江苏开放大学大学英语b1第一次形考作业参考答案23年秋.docx

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1、江苏开放大学大学英语b1第一次形考作业参考答案23年秋注意:学习平台题目可能是随机,题目顺序与本答案未必一致,同学们在本页按“Ctrl+F”快捷搜索题目中“关键字”就可以快速定位题目,一定注意答案对应的选项,如果答案有疑问或遗漏,请在下载网站联系上传者进行售后。一、江苏开放大学大学英语b1第一次形考作业单选题答案23年秋1、A-1到A-15是未完成的句子,考核所学词汇与语法知识点,针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A-1. How are you getting along with your study? _A、Fine. Wh

2、at about you?B、I dont know.C、Quite right.D、Its too hard for me.正确答案:A学生答案:A2、A-2. Peter, _? Not too bad.A、whats up B、what are you doing C、whats wrong with you D、whats the matter正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:此题考查的是交际情境日常问候用语。从问句Whats up?是老朋友见面时常用到一句非正式问候语,意思与How are you? 相同,回答常用Not too bad. 还不错。3、A-3. Mary wanted

3、 to avoid running down a dog but ran _ a big tree by the roadside.A、overB、onC、intoD、up正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:此题考查的是固定词组搭配及词义辨析。run over:溢出;run into:撞上,碰上; run on:流逝,涉及; run up:高涨,高速运转。本句想表达的是:玛丽想要避免撞到狗,结果自己撞上了路边的一棵大树。4、A-4. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _ a day. A、customersB、suppo

4、rtersC、guestsD、clients正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析:此题考查名词近义词辨析。Clients:客户,委托人;customers: 顾客;消费者;supporters:支持者;guests:个人。 本句想表达的是:通常情况下,一个成功的律师每天都必须会见几位当事人。5、A-5. This new machine is technically far _to the previous type.A、superiorB、juniorC、seniorD、equal正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:此题考查形容词近义词辨析。superior to:优于;junior:初级的;se

5、nior:高级的;equal:相等的。 本句想表达的是:这台新机器在技术上远优于前一种型号的机器。6、A-6. Climate change will greatly _ wheat and rice production if nations dont take steps now.A、fallB、leakC、lackD、reducE、正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析:此题考查动词近义词辨析。fall:降落;leak:泄露;lack:缺乏;reduce:减少,使减少。本句想表达的是:如果国家现在不采取措施的话,天气变化会使小麦和水稻极大地减产。7、A-7. Without my glasse

6、s I can hardly _ what has been written in the letter.A、make forB、make upC、make outD、make over正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:本题考查的是动词词组辨析。make for:走向,朝着什么方向走;make up:化妆,编故事,弥补;make out:理解,辨认出;make over:转让,移交。本句想表达的是:没有眼镜,我几乎看不出信上写了什么。8、A-8. Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivor

7、s in an earthquake.SensEB、viewC、meansD、ideA正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:本题考查的是固定搭配。a sense of smell嗅觉。a sense of 可以和不同的名词连用表示“感”,如a sense of+感官名词,或者a sense of humor幽默感等。本句想表达的是:狗有非常好的嗅觉,经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。9、A-9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A、whichB、th

8、atC、wherED、when正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:本题考查的是限定性定语从句关联词的用法。本句的先行词是地点名词the small town,且定语从句中缺地点状语,用关系副词 where。故C为正确选项。本句想表达的是:在巴黎居住了50年后,他回到他儿时生活过的小镇。10、A-10. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A、making herself hearB、to make herself hearC、making herself hearDD、to make herself hearD正确答案:D学生答案:

9、D答案解析:本题考查的是动词的用法。因为Hellen要使自己讲的话被别人听到,所以要用过去分词作宾补,即:make herself heard;又因为make herself heard是shout的目的,所以用不定式。 本句想表达的是:Helen为了能使自己被听到,她不得不用比音乐更大的声音。11、A-11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A、to formB、formC、formi

10、ngD、having formeD正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:本题考查的是非谓语动词中现在分词作定语的用法。form表示“出现、产生”,是不及物动词,又因为pictures与form是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。本句想表达的是:阅读与看电视是完全不同的体验,能够在大脑中形成画面而不是用眼睛看到画面。12、A-12._ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services.A、WhatB、WhoC、WhateverD、Whoever正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:本题考查的是名词性从句的用法。在此题中what

11、引导的What makes his shop different 为主语从句,what同时在从句中充当主语。同时句中还有that引导的表语从句,也是名词性从句的一种。本句想表达的是:他提供更多的个人服务使自己的商店不同于其他商店。13、A-13. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A、beginB、beganC、have begunD、had begun正确答案:B学生答案:B答案解析:本

12、题考查的是非限制性定语从句中时态的用法。关联词when引导的非限定性定语从句中,when指20世纪90年代初,当然用一般过去时。本句想表达的是:自从20世纪90年点初,CD的销量有了巨大提高,此时人们就开始享受这一新科技带来的好处。14、A-14._ ten minutes earlier, you wouldnt have missed the train. But you were late.A、Had you comEB、Did you comEC、Have you comED、Should you comE正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:本题考查的是虚拟语气的用法。题目中if引导的条

13、件状语从句是省略了if的虚拟语气。主句谓语动词是would have done,表示事实与过去作比较,所以从句要用过去完成时had done。省略if后要倒装,把had提前。本句想表达的是:如果你早到10分钟,就不会错过火车。但是你迟到了。15、A-15. So many representatives_, the conference had to be put off.A、were absent B、to be absentC、being absentD、had been absent正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:本题考查的是独立主格的用法。be absent在独立主格结构中,用分词结

14、构表达为being absent。本句想表达的是:由于很多代表缺席,所以会议不得不被推迟。16、A-31至A-40为完型填空题,阅读材料中共包含10个未完成的句子,针对每个句子中空缺部分有4个选项,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Your body, which has close relations A-31 the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper A-32and proper nourishment (营养). The old saying “An ap

15、ple a day keeps the doctorA-33” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs A-34 and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins A-35 pill form, believing that these will make them healthy. But a good A-36 is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the v

16、itamins you need. The body doesnt need or use extra vitamins, A-37 why waste money on them? In the modern western world, many people are A-38 busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and A-39. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad ea

17、ting _A-40 is frightening.A-31. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、toB、withC、ofD、from正确答案:B学生答案:B答案解析:此处考查词组固定搭配“have relations with sth. ”意思是“与有关系”。17、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、treatmentB、measurement C、movementD、statement正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:词义辨析,trea

18、tment对待, measurement 衡量,movement 运动、移动,statement 陈述。18、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、apartB、altogether C、awayD、alonE正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:固定搭配,“ keep sb. away”意思是“远离”。“An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ”这是一句英语谚语。意思是一天吃一个苹果不用医生开药方。19、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-34. Which o

19、ne is the best to fill in the blank?A、meatB、milkC、fishD、fruits正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析:考查逻辑关系。只有fruit含有维生素,所以选D。20、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、onB、forC、ofD、in正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析:考查词组固定搭配。 “inform”意思是“以形式”。21、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-36. Which one is the best to fill in the bla

20、nk?A、dietB、habitC、stylED、lifE正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:考查上下文逻辑关系。“diet”饮食,“habit”习惯,“style”风格, “life”生活,只有A“ diet”符合逻辑。22、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、OtherwisEB、however C、so D、although正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:考查上下文逻辑关系。“otherwise”否则,“however”然而,“so”所以,“although”尽管。根据上下文逻辑推理,C为

21、正确答案。23、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、veryB、too C、extremelyD、much正确答案:B学生答案:B答案解析:固定搭配“tooto”,意思是“太以至于不能”。24、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、carefullyB、quietly C、carelesslyD、noisily正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:考查逻辑关系。“eating hurriedly and

22、 carelessly”, 由于吃得很快,很匆忙,所以很粗心。其它词语都不符合逻辑。25、阅读A-31题干中材料,完成本题。A-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?A、habitsB、hobbiesC、mannersD、behaviors正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:考查上下文关系以及词义辨析。“habit”习惯,“hobbies”嗜好、爱好,“manners”举止,“behaviors” 行为。26、A-41到A-45是5个英文句子,针对每个英文句子有4个选项,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出翻译的最佳选项。A-41. It i

23、s possible that your company is facing difficulties of which we are not aware.A、可能你公司正面临一些我们不了解的困难。B、也许你公司正面临着一些我们不明白的困难。C、我们不知道你公司正面临困难是有可能的。D、有可能你公司正在面临些困难,都是我们不了解的。正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:本题翻译时注意对复合句的理解。“of which we are no aware”为定语从句,修饰名词“difficulties”;C,D两项没有准确的翻译出定语从句;B项“be aware”在此句中翻译成“明白”不够贴切。故选A。

24、27、A-42. The director is disappointed because he has not found anyone in the applicants who is particularly qualified for this job. A、已经任命了主任,因为只有他有能力去寻找适合做这项工作的求职者。B、已经任命了主任,因为只有他才有资格去挑选肯做这项工作的求职者。C、主任非常失望,因为他还没有在这些求职者中发现具有特殊资质的人。D、主任很失望,因为他还没在求职者中找到特别有资格做这项工作的人。正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析: 本句是一个主从复合句,含有一个bec

25、ause引导的原因状语从句,而该状语从句里面又包含了一个who引导的定语从句,修饰anyone。除了句式之外,关键的词汇包括disappointed(失望的)和be qualified for(有资格做)。选项D既符合原句式的逻辑关系,对词汇的翻译也准确无误,为最佳答案。选项C不如选项D的地方在于没有准确翻译词汇particularly qualified,该词汇的意思是“尤其合格的”,而非如选项C所译的“有特殊资质的”。选项A和选项B较差,都误将disappointed(失望)当作了appointed(任命)。两者虽然都保留了原因状语从句的翻译,但是里面的定语从句却译得不好。选项A漏译了pa

26、rticularly,而“能力”也不知从何而来,但总算保留了定语从句与anyone的修饰关系,也译出了qualified的意思;相比之下,选项B更糟糕,它把修饰anyone的qualified译成了“主任”的修饰成分,而且该选项中的“肯做的”纯属无中生有。 28、A-43. We believe that quality is the soul of an enterprise, which is the reason why we attach great importance to quality control. A、我们认为素质是企业的精华,因此我们重视员工素质培养。B、我们相信企业要

27、有企业精神,因此我们努力创建企业文化。C、我们相信质量是企业的灵魂,所以我们高度重视质量控制。D、我们认为质量是企业的核心,所以我们一贯坚持质量标准。正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析: 本句是一个复合句,包括动词believe后的宾语从句,和逗号后的非限制性定语从句。注意,该定语从句的which指的是前面整个主句的内容,因此,这个定语从句中的which is the reason why可以等同于so(因此),与主句形成因果关系。四个选项都有注意到这种因果关系,故四个选项的质量就取决于对词汇的翻译了。该句关键的词汇是quality(质量),quality control(品质控制)和attac

28、h importance to(重视)。根据以上的分析,选项C是最佳答案。选项D次之,因为该选项将quality control译为了“质量标准”,并加进了原句没有的“一贯坚持”这一内容。选项A将quality译为了“素质”,如果没有后面的quality control作对照,将quality译为“素质”其实无不可,但是有了quality control就能发现quality应该指企业生产的产品的“质量”,而非企业员工素质。选项B是最不可取的,该选项完全将宾语从句和定语从句的内容译错了,关键词汇全部译错。 29、A-44. In addition to his major, John had

29、taken up some courses on economics in college so that he could find a good job after graduation. A、除所学的专业外,约翰在大学还选修了一些经济学课程,以便毕业后能找到一份好工作。 B、除了所学专业,约翰在大学还自学了一些经济学课程,这样毕业后就找到了一份好工作。 C、约翰毕业后就找到了一份好的工作,因为除了所学专业,还选修了其他一些大学的课程。D、约翰大学一毕业就找到一份好工作,因为他在本专业之外,还附带学了一些经济学课程。正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析: 本句是一个包含目的状语从句的复合句。还

30、值得注意的是,本句并非以主语John开始,而是以一个状语开始,所以,处理好该状语与主句的关系也很重要。选项A是最佳选项,该选项译对了句首状语和主句的关系,也译对了so that(以便于)引出的目的状语从句。选项B、C和选项D虽然句式看似区别很大,但其实三个选项有一点相似之处:他们都将原句中的目的状语从句译作了结果状语从句,把约翰“想要找份好工作”这个愿望译为了事实。选项D除了这个错误外,其他都算译对了。选项B比选项D稍差,因为选项B将约翰选修的课程译成了约翰“自学”这些课程。选项C是最不可取的,因为该选项漏译了“经济学”这一重要的信息点。 30、A-45. If the delivery ti

31、me indicated is 14 days, the goods will be sent to you within this time regardless of when the order is placed. A、如果显示的交货时间是14天,无论你们订的是什么货物,都会按时送达的。 B、如果交货时间显示的是14天,无论何时订货,货物都将在14天内送达你处。C、假如是14天后显示发货时间的话,不管你订的是什么货物,都将按时送到。D、假如你要求14天后发货的话,不管你订的是什么货物,都必须另外下订单。正确答案:B学生答案:B答案解析: 本句句式不算复杂,是含有一个if引导的条件状语从

32、句的复合句。难点是:(1)indicated是后置定语,修饰delivery time,意为“显示的送货时间”,因此该从句中的动词是is,而非indicated;(2)regardless of及其后的名词性从句合起来组成一个相对于主句内容的让步条件,这一部分的意思是“不管订单是什么时候下的”。根据以上分析,选项B为最佳答案。选项A次之,因为该选项将regardless of后的“when”错译为了“what”,也可以说,该选项漏译了“时间”这一内容。选项C犯了和选项A同样的错误,另外,选项C没有理解indicated在句中的作用,将其译为了动词。选项D最不可取,该选项中的“你要求14天后发货

33、”和“另外下订单”都与原文的意思相差甚远,再加上将when译为了what(什么货物),选项D与原句契合的内容已所剩无几。 二、江苏开放大学大学英语b1第一次形考作业综合题答案23年秋1、 A-Passage OnE、 阅读所给材料。短文后有5个问题,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The AlphaGo programs victory is an example of how smart computers have become. But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meani

34、ng can they be honest and fair? One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes

35、, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?

36、Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge. About the same time as AlphaGos triumph, Microsofts chatbottook a bad turn. The software, named Taylor,

37、 was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler

38、, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages. AlphaGos victory and Taylors defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different use AI in the real world. The unp

39、redictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem. Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, mo

40、re able and “just better human beings.”1、What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGos victory?A、Computers will prevail over human beings.B、Computers have unmatched potential.C、Computers are mans potential rivals.D、Computers can become highly intelligent.正确答案:D学生答案:D答案解析:细节辨认题。由题干中的

41、 the example of AlphaGos victory定位到第一段。定位段指出,阿尔法围棋程序的胜利例证了计算机已经变得有多聪明,即计算机可以变得非常智能,故答案为Computers can become highly intelligent.。2、What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?A、They are capable of predicting possible risks.B、They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.C、T

42、hey make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.D、They sacrifice everything to save human lives.正确答案:C学生答案:C答案解析:推理判断题。由题干中的 AI machines acting ethically 定位到第二段。定位段提出问题:人工智能机器能合乎伦理地做事情吗?即它们能做到诚实和公正吗?作者在第三段进一步解释说明:它们有的时候会面临生命之间的抉择,在该救谁的伦理道德问题上作出判断,故答案为They make sensible decisions when facing m

43、oral dilemmas.。3、What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?A、Howtomakesuper-intelligentAI machinessharehuma feelings.B、Howto ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.C、How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.D、How to avoid being over-dependent on AI m

44、achines.正确答案:B学生答案:B答案解析:细节辨认题。由题干中的 the bigger challenge 定位到第四段第二句。定位句提到,向一台甚至比我们还聪明的机器教授伦理道德将是更大的挑战。也就是说,如何确保那些超级聪明的人工智能机器合乎伦理地做事情对我们人类而言是一个更大的挑战,故答案为How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.。4、What do we learn about Microsofts chatbot Taylor?A、She could not distinguish good

45、from bad.B、She could turn herself off when necessary.C、She was not made to handle novel situations.D、She was good at performing routine tasks.正确答案:A学生答案:A答案解析:推理判断题。由题干中的 Microsofts chatbot Taylor 定位到第五段。定位段第四、五句指出,泰勒被设计得可以慢慢提高其处理对话的能力,但是有些人在教她一些种族主义的观点。当她开始说希特勒好话的时候,微软公司将她关闭,并删除了她最恶劣的言论。由此可见,泰勒这一聊天

46、机器人没有辨别是非的能力,故答案为She could not distinguish good from bad.。5、What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?A、It will be far superior to human beings.B、 It will keep improving as time goes by.C、 It will prove to be an asset to human beings.D、 It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.正确答案

47、:C学生答案:C答案解析:推理判断题。由题干中的Eric Schmidt定位到文章最后一段。定位段提到,艾里克斯密特认为人工智能对人类将是有利的。在人工智能方面的进步可以使人类更聪明,更有能力,“成为更好的自己”。由此可见,人工智能对于人类并不是坏事,而是人类的财富,可以为人类所用,服务于人类。故答案为It will prove to be an asset to human beings.。2、A-Passage Two阅读所给材料。短文后有5个问题,请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadg

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