《专题11名词&代词&冠词&介词-2024年高中英语语法精讲精练含答案.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题11名词&代词&冠词&介词-2024年高中英语语法精讲精练含答案.pdf（48页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、专题专题 11 名词名词&代词代词&冠词冠词&介词介词-2024 年高中英语语法精讲精练年高中英语语法精讲精练高中名词、代词、冠词和介词的主要考察题型高中名词、代词、冠词和介词的主要考察题型考察题型考察题型考察方式考察方式语法填空给提示的空格会考察 3-4 题，涉及到名词单复数变形或者所有格、代词形式变化、冠词 a/an/the 选择和介词选择。比如说语法填空中“Currently,it is about 212 million km away 63Earth,according to the administration.”这道题考察的是介词 from;“It entered 64(it)p
2、reset parking orbit above Mars on Feb 24 and would fly in this orbit for about three months before releasing its landing capsule,said the administration.”这道题考察的是代词 its;“Pan Shixue,a silversmith(银匠)in Maliao village in Guizhou Province,used to dream of people living 56 abundant life in his village.”这
3、道题考察的是冠词 an;“they learned 64(fashion)trends and how to meet clients various 65(request).”这道题考察的是名词复数 requests。完形填空中会考察到名词辨析、代词辨析和介词辨析，其中介词容易考察到固定搭配。比如说完形填空中“Her _22_ came because she was carrying a _23_ across the finish line.As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the wa
4、y through her _24_ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.”这 3 道小题都是考察名词词义辨析。再比如说完形填空中“But as she reached for the third child,the ice gave way _47_ her and Dusti,too,found herself in the 15-foot-deep pond.”这道小题考察的是介词词义辨析。再比如说完形填空中“He didnt read_42_but the Digest and the Illustrated Weekl
5、y of India,because he said they were the only stylish magazines.”这道小题考察的是代词词义辨析。高中名词、代词、冠词和介词的主要考察点高中名词、代词、冠词和介词的主要考察点 名词在语法填空中的考察点 代词在语法填空中的考察点 冠词在语法填空中的考察点 介词在语法填空中的考察点【典型真题】【典型真题】【2023 年新高考全国年新高考全国卷英语真题】卷英语真题】There you will find them prepared differently-more dumpling and less soup,and the wrappe
6、rs are pressed _40_ hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside,the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them _41_(lift)out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of _42_(they)contents.The meat should be fresh with _43_ touch of sweetness and the soup hot,clear and de
7、licious.【答案】【答案】40.by 42.their 43.a 【40 题详解】题详解】考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填是固定搭配，根据句意，故填 by。【42 题详解】题详解】考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以
8、让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词 contents(东西东西)需用形容词性物主代词需用形容词性物主代词 their。故填。故填 their。【43 题详解】题详解】考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of“一点点；稍许一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填常用作单数。故填 a。【2022 年年 6 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷)英语试题】英
9、语试题】John Olson,a former _38_(photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to _39_ blind because we dont see with just Our eyes:We see with our brains.Luc Gandarias,whos now thirteen,went blind suddenly _42_ age seven.For Lu
10、c,this means _44_(independent).38.photographer 【解析】考查名词。句意：约翰【解析】考查名词。句意：约翰奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理 3D 模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填，此处为单数概念，故填 photographer。39.the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。【解析】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅
11、用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填形容词表示一类人。故填 the。42.at 【解析】考查介词。句意：【解析】考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias 今年今年 13 岁，岁，7 岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词 at。故填。故填 at。44.Independence【解析】考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词【解析】考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词 independence 作作 mean 的宾语。的宾语。故填故填independence。【2022 年新高考
12、全国年新高考全国 I 卷英语真题】卷英语真题】_36_(cover)an area about three times _37_ size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate _42_(population)and homes of giant pandas.Giant pandas also serve _44_ an
13、 umbrella species(物种),bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.【答案】【答案】37.the 42.populations 44.as 【37 题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+the size of+比较成份。故填比较成份。故
14、填 the。【42 题详解】考查名词。句意：题详解】考查名词。句意：GPNP 的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和 and 后的复数名词后的复数名词 homes 并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词 population(种群种群)的复数的形式。故填的复数的形式。故填 populations。【44 题详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：题详解】考查介词。句意：大
15、熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as(充当充当)。故填。故填 as。【2022 年新高考全国年新高考全国卷英语真题】卷英语真题】_37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.He saved my _44_(son)life,said Mrs.Brown.【答案】【答案】37.The 44.sons 【37 题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓
16、楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与 Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为姓氏，意为“某某一家人某某一家人”，the 符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填 The。【44 题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life 与提示词与提示词 son 之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填 sons。【2022 年全国甲卷英语高考真题】年全国甲卷英语高考真题
17、】_44_ friend of his,Wu Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,in order to promote environmental _45_(protect).Now,Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He flew 4,700 kilometers _49_ Xian to Kas
18、hgar on seat.20.【答案】【答案】44.A 45.protection 49.from 【44 题详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指题详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，应用不定冠词，friend 以辅音音素开头，应用以辅音音素开头，应用 a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填 A。【45 题详解】考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词题详解】考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路
19、收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental 可知，此处应用名词可知，此处应用名词 protection，作宾语，作宾语，protection 表示表示“保护保护”时，是不可数名词。故填时，是不可数名词。故填protection。【49 题详解】考查介词。句意：题详解】考查介词。句意：9 月月 20 日，他从日，他从 4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和 Xian to Kashgar 可知，此处表示可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词，应用介词
20、from，固定搭配，固定搭配fromto表示表示“从从到到”。故填。故填 from。【2022 年全国乙卷英语高考真题】年全国乙卷英语高考真题】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day,which was named officially _41_ the United Nations on November 27th,2019.China has a _45_(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of th
21、e tea industry.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony,opening _50_(it)first exhibition:The Avenue of TruthA Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.【答案】【答案】41.by 45.responsibility 50.its【41 题详解】考查介词。句意：题详解】考查介词。句意：2019 年年 11 月月 27 日，联合国正式将日，联合国正式将 5 月月 21 日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，
22、此处表达日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在被联合国在 5 月月 21 日命名日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词过去分词+by”。故填。故填 by。【45 题详解】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词题详解】考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填后接可数名词的单数形式。故填 responsibility。【50 题详解】考查代词
23、。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真题详解】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真普洱茶专题展。名词普洱茶专题展。名词 exhibition 前用形容词性物主代词。故填前用形容词性物主代词。故填 its。下面具体讲解以上表格中的下面具体讲解以上表格中的 4 种考察点：种考察点：一、名词在语法填空中的考察点一、名词在语法填空中的考察点-主要考点如下：主要考点如下：名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配名词的数（可数与不可数、单数与复数）名词的数（可数与不可数、单数与复数）名词的所有格名词的所有格抽象名词的
24、具体化抽象名词的具体化名词和冠词的搭配名词和冠词的搭配名词习题名词习题1.Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese(5)_(painting).【答案】【答案】paintings 2.The nursery team switches him every few(9)_(day)with his sis
25、ter.【答案】【答案】days 3.This trend has had some unintended side(2)_(effect)such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【答案】【答案】effects 4.Recent(6)_(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks(7)_(regular).【答案】【答案】studies；reg
26、ularly 二、代词在语法填空中的考察点二、代词在语法填空中的考察点-代词的种类繁多，包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等，其中近年来对代词 it 在句中指代事物,作形式主语或形式宾语的用法较常见。如果句子缺少主语或宾语，那一定是填名词或代词，名词一般都是词性变换，所以没给出提示词的，一般都是填代词。代词习题代词习题1However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using every day.2Id ap
27、preciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.3In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ，knives and forks.4Are you going to get your own car after the test?My parents have said theyll get for me.5However,his fame was not accompanied by money and he found nece
28、ssary to return to farming.6For one thing,it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For ,it is a useful way to release their pressure.7Both teams were in hard training;was willing to lose the game.8How many students are there in the classroom now?.I have locked it.9.If you are time poo
29、r,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefit as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.10.On my recent visit,I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by (it)mother.11.But I didnt care.A few hours before,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with (it)choking smog.
30、12.However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using every day.13.A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear“It is （I）”【答案】【答案】1.it 2.it 3.others 4.one 5.it 6.another 7.neither 8.None 9.it;10.its;11.its;12.it;13.mine三、冠词在语法填空中的考察点三、冠词在语法填空中的考察
31、点-（一）不定冠词 a，an 的用法1表示泛指，泛指任何的、不限定的或首次提到的人或事物Long long a ago,there was _a_little girl who lived with seven little man.2表示“每一”，相当于 every,oneWe study eight hours_a_ day.a 和 an 的区别：a 用于辅音开头的单词前，an 用于元音开头的单词前。（二）定冠词 the 的用法：(1）特指上文已提到过的人或事物There is a pen here._pen is mine.(2)用于带后置定语的名词前，表示特定的人或事物The wate
32、r in _ bottle is clean.1表特指(3)特指说话双方都知道或能体会到的人或事物Please turn on _ radio.(1)用于形容词前表示一类人_ rich and _ poor should be treated equal.(2)用于分词前表示一类人The doctor is taking care of _injured and _ dying.the dying 垂危的人2表类指(3)与单数可数名词连用表类别_ horse is a useful animal.3表独指用于世上独一无二的事物名词前_ earth turns around _ sun.(1)用
33、于乐器名称前He began to play_violin at the age of six.(2)表示“一家人”或“夫妇”_Greens 格林一家/格林夫妇(3)用于序数词、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级前Of the two coats,I prefer _ cheaper one.(4)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前_ United States_ Peoples Republic of China(5)用于江河、海洋、山脉等名词前_Himalaya Mountains,_Yellow River,_Taiwan Island(6)用于方位名词前in_ east/west/north/s
34、outh4惯用法(7)用于世纪的某个年代in _ 1990s/1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代冠词习题冠词习题1As result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.2The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,other is with mum she never suspects.3Mr.Johnson lived in th
35、e woods with his wife and children.He owned farm,which looked almost abandoned.4It is great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings.5Making a lecture in public is the last thing I want to do.Just have try.I am sure you can make it.6Today the Internet is playing important and e
36、ssential role in our life.7After short silence,the man told the doctor that he seized all the money that his father gave to his brother,who was abroad.8He tapped her on shoulder,“Hi!I have been looking for you for such a long time！”9We encourage people to take buses and the metro instead of driving.
37、Cycling is also good way to reduce pollution.10First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you can never get second chance to make first impressions.11.He talked to us in _unusual way.12.I sat next to the man and introduce myself.We had _ amazing conversation.13.One morning he was walking along
38、 the street when a stranger stopped him.”Well,”answered _ stranger,“are you still willing to take a chance?”14.John,there is _ Mr.Wilson on the phone for you.15.A young man,while traveling through a desert,came across a spring of clear water._ water was sweet.【答案】【答案】1.a 2.the 3.a 4.a 5.a 6.an 7.a 8
39、.the 9.a 10.a 11.an 12.an 13.the 14.a 15.The三、介词在语法填空中的考察点三、介词在语法填空中的考察点-before 时空在之前，after 之后 off 远。直上 over，above 斜，under，below 下相反。直到 till，on 表面，穿过 through，for 因缘。by 表旁边 in 里面，with 伴随 by 车船。时间地点 at、in、on，二者 between 多 among，behind 后面 beside 旁，附近 near 沿着 along。from 来自 like 像，表示目的 for，to 当。of 所属周围 ro
40、und，向上 up 向下 down。介词习题介词习题1But my connection with pandas goes back my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s.2Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.3Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat their hands.4he m
41、other continued to care for the young panda more than two years.5For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.6.While running regularly cant make your live forever,the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking,cycling or
42、 swimming.7.This trend,which was started by the medical community（医学界）a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.8.For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away car and offe
43、rs all the scenery of the better-known city.9.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.10.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat their hands.11.After scho
44、ol she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.【答案】【答案】1.to 2.on 3.with 4.for 5.by 6.than;7.as;8.by;9.from;10.with;11.in【补充习题】【补充习题】一、阅读理解一、阅读理解AGetting into college is a big step for high school graduates,and it comes with a
45、 lot of changes.For most students,its the first time theyre living away from home and managing their own life.Not surprisingly,adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging.The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.Goal settingWhen setting goals,whe
46、ther theyre academic,career,or personal,re-member they should be attainable but not too easy,so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them,and feel rewarded when you do.Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge,long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it fee
47、l more real,and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.Interpersonal skillsAt college,you will interact with fellow students,professors,librarians,and many others.Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time,and get more out of them.If
48、 you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work,practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely,develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone elses shoes,and enhance your self-confidence.StudyingWith fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning,youre required to
49、really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts.To be successful in college youll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading,do research,and write papers.Organization is the key,so if you are not someone who is naturally organized,set up yo
50、ur study schedule.BudgetingManaging money is a critical life skill,and for many,it is at college that they develop it for the first time.Start by estimating your financial balance.Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover th