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1、Lesson29Funny or not🌻Part 1: TextWhether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russ
2、ian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at,
3、say, Charlie Chaplins early films. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion. It is cal1ed sick humour . Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The
4、following example of sick humour will enable you to judge for yourself.A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. He dreaded having to spend Chr
5、istmas in hospital. Though the doctor did his best, the patients recovery was slow. On Christmas day, the man still had his right leg in plaster. He spenta miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances
6、 of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Years Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him. In the process, he
7、enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.🌻Part 2: New words and expression1.largely la:dli ad.在很大程度上ic kmik a.喜剧的，可笑的3.un
8、iversal ju:niv:sl a.普遍的edian kmi:djn n.滑稽演员，喜剧演员5.distasteful disteistful a.讨厌的6.pester pest v.一再要求，纠缠7.dread dred v.惧怕8.recovery rikvri n.康复9.plaster pla:st n.熟石膏10.console knsul v.安慰，慰问11.hobble hbl v.瘸着腿走pensate kmpenseit v.补偿13.mumble mmbl v.喃喃而语largely la:dli ad.在很大程度上同义词：mostly, greatly, mainl
9、y例句：His success is largely due to his own hard work.他的成功主要是靠他自己的努力。Our country exported largely corn.我国大规模出口玉米。comic kmik a.喜剧的，可笑的1.n.连环图画；喜剧演员read a comic看一本漫画书science fiction comic科幻连环漫画杂志2.adj.有趣的；喜剧的comic book滑稽的书comic character喜剧人物例句：The ending of the play is comic.此剧的结局是喜剧的。I saw the child re
10、ading a comic.我看见那孩子在看一本漫画书。universal ju:niv:sl a.普遍的almost universal几乎全是如此strikingly universal显然有普遍意义例句：Overpopulation is a universal problem.人口过多是全球性的问题。comedian kmi:djn n.滑稽演员，喜剧演员stand-up comedian独角滑稽秀演员例句：That comedian always cracks me up.那个喜剧演员总是让我发笑。distasteful disteistful a.讨厌的dis前缀：dis作为前缀时
11、有两种意思，表示不同意，反对或者分开、分离。例句：The medicine is distasteful but good for you.这药虽难吃,但对你身体有好处He will buy a set of tasteful furniture.他将要买一套雅致的家具。pester pest v.一再要求，纠缠pester someone with something麻烦某人做某事.pester someone to do something麻烦某人做某事.例句：Dont pester me with your trivial matters.别拿你那些鸡毛蒜皮的事同我纠缠。dread dr
12、ed v.惧怕dread the moment担心(某事)会发生dread sb./sth. 惧怕某事例句：The boy dreads his father.这个孩子畏惧他的父亲。I dread the dog.我害怕这条狗。Tom dreaded his visits to the dentist.汤姆非常怕看牙医。recovery rikvri n.康复economic recovery经济复苏recovery from从中恢复过来recovery of the stolen goods赃物的追回例句：The owner has offered a reward for the reco
13、very of the stolen goods.失主已经悬赏寻找被窃物品。Will the governments policies lead to an economic recovery?政府的政策能使经济复苏吗?plaster pla:st n.熟石膏plaster cast石膏模型plaster figure石膏像He mixed up some plaster to repair the wall.他和了一些灰泥去补墙。Hes got his leg in a plaster cast.他的腿打了石膏。console knsul v.安慰，慰问console sb a great
14、deal给某人很大的安慰console perfunctorily敷衍了事地安慰We tried to console her when her dog died.她的狗死后,我们尽力安慰她。They perfunctorily consoled him with a few words.他们敷衍了事地安慰了他几句。hobble hbl v.瘸着腿走The old man hobbled along (the road) with the aid of his stick.那老汉拄著拐杖一瘸一拐地走著。I hurt my foot,and had to hobble home.我的脚受了伤，只
15、好一拐一拐地走回家。compensate kmpenseit v.补偿】pensate for sthNothing can compensate for losing my husband.我失去丈夫的损失是无法弥补的。Nothing can compensate for the loss of ones health.失去健康是无法补偿的。pensate sb for sth/v-ingThe company compensated her for the extra work.公司对她所干的额外工作予以补偿。pensate sth with sthHe compensated his h
16、omely appearance with great personal charm.他的个人魅力美化了他那其貌不扬的外表。I compensated his loss with money.我赔偿他的经济损失。mumble mmbl v.喃喃而语mumble away不停地嘀咕例句：She mumbled an apology and left.她嘟嘟囔囔地道了歉就走了。🌻Part3: Notes on the textWhether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been broug
17、ht up.1.whether引导名词性从句用法：1）做主语时只能用whether。且一般位于句首Whetherhewillcomeisnotimportant.2）if与whether都可以与ornot连用，但后面与ornot连用时只能用whether。Wedidntknowwhetherornotshewasready for the trip.（此时只能用whether）Iwant to knowwhether/ifthenewsistrueornot.（此时则二者都可以用）2.depand on 依靠于，取决于depand on ones doing sth./depand on sb
18、. to do sth3.bring up 养大，抚养I was brought up by my grandma.The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics.1.be bound with 和联系在一起，与有密切关系The future of a country is bound up with the education of the young.一个国家的未来同年轻人所受教育密不可分。2.national1）adj.民族的；国家的；国有的民族共同语 a common national
19、 language国有铁路a national railroad2）n.国民（复）nationals: 全国性比赛.3.characteristics 特征快速决定是他的特征。Quick decision is characteristic of him.3.the sense of humour 幽默感A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke.1.for instance 例如=for example 这里做插入语，不做句子成分2. it做形式宾语3.laugh at 嘲笑，笑In the
20、 same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would makean Englishman laugh to tears.1.in the same way 与此同时2.fail to do sth 未能做某事，未能做好某事never fail to do sth 双重否定，表达肯定的含义3.语法结构which 引导从句，用来解释jokeMost funny stories are based on comic situations.1.most=the majority of 大多数2.be
21、based upon 基于This news report is based entirely on fact. 这篇新闻报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.1.in spite of 尽管2.national differences 民族差异timedifferences时差3.universal appeal 普遍的吸引力universal（参考单词解析）appeal1）n. 呼吁，吸引力These subjects have lo
22、st their appeal for most students.对多数学生来说,这些学科已经失去了吸引力。have no appeal for sb引不起某人的兴趣2）appeal v.引起兴致 （吸引；上诉；求助，诉诸；恳求）appeal to sb 吸引某人，引起某人兴趣appeal for sth.呼吁某事；请求给予某物appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事appeal to sb. for sth.呼吁/恳求某人提供某物appeal against对提出上诉/申诉（不服什么而上诉）appeal against a judgement 不服判决而上诉（m
23、ake an appeal做出呼吁，上诉）appeal to a court 向法庭上诉appeal to force诉诸武力make an appeal for sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplinsearly films.1.语法结构：让步状语从句2.双重否定（表肯定含义）-difficult not toHowever, a new type of humour, which stems largely
24、from the U.S., has recently come intofashion.1. a new type of 新形式的2.which 用来说明a new type of humour3.stem from源自, 起源于= come from 出身于, 由.引起, 是.的结果, 是在.生长大的= arise from 由.而引起, 由.而产生= originate from 由某人发起(首创)例句：他腿上的病是由一处旧枪伤引起的。His leg trouble stems from an old gun injury.4. come into fation 开始流行起来=come
25、in populationcome into power 开始掌权It is calledsick humour.Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents.Many people find this sort of joke distasteful.base sth on sth 基于的基础上The following example ofsick humourwill enable you to judge for yourself.1.following+名
26、词 前置名词+followed 后置2.enable sb. to do sth 使某人做某事A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when hewould be able to go home.He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital.1.be tak
27、en to 被送到，被动语态2.from the moment+时间点（表时刻或者时刻的句子）3.keep on doing sth 持续保持做某事，不间断的4.dread doing sth=dread to do sth（见单词解析）Though the doctor did his best, the patients recovery was slow.On Christmas Day, the man still had his right leg in plaster.He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun h
28、e was missing.1.do ones best 尽了最大的努力The teacher will try his best to taching well.2.spend time in doing sth 花费时间做某事Jerry spent on hour in drawing the picture last night.3.Miserable adj.痛苦的, 悲惨的, 可怜A miserable day = a terrible day4.think of 考虑, 设想, 想象When I saw you I thought of my sisterthink of doin
29、g sth He is thinking of setting a school.The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of beingable to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good.1.by 通过方式I go to school by car.2.Chance在表达“机会”这个概念的时候, 经常采用复数形式。chance to do和chance of doing几乎没有什么区别
30、The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Years Eve he was able to hobble along to aparty.1.take heart 充满信心，打起精神take heart from sth 因为某事充满信心lose heart 失去信心2.sure enough 插入语，不充当句子成分3.hobble along（详见单词解析）To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was g
31、ood for him.pensate （见单词解析）2.more than 多于，超出3.be good for sb. 对有益In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hatedhospitals.1.in the process 在过程中2.enjoy oneself 自己很开心3.keep doing sth 持续做某事，等同于keeping on doing sthHe was still mumbling something about hospitals
32、 at the end of the party when he slipped ona piece of ice and broke his left leg.1.mumbling （见单词解析）2. at the end of 结束的时候3. slip滑倒🌻Part4: Grammar&Difficult points重点解析-双重否定英语双重否定句的几种常见句型英语句子中常可见到两个表示否定意义的词连用的情况，这一现象常称为双重否定。这种句子形式上虽为否定，实则表示强烈的肯定语气。英语双重否定句常见的有如下三种句型：1、否定词 nonot等表示否定意义的形容词。例如：No
33、 way is impossible to courage勇士面前无险路。It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive使自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。Nothing is unnecessary没有什么是不必要的。2、否定词 nonotnever等withoutNo smoke without fireproverb谚无火不起烟；无风不起浪。We cannot succeed without your help没有你们的帮助，我们就不能成功。Nothing to be got without pains but povertyproverb谚只有贫穷是可以不劳而获的。3、否定词 nonotnevernobodyfew等具有否定意义的动词或短语。There is no denying the truth真理是不能否认的。The tart reply did not discomfort him那尖刻的回答并没有使他难过。🌻Part5: Homework1.背诵lesson 28单词&课文（重点语句解析需背诵）2.重点词记忆3.练习总结课文学科网（北京）股份有限公司