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1、【考研英语】2021年9月北京对外经济贸易大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects atadvanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed _ 1_extending man/s knowledge of these subjects.The emphasis given toeach of these functions varies from university to u
2、niversity,according tothe views of the people in _ 2 _ and according to the resourcesavailable.The smaller and newer universities do not possess the staff orequipment to carry out the _ 3 _ research projects possible in largerinstitutions.But most experts agree that some research activity isessentia
3、l to keep the staff and their students in touch with the latestdevelopments in their subjects.2.prospect place control favor3.A.maximumB.mediumC.virtualD.vastl.A、atB、byC、toD、in【正确答案】A【答案解析】aim 可以与a t和 to 构成固定搭配。但 是 a t为介词，后面接名词或动词；而 to 为不定式符号，后面接动词原形。此空格后为动名词，故只能选A 项。第2题【单选题】I four universities and
4、was accepted by all of them.A、applied toB、applied fromC、applied inD、applied off【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。apply t o 向 正式申请；向 要求，答案选A。第3题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出，识别;承 认。第4题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousa
5、nds homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第5题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源;发生;起航。第6题【单选题】A great number of houses would have t
6、o be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路,让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第7题【单选题】The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowlsin all directions before he was sent by his
7、wife.A、flying;to sleepB、flying;sleepingC、to fly;to sleepingD、to fly;to sleep【正确答案】A【答案解析】send sb.sth.doing意为 使.快速移动;sendsb.to sleep意为 使某人入睡，其中t o 为介词,sleep为名词。第8题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC、speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；employm
8、ent职业；雇用。第9题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not helpa family;
9、instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with ahigh birth rate.After World War回，Ita
10、lys economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isn/t necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o对照本段In
11、 a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第10题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildren/s book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imagi
12、nary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of R
13、oxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第11题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A、intenseB、tenseC、intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。
14、tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第12题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation 职业；employment职业；雇用。第13题【单选题】The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water inWashington.In April,Senator Charles Schum
15、er called on Facebook tochange its privacy policy.He also urged the Federal Trade Commission toset guidelines for social-networking sites.think the senator rightlycommunicated that we had not been clear about what the new productswere and how people could choose to use them or not to use them/Schrag
16、e admits.What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?A、Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B、Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.C、Banning the sharing of users/personal information.D Removing ads from all social-networking sites.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 事实细节题。由题干中的SenatorCharles
17、 Schumer和 advocate定位到本段第2、3 句。本段指出，四月，国会议员查理斯?舒默要求脸谱网更改其隐私条款，并同时督促联邦贸易委员会制定出社交网站的指导方针。由此可见，议员主张政府制定法律对社交网站进行指导。B中的 formulating regulations 是原文中 set guidelines 的同义转换，故为答案。c“禁止共享用户个人信息，文中只提到查理斯?舒默号召脸谱网更改其隐私条款，但并未说明是否禁止共享用户个人信息，可以排除。A和D在文中均未提及。第14题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A、h
18、onorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦 佩;赞 美；appreciate欣赏。第15题【单选题】Tom was seriously ill.he was absent from school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第16题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting c
19、areer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第17题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第18题【单选题】Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A、thatB、/C、whichD、it【正确答案】A【答案解析】先行词gas被only修饰
20、，关系代词要用that,而不用whicho第19题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第20题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们
21、两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第21题【单选题】
22、Don/t your health.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第22题【单选题】Clothes worn only a few times have to be put aside because of thechange of the fashion.A、衣服因为穿过几次就变得不时髦了。B、因为气候的改变，衣服几乎没穿就送人了。C、因为款式改变，衣服没怎么穿就送人了。D、因为流行款式的改变，仅穿过几次的衣服也只好搁置在一边了。【正确答案】D第23题【单选题】The devastating flo
23、ods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民
24、带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中tax of suffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B 和 D 项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和 industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第24题【单选题】The atomic
25、 clock is to within 3 seconds in a century.A、exactB、clearC、accurateD explicit【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：原子钟在一百年内可精确至三秒以内。accurate意为 准确的，精确的，指由于细心而精确地使某事符合事实和真理；exact意为 精确的；恰好的；严密的,指不多不少，确切地与事实或标准相符；clear意为“清晰的；清楚的；明白的；explicit意为 详述的；明确的。第25题【单选题】This is how a rocket works.It is not made of rubber like a balloo
26、n,ofcourse.It is made of metal.The metal must not be heavy but it must bevery strong.There is gas inside the rocket which is made very hot.Whenit rushes out of the end of the rocket,the rocket is pushed up into the air.A rocket is pushed up into the air when.A、hot gas rushes out of its headB、it is p
27、owered by gasC、hot gas rushes out of its bottomD、hot gas rushes out of its neck【正确答案】C【答案解析】请看到最后一句话When it rushes out of theend of the rocket.第26题【单选题】Shortly after the accident,tw o police were sent to the spot tokeep order.A、dozens ofB、dozensC、dozen ofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名
28、词必须是单数形式，如 dozen（一打）,score（二十）和head（头）等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词of。第27题【单选题】This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.A、in whichB、with whichC、thatD、for which【正确答案】D【答案解析】for which在定语从句中作原因状语，可用why来替代.第28题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all in
29、terested in making model planes.A、不填,twoB、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词 这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而“数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第29题【单选题】We canzt undertake that you will make a profit.A、requireB、promiseC、promoteD、doubt【正确答案】B【答案解析
30、】undertake承担，保证；promise允诺，许诺。第30题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是 几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。
31、lessimportant意 思 是“不如.重要，而 加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第31题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达；present提出；介绍；呈现。第32题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine socia
32、l stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的。根据题意,正确答案应选A。第33题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A、intenseB、tenseC、intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第34题【单选题】The opp
33、ortunity to escape the realities of everyday life is,I think,themain attraction of a bookshop.There are not many places where it ispossible to do this.A music shop is very much like a bookshop.You cango to such places as much as you wish.If it is a good shop,no assistantwill approach you with the gr
34、eeting:/zCan I help you,sir?”You needntbuy anything you don/t want.In a bookshop,an assistant should remainin the background until you have finished reading.You may want to findout where a particular section is.Then,and only then,are his servicesnecessary.But when he has led you there,the assistant
35、should leavepolitely and look as if he is not interested in selling a single book.Anassistant in a bookshop helps you.A、on your entering the shopB、just before you finish readingC、only when you want to find out where a particular section isD、when you are reading【正确答案】C【答案解析】In a bookshop,an assistant
36、 should remain in thebackground until you have finished reading.You may want tofind out where a particular section is.Then,and only then,arehis services necessary.在书店里，店员只是在你想知道具体的书籍的位置时，他才会帮你。第35题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第36题【单选题】A t
37、ruly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制，这样译太
38、费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫第37题【单选题】There is no high or sound in the house,they must have gone to thec in e m a,?A、didnt theyB、dont theyC、mustn/t theyD、haven/t they【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o反义疑问句，主句是完成时态，疑问部分也要用对应的时态，答案选D。第38题【单选题】John got beaten in the g a m e,h a d been expected.A、asB、thatC、whatD、wh
39、o【正确答案】A【答案解析】as可以引导非限制性定语从句，而that不可以。what不用于定语从句，who也不用于指事情。第39题【单选题】Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects atadvanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed _ 1_extending man/s knowledge of these subjects.The emphasis given toeach of these functions varies from
40、 university to university,according tothe views of the people in _ 2 _ and according to the resourcesavailable.The smaller and newer universities do not possess the staff orequipment to carry out the _ 3 _ research projects possible in largerinstitutions.But most experts agree that some research act
41、ivity isessential to keep the staff and their students in touch with the latestdevelopments in their subjects.1.at by to in2.A.prospectB.placeC.controlD.favor3.A、maximumB、mediumC、virtualD、vast【正确答案】D【答案解析】句中的smaller,newer,larger等词给予提示。D项vast意为 巨大的，广大的，庞大的，符合句意。A项maximum意为 最大限度，最大量，B项medium意为 中间的，中等的
42、“，C项virtual意为“实际上。都不符合句意。第40题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句意：2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达
43、3000亿。第41题【单选题】the few who have failed in their examination,all the otherstudents in the hall are in very high spirits.A、In spite thatB、But forC、Apart fromD、For the sake of【正确答案】C【答案解析】apart from 除 之外，只有该词组符合题意。第42题【单选题】This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A、thatB、whichC、from thatD、from which
44、【正确答案】D【答案解析】copied the paragraph from the magazine.第43题【单选题】You dont have to me of anything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正确答案】D【答案解析】persuade说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事。第44题【单选题】However short the work week becomes,work is still the most importantpart of life.We do not work to get leisure and the
45、pleasures leisurebrings us;rather,we use leisure wisely so that work itself can becomeawarding and enjoyable.The feeling of success at doing ones daily workwhether it is a job,maintaining a home,or going to school dependslargely on coming to it each day with fresh energy and activeinterest.How does
46、the author look at work and leisure?A、We work hard so that we can enjoy more leisure.B、We enjoy leisure so that we can come back to work with freshenergy.C、Leisure can bring us a lot of pleasures that work can not.D、The success of work has little to do with how we spend our leisuretime.【正确答案】B【答案解析】
47、从末尾句(The feeling of success at doing onesdaily work whether it is a job,maintaining a home,or goingto school depends largely on coming to it each day with freshenergy and active interest.)可以得出，B 项正确。第45题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the
48、sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第46题
49、【单选题】the beginning of the meeting,we heard a report by Mr.Li.A、ByB、InC、AtD、On【正确答案】B【答案解析】at the beginning of意为“在.之初。句意:在会议之初我们听了李先生的报告。第47题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第48题【单选题】They always complained（抱怨）more or less justly,that their par
50、entsare out of touch with modern ways.They also blamed that their parentsalways have a final say.And the young felt that their parents do not trusttheir children to deal with crises.Besides,they dissatisfied too muchmurmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of senseof humor in dea