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1、2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十二）一：词汇梳理1.contrary/kontrori/a.相反的 n.相反2.visionary/vonori/a.有远见的空想的3.cavity/kaeviti/n.洞齿禹洞4.leap/li:p/v.跳 n.跳跃5.analyze/1enalaiz/vt.分解分析6.output/autput/n.产量输出7.stoop/stu:p/vi.弯腰 n.弯腰8.restore/nsto:/vt.恢复归还修复9.血ervene/jn匕vi:n/vi.干预介入10.permanent/po:monont/a.永久的11.account/okaunt
2、/n.账目叙述vi.说明（在数量、比例方面）占12.accountable/o kauntabol/a.负有责任的13.contempt/kontempt/n.藐视14.exemplify/igzemphfai/vt,是的范例举例说明15.submit/sabmit/vt.呈送主张vi.（to）服从16.revenge/nvendj/n.报复 vt.替报仇17.allergic a.过敏（性）的18.budget/bAdit/n.预算v.作预算a.低廉的19.arouse/orauz/vt.引起唤醒20.potential/patenpl/a.潜在的n.潜在性潜力21.limited/limi
3、tid/a.有限的22.limitation/.limi teifan/n.限制，局限性23.dash/daeJ7 v./n.猛冲猛击n.破折号24.induce/mdju:s/vt.引起引诱（用药物）为（产妇）引产25.facet/fesit/n.（多面体的）面（问题等的）一个方面26.oust/aust/vt.驱逐27.symphony/simfoni/n.交响乐（色彩等的）和谐28.alter/o:lt0/vt.改变修改29.alternate/o：rto:nit/vi.交替a.交替的间隔的30.alternative/o：rto:n0tiv/n.可供选择的事物取舍a.两者挑一的二：短语
4、梳理1.in p ractice在实践中,实际上2.in proportion to 与 成比例3.in p u b lic公开地，当众4.in quantity 大量5.in question 正在谈论的6.in regard to 关于，至于7.in relation to 关于，涉及8.in re tu rn作为报答/回报/交换9.in return f o r作为对的报答10.in s h o r t简言之，总之11.in s ig h t被见到;在望12.in spite of 尽管13.in step 齐步，合拍14.in step with 与一致/协调15.in te a rs
5、流 着 泪，在哭着三：阅读训练（一）Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows?You are notalone.Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious fbods.Manypeople,ho we ver,are worried about the weight that comes along with the deliciousfoods.With proper planning,though,it is possible to control
6、 your weight.The idea is toenjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don t have to turn away from thefoods that you enjoy.The following suggestions may be of some help to you.Do not miss meals.Before you leave home for a feast,have a small,low-fatsnack.This may help to keep you from getting too
7、 excited before delicious foods.Begin with clear soup,fruit or vegetables.A large glass of water before you eatmay help you feel full.Use a small plate;a large plate will encourage you to have morethan enough.Better not have high-fat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat inthem.Choose
8、lean meat.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.If you have a sweet tooth,try mints and fruit.They don t have fat content ascream and chocolate.Don t let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20-minute walk after ameal can help burn off excess calories.1.Holidays are happy days with
9、pleasure but they may LA.bring weight problemsB.bring you much trouble in your lifeC.make you worry about your foodsD.make you hate delicious foods2.In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight,you d betterA.drink much water and have vegetables onlyB.not eat much food in high fat
10、C.not accept invitations to feastsD.tum away from delicious foods3.According to the p a s s a g e,i s a necessary part to stop you from putting onweight.A.clear soup B.waterC.calories of energy D.physical exercise4.Many people can t help putting on weight after the holidays because theyA.can t contr
11、ol themselvesB.go to too many feastsC.enjoy delicious foodsD.can t help turning away from the foods参考答案：1答案:A细节理解题。文章第一句话就指出，“你是否热爱假期而又憎恶随之而来的体重增加的问题呢？第二段第二句话又提到,“然而，很多人都担心美食带来的体重问题。”故 选A项。2.答案:B细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“最好不要吃高脂肪的食物”可知,B项符合文章意思。3答案:D细节理解题。文章最后一段第一句“在整个假期中,你都不能停止锻炼”可知，要防止增肥，体育锻炼是必要的。4.答案:A推理判断题
12、。文章第四段最后一句话，“这可能对于避免你见到美食太过兴奋有所帮助。”可见，大多数人在假期里发胖，是因为自己抵制不住美食的诱惑。B项“去参加太多的宴会”，文章中没有提到;C项“享受美食”并不一定就 导 致“人们发胖”，关键是人们自己的做法;D项“禁不住要拒绝美食”与题意相反。（二）The freezing Northeast hasn,t been a terribly fun place to spend time thiswinter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags werepacked b
13、efore you could say“sunshine”.1 left for the land of warmth and vitaminC（维生素 C）,thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blueskies and warm air,!sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,winetasting,and pink sunsets（at normal evening hours,not 4 in the afternoon）fille
14、d theweekend,but the best part一particularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weatherroot vegetables一was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that provedto be more than worth the early wake-up call.The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Saturday from 7a.m.to 1 p.
15、m.,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect redstrawberries;the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck;and most of all,thetomatoes:amazing,large,soft and round red tomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,1?verefused to buy winter tomatoe
16、s for years.No matter how attractive they look in thestore,once I get them home they re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homedin,with uncertainty,on one particular table at the Brown s Grove Farm s stand,full offresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal一and at thatm
17、oment,!realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eatingthings that back home in New York I wouldn t be experiencing again for months.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when Ilearned that Brown s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,
18、a newlyopened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,whereluckily for meI was planningto have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,!knew I d be orderingevery tomato on it.l.What did the author think of her winter life in New York?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.答案:B 推理判断题。根
19、据第一段第一句内容可以推断出，对于作者来说，纽约的冬天是无聊的、乏味的，所以作者在周末迫不及待地来到佛罗里达的萨拉索塔。2.What made the author?s getting up early worthwhile?A.Having a swim.B.Breathing in fresh air.C.Walking in the morning sun.D.Visiting a local farmers market.答案:D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句内容可知，参观萨拉索塔农民的菜市场使作者大开眼界，并觉得早起是值得的。3.What can we learn about tom
20、atoes sold in New York in winter?A.They are soft.B.They look nice.C.They taste great.D.They are juicy.答案:B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句内容可以推断出，纽约冬天卖的西红柿外表很好看，但是又干又硬，没有味道。4.What was the author going to do that evening?A.Go to a farm.B.Check into a hotel.C.Eat in a restaurant.D.Buy fresh vegetables.答案:C细节理解题。根据最后一段内
21、容可知，晚上，作者打算去饭店吃饭，而那家饭店的食品供应者之一就是作者参观的菜市场。（三）Boys and girls,I think most of you like travelling.But usually,people feel excitedbefore a tour,but during it,they may feel they are not well prepared for it.After it theyfeel it is not worth the tour.Then how can you make your tour more interesting andmea
22、ningful?Here is some advice.Firstly一Look!Certainly we should look at the scenery very carefully.Also,beforewe leave our house,we should find some books about the place of interest.We shouldfirst know something about the place,such as its geography,its history and its famouspeople,etc.When we are rea
23、dy for the tour,we can really understand the place duringour tour even if we don t have much time.Secondly一Take photos!When we visit a place of interest,most of us take acamera.If you want to take some photos,remember to choose the most specialsights.Don t choose the sight that we can see in other p
24、laces.Forexample,Beidaihe,Qingdao and Zhuhai are coastal（沿海）cities.Don,t only takephotos of the sea.You should take something else,too.Thirdly一Taste!Some people like to buy some food that they like most duringtheir tours.In my opinion,don t buy the food that you like most because you can buyit in yo
25、ur own city or town.You had better taste something special in the place ofinterest.Snacks in some places are very delicious.And from a place s snacks,you canfind its food culture.So why not taste them?Maybe you have just one chance to taste itin your life.Fourthly Write!When you visit a place,you sh
26、ould take a pen and anotebook,so you can write something down.lt s possible that you can write a goodarticle.Later,when you read it,you will feel that you can find the pleasure during thetour.Have a good time!1 .Travellers feel they can,t enjoy their tours fully because.A.they feel too excited befor
27、e the tourB.they are not well prepared for the tourC.they don t like travelling in factD.there are better places to travel答案:B 细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，人们在旅游时，发现自己为此做的准备还远远不够，因此就不能够充分享受旅行的乐趣。2.According to the passage,which of the statements is not proper during a tour?A.We should learn something about the p
28、lace before travelling.B.We had better take photos where there are special sights.C.Write something during the tour and you can enjoy the tour more.D.Don t taste food in the place of interest in order to keep healthy.答案:D 细节理解题。由第四段可知，作者建议游客品尝旅游地的小吃等，因此D 项的叙述是不恰当的。3.The title of the passage is proba
29、bly.A.Travel with MeB.How to Make Your Tour More Interesting and MeaningfulC.How to Travel without Proper ThingsD.It Is Worth Travelling to Strange Places答案:B 主旨大意题。本文主要是作者给旅游者的几条建议，即如何使人们的旅游有趣而有意义。（四）Different weather makes people feel different.lt influences health,intelligence（智力）and feelings.In
30、August,it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.Peoplethere have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month.In theNortheast and the Middle West,it is very hot at some times and very cold at othertimes.People in these states have more heart trouble afte
31、r the weather changes inFebruary or March.The weather can also influence intelligence.For example,in a scientific report,IQof a group of students was veiy high when a very strong wind came,but after thestrong wind,their IQ was 10%below.The wind can help people have moreintelligence.Very hot weather,
32、on the other hand,can make it lower.Students in manyschools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year（July and August）.Weather also has a strong influence on people?s feelings.Wintermay be a bad time fbr thin people.They usually feel cold during these months.Theymig
33、ht feel unhappy during cold weather.But fat people may have a hard time in hotsummer.At about 18,people become stronger.Low air pressure may make people forgetful.People leave more bags on busesand in shops on low-pressure days.There is a“good weather”fbr health.People feelbest at a temperature of a
34、bout 18.Are you feeling sad,tired,forgetful,or unhappy today?It may be the weather?sproblem.1 .What kind of weather can have a bad effect on health?A.Hot and wet weather.B.Good weather.C.Warm weather.D.High intelligence.答案:A 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In August,it is very hot and wet in thesouthern part of the Un
35、ited States.People there have heart trouble and other kinds ofhealth problems during this month.”可知，天气炎热潮湿是会给健康带来不利影响的，故选A 项。2.When may people have more intelligence?A.When a rain comes.B.When very hot weather comes.C.When a strong wind comes.D.When low air pressure comes.答案:C 根据“For example,in a sc
36、ientific report,IQ of a group of students wasvery high when a very strong wind came,”可知强风来临人们拥有更多智力，故选C项。3.What will happen to people in“good weather”of 18?A.People are very forgetful.B.People can t do their work well.C.Thin people feel cold.D.People are in better health.答案:D 根据“There is a good weat
37、her for health.People feel best at atemperature of about 18.”可知18度的时候人们的身体更会健康。故选D 项。4.What does the writer want to tell us?A.Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way.B.Weather influences people s lives.C.IQ never changes during weather changes.D.There is a good kind of weather for people s work and health.答案:B 这篇文章的主题是在讨论“Different weather makes people feeldifferent.，并从具体几个方面做出了介绍，讲天气是如何影响人的健康、智力和感受的，故选B 项。