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1、衡水英语 2022 届英语一本通高分手册目录目录1专题 01 语法填空3专题 02 完形填空44专题 03 阅读理解 I86专题 04 阅读理解 II140专题 05 阅读理解 III202专题 06 阅读理解 IV303专题 07 阅读理解 V324专题 08 阅读填空337专题 09 短文改错357专题 10 书面表达（I、II、III 卷模式）372专题 11 新高考应用文写作398专题 12 读后续写420专题 13 概要写作4379 / 450专题 1语法填空考点 1 冠词、代词、介词等小品词【构建知识体系】【命题解读】新课标要求命题评价解读普通高中英语课程标准(实验)明确指出：高中
2、学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容(教育部)。考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【剖析全国高考真题】考点一冠词、代词、介词等小品词（1） 冠词1. 【全国 II】The plum trees are 70. first to flower even as the snow is melting( 融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life
3、.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。序数词前用定冠词修饰。故填定冠词 the。句意：即使雪正在融化，李树还是最先开花的。2. 【 海 南 】 The Digital World is a set of volumes to aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores wide range
4、 of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了 他们对日常生活的影响。a range of 一套；一系列。wide 是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不定冠词 a。故填 a。3. 【新课标 I】Of nineteen recognized polar bear su
5、bpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one isincreasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的 19 个北极熊亚种群中”，故填 the。句意：在已知的 19 个北极熊亚种群中，3 个数量在下降，6 个稳定，1 个在增加，其他 9 个没有充足数据。4. 【浙江】Everybody wears same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。same 是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与 the 连用修饰名词。故填 th
6、e。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。5【. 全国】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only7 percent.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。故特指在过去的 25 年里。故填 the。句意：玉米产量在过去 25 年里增长了近 125%，而大米只增长了 7%。6.【全国】Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her l
7、ungs.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语 at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填 the。句意：意想不到的的是，我面对面地和大猩猩在一起，他们开始以最大的肺活量喊叫。（2） 代词1. 【山东】As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.【答案】themselves【
8、解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代 visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填 themselves。2. 【新课标 I】Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】its【解
9、析】考查代词。此处指“它未来的月球基地计划是否可行”,plans 是名词,此处应该使用形容词性物主代词 its起限定作用。3. 【海南】Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of （we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.【答案】our【解析】考查代词。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。修饰名词Further Resources section，前用形容词性物主代词。故填
10、 our。4. 【北京】I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】myself【解析】考查反身代词，此处用作宾语，表示对自己低声说，所以用“myself”。5. 【天津】3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those/the ones【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与
11、 the students 是对应关系，可以用 the ones 或者 those 替代。故填 those/the ones。6. 【全国 I】If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give a try.【答案】it 或 running【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处 give it a try 意为：试试。此处 it 可以指 running。故填 it 或 ru
12、nning。7 【全国 III】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive.【答案】them【解析】考查代词。此处做 find 的宾语，所以用宾格 them。8. 【浙江】Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize howcheap can be to eat out.【答案】it【解析】考查 it 用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序
13、应该是 it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式 to eat out 是真正主语，用 it 是形式主语。故填 it。（3） 介词1.【新课标 II】Oranges: Orange trees are more decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.【答案】than【解析】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than 不仅仅，不只是。故填 than。2.【新课标 II】Bamboo plants are associated health, abundance and a happy
14、 home.【答案】with【解析】考查介词。associatewith 意为“把与联系起来”,是固定搭配。故填 with。3. 【新课标 III】The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在 世界上”短语为 on earth。故填 on。4. 【山东】Museums must compete peoples spare time and money with other a
15、musements.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for， 意为“为了竞争”。故填 for。5【. 浙江】Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ，throughagriculture.【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意：公元前 10000 年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived ”应是之前名词 the wor
16、ld 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填 in。6. 【新课标 I】Modem methods tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform(perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处 tracking polar b
17、ear populations 作 Modern methods 的定语，用 of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用 for。故填 of/for。7. 【新课标 III】We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs，seven to be exact.【答案】of【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填 of。8. 【浙江 8】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The
18、answer this question is not clear.【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .这是固定搭配，“的答案是”。故填 to。9. 【北京】First celebrated 5 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区).【答案】 in【解析】 in考查介词的用法，年份前面应该加介词 in。10. 【全国 III】 I was searching these three western lowland gori
19、llas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.【答案】for【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search for 是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。11. 【浙江】 If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home dinner, get a few cooking
20、tips from her.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示目的用介词 for，故填 for。【精讲研法】考点一冠词、代词、介词等小品词（1） 冠词【做题实践中找规律】【例 1】My aunt Carmeleta was wife of my mothers youngest brother Fred. Even though my uncle Fred died many years ago and Aunt Carmeleta is now married to Ken, I still consider her my aunt.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意
21、：我的舅妈 Carmeleta 是我妈妈最小的弟弟 Fred 的妻子。wife 此处特指“我妈妈最小的弟弟 Fred 的妻子”，前面应用定冠词。故填 the。【例 2】In fact, they have become particular threat: A study published in Pediatrics found that they are responsible for 11 percent of pool drownings among children under 5.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：事实上，它们已经成为一种特别的威胁:发表在儿科学(Pediatric
22、s)上的一项研究 发现，在五岁以下儿童的泳池溺水事故中，有 11%是由它们造成的。此处名词 threat（威胁）表示泛指，应使用不定冠词修饰，空后单词 particular 为辅音音素开头，故填 a。【例 3】Unlike our own breathing，which does not require any effort，marine mammals must consciously go to the surface of the water to breathe through a blowhole on top of their heads. Because of this，they
23、 dont sleep for solid 8 hours a night like we do.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：他们不会像我们一样每晚睡一个固定的 8 个小时。可知，此处泛指睡 8 个小时的固定习惯，solid 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填 a。下列情况很可能填不定冠词：(1) +可数名词(单数)；(2) +形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填定冠词：(1) (+定语)+名词+ of 等介词短语(表示特指)；(2) (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3) (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。【变式精讲】【例 1 】Instead, it pl
24、ays important role when terrible disasters occur and ground-based communications are blocked.【答案】an【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：相反，当发生严重灾难以及地面通讯中断时，它发挥着重要的作用。固定短语“play an important role”意为“在中扮演重要角色/在上发挥重要作用”。故填 an。【例 2】In fact, it is believed that our athletic skills and language learning skills are located in sam
25、e area of the brain and indeed this is how children learn.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：事实上，据认为我们的运动技能和语言学习技能都处于大脑的同一个区域。the same是固定搭配，“同样的.”。故填 the。（2） 代词【做题实践中找规律】【例 1】The concept of the crossbow（弩） developed from animal traps. is difficult to establish the date of the first development of the crossbow as a
26、weapon.【答案】It【解析】考查 it 作形式主语。句意：很难确定首先把弩发展成武器的日期。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处是固定句型：It is + adj. + to do sth.“做某事是”，其中 it 是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填 It。【例 2】I learned not everyone is going to like you and thats OK. Just be (you).【答案】yourself【解析】考查代词。句意：做你自己。此处用所给词的反身代词形式作 be 的表语，表示“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故填 yourself。【例 3】Bein
27、g healthy people, we are so lucky that we should value what we own and try (we) best to live a meaningful life. Dont you think so?【答案】our【解析】考查代词。句意：作为一个健康的人，我们是如此的幸运，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的，并尽最大努力过上有意义的生活。“try ones best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事”是固定短语。故填 our。规律方法 2： 如何判断空格处应填代词？（1） 无提示词。（2） 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名
28、词性物主代词的区别。（3） 指示代词（it 和 this）,不定代词，it 用作引导词,反身代词等。【变式精讲】【例 1】You give (you) no choice but to learn it and every reason to learn it well!【答案】yourself【解析】考查代词。句意：你除了学它，并且学好它，别无选择。空处作 give 的宾语，根据句意可知此处表示“你自己”。故填 yourself。【例 2】Scientists often compare coral reefs to underwater rainforests, yet unlike th
29、e leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft organs inside the hard parts of corals are naturally transparent and get (they) famously brilliant color from algae(藻类）living inside them.【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意：珊瑚中硬体部分中的软器官是天然透明的并且从生活在他们体内的藻类中得到著名 的绚烂颜色。根据句子结构可知，此处修饰名词 color，故使用形容词性物主代词形式。故
30、填 their。3、介词【例 1】When my husband Bill met Aunt Carmeleta the first time, he questioned, “How could anyone be so nice and so real?”【答案】for衡水英语 2022 届英语一本通高分手册【解析】考查介词。句意：当我丈夫比尔第一次见到 Carmeleta 阿姨时，他问：“怎么会有人这么善良，这么真实呢？”结合句意表示“第一次”可知短语为 for the first time。故填 for。【例 2】It is the earliest traditional etiqu
31、ette of the Han nationality in China to offer tea guests.【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：用茶水招待客人是中国汉族最早的传统美德和礼仪。offer sth. to sb.意为“给某人提供某物”，为固定搭配。故填 to。【例 3】 Learning a foreign language can be fun, and the friendly atmosphere of a language class will also provide you the opportunity to meet new people with commo
32、n interests.【答案】with【解析】考查介词/固定搭配。句意：语言课的友好氛围也会让你有机会结识志同道合的新朋友。短语 provide sb with sth 表示“给某人提供某物”，故填 with。规律方法 3：如何判断空格处应填介词？（1） 无提示词：注意搭配问题。（2） 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等。（3） 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语。【变式精讲】【例 1】Corals are still alive when they bleach(白化），but theyre risk-essentially immunocompromised(免疫功能低下）and man
33、y eventually starve and die, turning a dark brown.【答案】at【解析】考查介词。句意：珊瑚白化时还活着，但他们处于危险中主要是免疫功能不全许多最终饿死 和死掉，变成深棕色。固定搭配 at risk，意为处于危险中。故填 at 。【例 2】He made a poster to show his cause and couldnt wait to get started on his walk the next day when he arrived home kindergarten.【答案】from【解析】考查介词。句意：他制作了一张海报来表
34、达自己的诉求，第二天从幼儿园回到家时，他就迫不及待地 开始步行。根据句意，“从某地回来”用介词 from。故填 from。考点 2 连接词【构建知识体系】99 / 450【命题解读】新课标要求命题评价解读普通高中英语课程标准(实验)明确指出：高中学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容(教育部)。考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【剖析全国高考真题】考点二连接词（1） 并列连词1. 【山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国卷)】The
35、y kept their collection at home until it got too big until they died, and then it was given to a museum.【答案】or【解析】考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给 一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词 or:或者。故填 or。2. 【海南省高考英语试卷（新高考全国 II 卷)】Each volume in the set explores a wide range of material, explains the
36、basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, discusses the influences they have on everyday life.【答案】and【解析】考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。前后句为并列关系，所以用连词 and。故填 and。（2） 状语从句的连接词【全国 III 卷】Filled with curiosity, the artist packed his bags and left. he asked the vill
37、agers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.【答案】When/As【解析】考查状语从句。此处是时间状语从句,意为“当时候”,可用 when 或 as。位于句首时首字母需要大写。（3） 名词性从句的连接词1. 【新课标 I 卷】While they are rare north of 88,there is evidencethey range all the way across the Arctic,
38、 andas far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为 there be 句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句， 解释说明中心词 evidence的内容，故填 that。2. 【北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more thanthey go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学， 表示地点，作状语。故用 where。3. 【浙江】Over thous
39、ands of years，they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填 what。（4） 定语从句的关系词1【. 新高考 I 卷山东卷】Th
40、e 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of theBritish Museum opened in 1759.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。此处是 which/that 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 the British Museum,并在定语从句中充当主语。2. 【新高考 II 卷海南卷】The Digital World is a set of volumes aim to describe how digital systems in
41、fluence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：数字世界是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数字系统的 本质及其众多交互部分的丛书。句中先行词为 volumes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 which 或 that 引导。故填 that/which。3. 【新课标卷】In ancient China lived an artist paintings we
42、re almost lifelike.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 artist， 且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词 whose。故填 whose。4. 【新课标 I 卷】Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot it could send signals to the s
43、pacecraft and to Earth.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知,此处是一个限制性定语从句,先行词是 spot,且引导词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词 where。5【. 新课标 II 卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， she openedwith her late husband Les.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为 the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作 open
44、ed一词的宾语，故用 which。6. 【新课标 III 卷】They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为 masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。7. 【浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark.【
45、答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是 cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用 that或 which 引导。故填 that/which。8. 【北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。 are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词 t
46、hose，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who 或 that。9. 【全国 I】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.【答案】that which【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处 a study 是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填 that 或 which。10. 【全国II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing pr