always busy.（情景描写）无论是在课堂上, 在工作中, 还是在家里, 詹姆斯总是很忙。3. Dont make promise when you are in joy. Dont reply when you are sad. Dont take decision when you are angry.（生活哲理）别在喜悦的时候
30、许下承诺;别悲伤的时候做出回答;别在愤怒的时候做出决定。4. Pain makes you stronger, tears make you braver, heartbreak makes you wiser, so thank the past for a better future.（哲理）痛苦, 会让你更强大; 眼泪, 会让你更勇敢; 心碎, 会让你更睿智，所以为了更好的未来感谢过去吧。5. This is not only just what I wanted, but also just what I needed. 这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。6. The morning s
31、un shone on the ground warmly and gently，the gentle warm wind blew softly on the face and the tall green trees waved quietly on the roadsides.（场景描写）素材积累:1. stream溪流 The afternoon sunlight fell on the grass, the wind blew lightly, and the water flew silently down the stream.2. fire(flame)火灾 Hot air e
32、nveloped the room, the lights glowed in the smoke, and flames spread wildly in all directions.3. beach海边The mild sunlight fell on the sand, the air blew softly from the sea, and the crowds played happily on the beach.4. lake湖边 The thin clouds flew slowly in the sky, the tall green trees waved wildly
33、 in the wind, and the sunlight shone on the lake.5. classroom Lights shone brightly on the floor, tidy desks and chairs lined up neatly, and the students listened to the teacher attentively.6. playground Blazing sunlight burned like an oven, hot air surrounded the playground, the crowds were cheered wildly the runners.优点英语