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1、 2019 年 6 月英语四级真题试卷Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campusnewspaper on a visit to a Hope elementary school organized by your Student Union. You shouldwrite at least 120 words but no more than 180 words._PartListening Compre
2、hension(25 minutes)说明：由于 2019 年 6 月四级考试全国共考了 2 套听力，本套真题听力与前 2 套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。Part IIIReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word ban
3、k following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than o
4、nce.Just because they cant sing opera or ride a bicycle doesnt mean that animals dont have culture.Theres no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most _26_ predators(食肉动物)，killer whales may not fit the _27_ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the seado display a vast
5、 range of highly _28_ behaviors that appear to be driving their geneticdevelopment.The word “culture” comes from the Latin “colere,” which _29_ means “to cultivate.” In otherwords, it refers to anything that is _30_ or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Amonghuman populations, culture not o
6、nly affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes,affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marinemammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic _31_ thathelp them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby
7、allowing them to _32_ in their coldclimate. Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different _33_ across the globe,occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that _34_ from pole to pole. As such,different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting t
8、echniques in order togain the upper hand over their local prey(猎物). This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet,leading scientists to _35_ that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could bedriving the animals genetic development.A) acquiredB) adaptationsC) brutalD) deliberate
9、lyE) expressedF) extendsG) habitatsH) humbleI) imageJ) litereallyK) refinedL) revolvesM) speculateN) structureO) thriveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the
10、 paragraph from whichthe information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year-oldsA) Broad demograp
11、hic (人口的)shifts is marital status, educational attainment and employmenthave transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Research Centeranalysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their liveswhere they call home. In 2014, for the fir
12、st time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents home than they were to be living with aspouse or partner in their own household.B) This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americanswho are choosing
13、to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the mostcommon living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whethera spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of thenations 18-to 34-year-olds were living wit
14、h a spouse or partner in their own household, and onlyone-in-five were living with their parents.C) By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household,below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% of young adults livedalone, were a si
15、ngle parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in thehome of another family member (such as a grandparent, in-law or sibling ( 兄 弟 姐 妹 ), anon-relative, or in group quarters like college dormitories.D) Its worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with thei
16、r parents was not at arecord high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nations 18-to34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has changed, instead,is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the declin
17、e ofromantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of livingarrangements.Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34,living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, In2014,28% o
18、f young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home, while 35% wereliving in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be livingwith a spouse of romantic partner (35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).F) In 2014, more young women (
19、16%) than young men (13%) were heading up a householdwithout a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be singleparents living with their children. For their part, young men (25%) are more likely than youngwomen (19%) to be living in the home of another family mem
20、ber, a non-relative or in some typeof group quarters.G) A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults livingwith the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average ageof first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In
21、addition, a growing share of young adult may beavoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many asone-in-four of todays young adult may never marry. While cohabitation(同居)has been on therise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with
22、an unmarried partner hassubstantially fallen since 1990. H) In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growingshare of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true ofyoung men. Employed young men are much less lik
23、ely to live at home than young men without ajob, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share ofyoung men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to-34-year-old menwere employed. Similarly with earnings, young mens wages (after adjusting f
24、or inflation) havebeen on a downward trajectory (轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly from 2000 to 2010. Aswages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.I) Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to liveat ho
25、me. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently oftheir parents. For women, delayed marriagewhich is related, in part, to labor market outcomesfor menmay explain more
26、of the increase in their living in the family home.J) The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in youngadults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded,boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given t
27、he weak job opportunities facingyoung adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather theeconomic storm.K) Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerable by educationwhich istied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelors degr
28、ee, as of 2008 living at homewith their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18-to324-year-olds who had not completed a bachelors degree were living with their parent(s) while7% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were
29、 married orliving with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a collegedegree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which hasin turn made it easier to establish their own households.336.Unemployed young men are more lik
30、ely to live with their parents than the employed.7.In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that oftheir female counterparts.38.The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased inthe past three decades or so.39
31、.Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parentshome.4440.Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.1.Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.2.More young adult women live with th
32、eir parents than before due to delayed marriage. 43.The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased payin recent decades.444.The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.5.One reason for young adults to live with t
33、heir parents is that get married late or stay single alltheir lives.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and
34、 mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good politicalleaders as men. The same can be said of their ability t
35、o dominate the corporate boardroom. Andaccording to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans findwomen indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity forinnovation, with many saying theyre stronger than men in terms of being pass
36、ionate andorganized leaders.So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the UnitedStates? According to the public, at least, its not that they lack toughness, management talent orproper skill sets.Its also not all about work-life balance. Although economic resear
37、ch and previous survey findingshave shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women toadvance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recentsurvey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only abou
38、t one-in-fivesay womens family responsibilities are a major reason why there arent more females in topleadership positions in business and politics.Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard forwomen seeking to climb to the highest levels of either p
39、olitics or business, where they have to domore than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate(选民)andcorporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate Amer
40、ica will change inthe foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future, 44%say its only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americ
41、ans are less doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president intheir lifetime. 46.What do most Americans think of women leaders according to a new Pew ResearchCenter survey?A) They have to do more to distinguish themselves.B) They have to strive harder to win their positions
42、.C)They are stronger than men in terms of willpower.D)They are just as intelligent and innovative as men.47.What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?A) They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.B) They are lacking in confidence when compe
43、ting with men.C)Their failures may have something to do with family duties.D)Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.48.What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positionsaccording to the recent survey?A) Personality traits.B) Family responsibilities.C)Gende
44、r bias.D)Lack of vacancies.49.What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?A) More and more women will sit in the boardroom.B) Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.C)The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.D)People have opposing opinio
45、ns as to whether it will have more women leaders.50.What do most Americans expect to see soon on Americas political stage?A) A woman in the highest position of government.B) More and more women actively engaged in politics.C)A majority of women voting for a female president.D)As many women in top go
46、vernment positions as men.Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by morethan 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining. 16.5cm. A global study looked at the averageheight of 18-year-olds in
47、200 countries 1914 and 2014.The results reveal that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men haverisen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Larvian women.Meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with anaverage height of 169.8cm.James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, sa