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1、【考研英语】2021年4月上海交通大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm with thef a r m e r s,h a s a great effect on my life.A、when;whoB、that;whichC、which;thatD、when;which【正确答案】D【答案解析】years是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.第2题【单选题】We have
2、great differences today.What brings us together is that we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。great differenc
3、es在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧的意思；interests在本句中不是表示 兴趣，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第3题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的
4、辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith 与 有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第4题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasnt surpris
5、ed when this didn/t make the newshere in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or deali
6、ng with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management”and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce wo
7、rk-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incom
8、petence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项“在美国历史上没有先例；B项 现有的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业
9、团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第5题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国
10、。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指 经济大国,是近几年才出现的一种用法。第6题【单选题】Tom,a near-sighted young man,went on a blind date with a girl.The twowere satisfied with each other.And they exchanged their telephonenumbers.What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、It wa
11、s the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C、Tom was blind.D Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfiedwith each other可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅
12、力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第7题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing m
13、icroscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一4、就是converting the information into.,
14、即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第8题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d 结束，终止；终结。第9题【单选题】To new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；
15、发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第10题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制,控制。check克制,抑制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第11题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to
16、his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC、speciesD majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；em ploym ent职业；雇用。第12题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】comfort 使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第13题【单选题】The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain.Ac
17、ross thecountry,many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boostin morale.For some,the hardships of life without steady work eventuallyoverwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together.The divorcerate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.What will
18、 the current economic crisis eventually do to somemarried couples?A、It will force them to pull their efforts together.B、It will undermine their mutual understanding.C、It will irreparably damage their relationship.D、It will help strengthen their emotional bonds.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 推理判断题。文章本段最后两句提到
19、，工作的不稳定、生活的艰辛最终会使得一些美国人维系家庭的努力消失殆尽，危机过后的数十年中随着经济复苏离婚率再次上升。由此可见，目前的经济危机最终会伤害夫妻关系至无法弥补，故答案为C。A“会迫使他们齐心协力是经济萧条初期会出现的情况，可以排除；B和D在文中均未提及。第 14题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB、respectC、residenceD feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第 15题【单选题】Two little boys in particula
20、r caught our attentionA、两个小男孩特别注意我们。回B、两个特别的小男孩子尤其引起我们的注意。C、两个穿着特别的小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。团D、两个小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。【正确答案】D第 16题【单选题】You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A、/B、whyC、whenD、whose【正确答案】A【答案解析】he makes是定语从句，从句前省略了关系代词that.第 17题【单选题】Many experts a low protein,high carbon hydrate diet.ElA、promptB、advo
21、cateC、inherentD、claim【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：许多专家提倡低蛋白、高碳水化合物的饮食。advocate意为 拥护；主张；提倡；prompt意为“促使；激励；鼓舞；inherent是形容词，意为 内在的，固有的，本来就有的；claim意为 声称；认领；自称。第 18题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink
22、it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的
23、by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第19题【单选题】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus.While the one protects the individual from v
24、iolence,the other sacrificesthe individual to violence in the interests of the state.In war the stateaffirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders.Waris not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states;it is themoment when the state makes its most powerful demands u
25、pon itspeople for their commitment,allegiance,and supreme sacrifice.Times ofwar test a community/s deepest religious and ethical commitments.What can we learn from the paragraph?A、Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of war.B、In times of war governments may extend their power acros
26、snational borders.C、In times of war governments impose high religious and ethicalstandards on their people.D、Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the statein times of war.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的主旨较为明显，说的是国家司法机器的另一方面，即军事机器，开头第二句说得很明确，这一方面是为了国家的利益而牺牲个人，恰好是选项D 的意义。第20题【单选题】Many years pass
27、ed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling
28、 him his father had passedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed to comehome immediately and take care things.When he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析
29、】答案选A o 事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和 regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第21题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第22题【单选题】Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops,orto use wood as fuel or as buildi
30、ng material.A、the,theB、the,/C、/,theD、/,/【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o森林你不知道具体是哪里的，所以要泛指。而木头指的是砍下的，所以特指。第23题【单选题】This m a c h in e,fo r many years,is still working perfectly.A、after which I have lookedB、which I have looked afterC、that I have looked afterD、I have looked after【正确答案】B【答案解析】which I have looked a
31、fter构成一个非限制性定语从句.第24题【单选题】Has Mr.White arrived?Yes,a lr e a d y.h e wait outside or justcome in?A、ShallB、MayC、CouldD、Must【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词辨析。当主语为第三人称时情态动词shall表示征求对方的许可。第25题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you don/t quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My
32、 thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to comeiWe can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the
33、Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者
34、感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第26题【单选题】The meeting next week will be of great importance.A、to be heldB、heldC、holdingD、is held【正确答案】A【答案解析】谓语动词用了将来时态，所以选不定式作定语,表将来。第27题【单选题】She can be very annoying sometimes,but I think you shouldapologize for being so rude to her.A、all the sameB、once in a whileC、in actual f
35、actD、all the time【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。all the same意为 尽管如此，与本题题意相符。第28题【单选题】Lets the bird from the case.1 2A、liberateB、putC、setD、free【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：咱们把鸟从笼子里放了吧。free意为 使自由;释放”，常 与 from连 用;liberate意为 释放；put不能和from连用；set后面接from的时候还要加free,即set freefrom.第29题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard o
36、f ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Sil
37、ent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第30题【单选题】The supply of silver in the mine had,causing great concernamong the people of the town.1 2A、increasedB、extendedC、devaluedD、diminished【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：矿里白银的供应量下降，这引起城里人的极大关心。diminish意为“下降,减少；increase意为 增加，增强”;extend意为“延展；devalue意为（货币）贬值”。第31题【单选题】Maria
38、n,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildren/s book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,b
39、oys and girls had battles,chargingeach other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Ma
40、rian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第32题【单选题】Transparency is needed people are skeptical about policy-makersmaking policy against their own interests.A、soB、becauseC、thereforeD、thus【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句后半部分表示的是一个原因，即：纳税人要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做出有悖于他们利益的事。第33题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be
41、removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第34题【单选题】Will all those the proposal raise their hands?A、in relation toB、in contrast toC、in excess ofD、in favor of【正确答案】D
42、【答案解析】in relation to关于。in contrast to相反/对立。inexcess of 超出。in favor of 喜欢。第35题【单选题】The meeting next week will be of great importance.A、to be heldB、heldC、holdingD、is held【正确答案】A【答案解析】谓语动词用了将来时态，所以选不定式作定语,表将来。第36题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B
43、【答案解析】implication n.含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响。第37题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood thateverything has a name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查before的译法。
44、第38题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u/ll miss your train.A、andB ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词or。第39题【单选题】It shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by the signatory States.A、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。B、本公约须以签字国批
45、准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。D、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。【正确答案】C【答案解析】be subject to表示 受支配，从属于 的意思。第40题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼对音乐毫无欣赏一样，我对戏剧也是一窍不通。C、我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常欣赏。D、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题主要考查英语结构。有些句子虽然没有使用否定句
46、，也没有使用具有否定意味的动词、名词、形容词等，但是上下文却暗示着一种否定意味。all.is/arealike可直译为：（对某人来说）都一样,言外之意是说自己没能力加以辨别或欣赏。第41题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing p
47、aid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasn/t surprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 w
48、eeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management7 and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usua
49、lly)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C
50、、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对，business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项“在美国历史上没有先例；B项“现 有 的