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1、【考研英语】2021年12月河北农业大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是 几乎不，简直没
2、有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如.重要，而 加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第2题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allensaid,We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除.的可能性）possible non-
3、biological explanations.It is more likely that a chemicalprocess,without biology,can explain these results.What can be inferredfrom what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest tha
4、t a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 般是错误的,排除 B C D,根据 Scientific conservatism suggests that abiologica
5、l explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressed o 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的的问题观点不同，与A一致。得到答案A o第3题【单选题】Before the final examination,many students have shown oftension.Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost theirappetite.A、anxietyB、marksC、signsD、rema
6、rks【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o sign表示“某种性质、状态的迹象，现象”;mark表示能得见的“痕迹、印记；anxiety 和tension是同义词;remark意为 评论、话语”。第4题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year,one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半
7、是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第5题【单选题】When Johnson took the driving test again,he was much more carefulwhere he a mistake.A、madeB、has madeC、was makingD ha
8、d made【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o考查时态。根据句意，犯错误是句中考试之前发生，所以用过去完成时态。第6题【单选题】The acid rain is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf ofMexico.Car exhaust gases are also a problem.Local volcanic eruptionsmake the problem even worse.Nevertheless,with enough money andeffort,researchers say th
9、at many of the problems could be solved andthe rate of erosion r e d u c e d.A、The problem,however,is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings tobecome seriously damaged already.C、However,the Mexican government does not have enough moneyto do the work,and
10、needs to spend what money it has on the Mexicanpeople.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countriesin Europe.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第7题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正
11、确答案】B【答案解析】detach 分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开;隔开；分居。第8题【单选题】My little house cant compare his villa（别墅）.A、asB、fromC、withD、by【正确答案】C【答案解析】compare with：与.相比/匹敌。句意：我的小房子是无法和他的别墅相比的。答案选C第9题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析
12、】答案选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油；a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性第10题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very we
13、ak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field
14、of an object；另一4、就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第11题【单选题】They did find that appears in a dream has far greater influenceon mood than occurs in the dream.A、the person.the thingB、who.whatC、who.thatD、the person who.which【正确答案】B【答案解析】that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，w
15、ho,what分别做主语，代表人和事情。第12题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语
16、习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第13题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasn/t s
17、urprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswe/re now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or
18、 dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management”and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introd
19、uce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D The
20、 incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对，business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项 在美国历史上没有先例；B项”现 有 的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只
21、是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第14题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another
22、mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thin
23、ks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第 15题【单选题】The is
24、expected to be passed in the next parliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrument仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第 16题【单选题】If I hadn/t been caught in the heavy rain,I could have been back by 7oclock.What a pity!Stella here to see you.A、isB、wasC、would beD、has been【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查动词时态。题
25、干对话中第一句表达与过去事实相反的假设，第二句陈述的是过去的事实。第 17题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】m odify修改，修饰；更改；adjust调整,使适合。第 18题【单选题】The garden has four gates in different directions,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、none
26、B、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用any。第19题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行
27、会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥 。第20题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第21题【单选题】We are so used to our life on the surface of the e
28、arth that it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out fro
29、m the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.We find it hard to break freefrom ideas connected with living on the earth be c a us e.A、it demands too great an effort for us to do so.B、we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas.C、we have proved that those ideas are corre
30、ct.D、we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on theearth.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o本题抓住问题的关键词break freefrom,摆脱 的意思。We are so used to our life on the surfaceof the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to breakfree of all the ideas that we take for granted.这是第一句话，so.th at,如 止
31、匕 以致于。be familiar with 与 be used to 是同义替换，前者表示熟悉，后者表示习惯，所以答案就得出来 是Bo第22题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合,聚集；装 配;收 集;gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第23题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts
32、to gain data from banksA、sensibleB、senseC、sensitiveD sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的;感觉；敏感的；容易感知地。第24题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开;隔开；分居。第25题【单选题】I recognized that t
33、he sites such as Associated Content can provide afertile ground for learning how to become a better writer.I could seethat this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writingskills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort ofmy own home.In the eyes of the au
34、thor,the site Associated ContentA、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o根据本段的.can provide a fertileground for learning how to become a better writer 确定 B 答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A与D选项
35、所表达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C选项中regularly一词并未在文中得到体现。第26题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油；a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性第27题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only t
36、hen theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD、did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第28题【单选题】Excessive weight gain doesn/t do you any good.A、过分的B、扩大的C、进化的D、非常【正确答案】A【答案解析】excessive adj.过多的，极度的；过分的。第29题【单选题】I enter
37、ed the hotel manager/s office and sat down.I had just lost 50and I felt very upset,I left the money in my room/I said,and its notthere now.The manager was sympathetic,but he could do nothing.Everyone/s losing money these days,he said.He started to complainabout this wicked world but was interrupted
38、by a knock at the door.Agirl came in and put an envelope on his desk.It contained 50.I foundthis outside this gentleman/s room.she said.Well,I said to themanager,there is still some honesty in this world!What did the writerbelieve had happened to his money?A、He had left his money in the manager/s of
39、fice.B、Someone had stolen his money.C、The manager had the money.D、The girl had stolen the money.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。作者说：I left the money in my room,and its not there now”,这句话的含义就是He believed thatsomeone had stolen his moneys0 因此，选项 B 是正确答案。第30题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u/ll miss your train.A、andB、ifC、ot
40、herwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词or。第31题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不
41、可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第32题【单选题】Will you go home tomorrow evening?No,I am going to a lecture,orat least I am p la n n in g.A、soB、toC、itD、that【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查省略。用不定式符号to代替个不定式togoto a lectureo第33题【单选题】Toda
42、y the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are notreligious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,newsanchors,text messengers,all smiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazinesfeature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.Andsince these messages have an agendato lur
43、e us to open ourwalletsthey make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex,beforewe found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.In the authorsopinion,a d v e r t is in g.A、emerges in the wake of the anti团happy artB、is a cause o
44、f disappointment for the general publicC、replaces the church as a major source of informationD、creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o观点态度题。本段第4句指出，商业 文 化（其代表就是广告）传达快乐信息的目的是诱使我们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信了。接着指出，我们忘记了，幸福不仅仅是没有痛苦的享乐，那些带来最大快乐的东西同时也最有可能带来巨大的损失和失望。由此可知
45、，广告带给我们的快乐是一种不真实的感受。因此D正确。第34题【单选题】He was very busy yesterday;otherwise,he to the meeting.A、would comeB、cameC、would have comeD、will come【正确答案】c【答案解析】otherwise经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。第35题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protecti
46、ons and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bumme
47、r”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)0 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bumme
48、rtoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除 第1句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一 个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第36题【单选题】leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A、AnyoneB、The personC、WhoeverD、Who【正确答案】C【答案解析】whoever的意思为“任何人，无论谁，相当于the person who 或 anyone who。第37题【单选题】There is
49、a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油;a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性。第38题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chas
50、e追逐；追捕。第39题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第40题【单选题】Between the two roads a TV tower called“Skyscraper Tower.A、standsB、standingC、which standsD、stand【正确答案】A【答案解析】a TV tower是这句话的主语，这是个倒装句，所以谓语动词要用单数形