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1、备 注:本套试卷附有答案解析，答案解析字体为白色，预览无法观看，如需观看试题的答案解析，请下载试卷CTRL+A选中全部文字，然后将答案字体调整为黑色即可。【自考英语12022年3月北京市朝外街道英语（一）模拟题（解析版）第 1 题【单选题】阅读理解】The structure of a family takes different forms around the world andeven in the same society.The familys form changes as it adapts to changing socialand economic influences.Un
2、til recently,the most common form in North Americawas the nuclear family,consisting of a married couple with their minor children.The nuclear family is an independent unit.It must be prepared to fend for itself.Individual family members strongly depend on one another.There is little help fromoutside
3、 the family in emergencies.Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared foronly if it is possible for the family to do so.In North America,the elderly often donot live with the family;they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly
4、t h r o u g h.A、listing statisticsB、telling a storyC pointing out similaritiesD、pointing out differences【正确答案】C第 2 题【单选题】阅读理解】As well,there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia,many inhigh density(密 度)residential areas.For example,Telstra,Optus and Vodaphonebuild their towers where it is ge
5、ographically suitable to them and disregard theneed of the community.The radiation emitted from these towers may have alreadyproduced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Manytransmitter towers were builtA、on high mountains.B、in places suitable to the phone users.C、in areas whi
6、ch can take in radiation.D、in densely populated areas.【正确答案】D第 3 题【单选题】【阅读理解】Two United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children aremost at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in theearths protective ozone layer.The agencies,the World Health Organization(WHO)
7、and the UN Environmental Programme(UNEP),issued the warning as theylaunched a global programme aimed at alerting schools to the dangers of exposureto the sun.Why does the risk of developing skin cancers in children become greaterand greaterA、Because they pay little attention to their skin health.B B
8、ecause they are short of physical training.C Because the earths protective ozone layer declines year after year.D、Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer.【正确答案】C第 4 题【单选题】【阅读理解】In 1994,United States Customs seized 204,391 pounds of cocaine,559,286 pounds of marijuana and 2,577 pounds of heroi
9、n.Just how much actuallyflows into the country is anyones guess.Some Customs officials estimate that only10 percent of the drugs coming into the country are ever seized.In Miami,theDistrict Attorney（检察长）won,t even prosecute small fry.Its got to be over fivekilos of cocaine,above a kilo of heroin and
10、 more than 5,000 pounds of marijuana orits not something that were going to stop the presses on,“says Tom Cash,a retiredagent.Which of the following could best replace the expression“small fry“in theparagraph?A、Small dogsB、Small sheep dogsC、Small smugglers（走私者）D、Small ringleaders（主谋）【正确答案】C第 5 题【单选题
11、】【阅读理解】In 1994,United States Customs seized 204,391 pounds of cocaine,559,286 pounds of marijuana and 2,577 pounds of heroin.Just how much actuallyflows into the country is anyones guess.Some Customs officials estimate that only10 percent of the drugs coming into the country are ever seized.In Miami
12、,theDistrict Attorney（检察长）wont even prosecute small fry.Its got to be over fivekilos of cocaine,above a kilo of heroin and more than 5,000 pounds of marijuana orits not something that were going to stop the presses on,“says Tom Cash,a retiredagent.Which of the following could best replace the expres
13、sion“small fry“in theparagraph?A、Small dogsB、Small sheep dogsC、Small smugglers（走私者）D、Small ringleaders（主谋）【正确答案】C第 6 题【单选题】【填句补文】The black robin（旅鸦）is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and itlives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there we
14、re aboutfifty black robins there;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.A、These are the only black robins left in the world.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D、Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money has
15、 been made.【正确答案】A第 7 题【单选题】2007.10 Hell his nervousness once hes on stage.A、get overB、get offC、get outD、get through【正确答案】A第 8 题【单选题】【2010.4 George has just bought a fancy sports car.It about$45,000.A、might cost himB、should cost himC、must have cost himD、would have cost him【正确答案】C第 9 题【单选题】阅读理解】Scien
16、tific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation shouldbe the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allen said.We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除 的可能性）possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explaint
17、hese results.HWhat can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.B Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemi
18、cal reaction is a possible explanation.【正确答案】A第 10题【单选题】2009.7 We so much food last night.Only three guests turned up.A、shouldnt orderB、didnt need orderC、neednt have orderedD、mustnt have ordered【正确答案】C第 口 题【单选题】2009.1 Young people are keener_high pay and promotion but less concerned with securityand
19、 job satisfaction than older people.A、onB、toC、forD、at【正确答案】A第12题【单选题】【完成句子】Recent studies showed that the average high school student spends fifteen to thirtyhours a week watching television and only two hours a week in organized play or exercise.That isone reason why one-third of the 200,000 pupils
20、 tested for the Presidents Council on PhysicalFitness failed a simple test of strength,stamina,and flexibility.Some of the boys and girls could notraise themselves to a sitting position without using their hands!Some people have difficulties instanding up due to.A、be overweightB、lacking adequate exe
21、rciseC、hurt badlyD not used【正确答案】B第13题【单选题】【阅读判断】On March 27,the US Government scientists made a decision after they predicted theeruption of Mount Saint Helens;they telephoned all states and local officials in the area and toldthem that a serious eruption was possible at any time.Q:American scienti
22、sts predicted that MountSaint Helens was to erupt soon.A TrueB FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A第 14题【单选题】2008.10The more the customer c o m p la in e d,a n d more unpleasant the manager became.A、the ruderB、more rudeC、the rudestD、the rude【正确答案】A第 15题【单选题】2005.10 Im afraid nothing I can do about it.A、it isB、th
23、is isC、there isD、that is【正确答案】C第 16题【单选题】【阅读理解】Until recently,the science of the future was supposed to beelectronics and artificial intelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that thenext great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination ofthose two sciences with organic
24、 chemistry and genetic engineering.Thiscombination is the science of biotechnology.According to the passage,the scienceof the future is likely to be.A、electronicsB biotechnologyC genetic engineeringD、nuclear technology【正确答案】B第”题【单选题】【阅读理解】One of the most common types of nonfiction,and one that manyp
25、eople enjoy reading,is stories about people;s lives.These stories fall into threegeneral categories autobiography,memoir,and biography.This passage is mostlya bout.A、the characteristics of autobiographies,memoirs,and biographiesB、famous autobiographiesC、why biography can be difficult to writeD、diffe
26、rences between autobiographies and memoirs【正确答案】A第 18题【单选题】【阅读理解】“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes andpromote long term thinking/says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of CaliforniaSchool Of Public Health.would also raise productivity by adding to the year wecan work.
27、Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them.They also affectsociety as a whole.MWe have war,poverty,all sorts of issues around,and I dontthink any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer,“says USbioethicist Daniel Callahan.MThe question is What will we get as a society
28、s suspectit wont be a better society/Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of thethings that living longer might enable an individual to doA、Spending more time with his family.B、Having more education.C Realizing more dreams.D、Working longer.【正确答案】B第 19题【单选题】is accepted as true is relatively
29、,and not absolutely,true.A、ItB ThatC、WhatD That it【正确答案】c第 20题【单选题】2009.1 If he in landing a job,Tom will inform us immediately.A、succeedsB、succeededC、will succeedD、is succeeding【正确答案】A第 21题【单选题】【阅读理解】A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen,commonly used toreduce the risk of skin cancer,act
30、ually increase the risk.Researchers from theUniversity of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that lookedat the association between sunscreen use and melanoma（黑素瘤）.They said thatthey found flaws in studies that had reported associations between sunscreen useand higher risk of
31、 melanoma.The word“flaws“in the 2nd paragraph most probablyme a n s.A evidenceB、factsC、faultsD、failures【正确答案】C第 22题【单选题】2004.10 The teachers insistence on high standards resulted_excellent work.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】C第23题【单选题】【概括大意】Volunteering gives you an opportunity to change lives,including
32、your own.If yourefeeling frustrated or overwhelmed by the news of a disaster,volunteering to help can be a great wayto cope.If youd like to support a cause but cant afford to donate money,you can donate your timeinstead.Helping others in need is such an important part of the American way of life tha
33、t many highschools require their students to spend a certain number of hours volunteering in order to graduate.Volunteering is a great way to learn new skills from working as part of a team to setting andreaching goals.It gives you a chance to discover what kinds of things youre best at and enjoy th
34、emost.A volunteer job that you love can even help shape your ideas about your career goals.Themain idea of this paragraph is.A、Support a health-related causeB、Teach in CountrysideC、Volunteer in Special FestivalD、Goodness of Volunteering【正确答案】D第24题【单选题】Because of his degree,he refused to do he though
35、t low work.A、thatB whatC whichD、who【正确答案】B第 25题【单选题】【阅读理解】Parents and kids today dress alike,listen to the same music,and arefriends.Is this a good thing?Sometimes,when Mr.Ballmer and his 16-year-olddaughter,Elizabeth,listen to rock music together and talk about interests bothenjoy,such as pop cultu
36、re,he remembers his more distant relationship with hisparents when he was a teenager.I would never have said to my mom,Hey,thenew Weezer album is really great.How do you like it?says Ballmer.There wasjust a complete gap in taste.wMusic was not the only gulf.From clothing andhairstyles to activities
37、and expectations,earlier generations of parents and childrenoften appeared to move in separate orbits.The word gulf most probably meansA、interestB、distanceC hopeD、separation【正确答案】D第 26题【单选题】【阅读理解】I have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the landcalled Parsons Place by the football gr
38、ound.Few people know about this new planto increase the size of our town.For me,Parsons Place is special because it is abeautiful natural area where local people can relax-the small wood has manyunusual trees and the stream is popular with fishermen and bird-watchers.Ifs veryquiet because there are
39、few houses or roads nearby.I think that losing this area willbe terrible because we have no other similar facilities in the neighbourhood.Why isParsons Place particularly important,in Alans opinionA、Because it is near the football ground.B、Because lots of people live near it.C Because it is a place
40、near the town where people can enjoy nature.D、Because local people can get there easily by car from the town.【正确答案】C第 27题【单选题】【阅读理解】Until recently,the science of the future was supposed to beelectronics and artificial intelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that thenext great breakthroughs
41、in technology will be brought through a combination ofthose two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering.Thiscombination is the science of biotechnology.According to the passage,the scienceof the future is likely to be.A、electronicsB biotechnologyC genetic engineeringD、nuclear technol
42、ogy【正确答案】B第 28题【单选题】【阅读理解】Redemption（拯救）is a practical necessity.How can value berestored to young lives distorted（扭曲）by acts of violence?The boys inJonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time.Despite horror at what was done,children cannot be-dealt with as
43、adults,notif a people wants to consider itself civilized.Thats why politicians cries for adulttreatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.According to politicians,when children commit crimes,they should be treated in the same way asA、murderers.B、criminals.C victims.D、adults.【正确答案】D第29题
44、【单选题】2004.04 For a week she worked with us in the village,_her poor health.A as a result ofB、on account ofC、in spite ofD、despite of【正确答案】C第30题【单选题】2009.7 Jane has no relatives to in New York.A、get down toB、stand up forC fall back onD、take advantage of【正确答案】C第31题【单选题】2004.04 The actor was almost_most
45、 audience before he played that part.A、known ofB、unknown toC、known forD、unknown for【正确答案】B第 32题【单选题】2011.7 You have to pass the test you can get the driving license.A、ifB、asC whileD、before【正确答案】D第 33题【单选题】2005.10 They appear badly in the car accident.A、being hurtB、having hurtC to have been hurtD、to
46、be hurt【正确答案】C第 34题【单选题】【阅读理解】Two United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children aremost at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in theearths protective ozone layer.The agencies,the World Health Organization(WHO)and the UN Environmental Programme(UNEP),issued
47、 the warning as theylaunched a global programme aimed at alerting schools to the dangers of exposureto the sun.Why does the risk of developing skin cancers in children become greaterand greaterA、Because they pay little attention to their skin health.B、Because they are short of physical training.C Be
48、cause the earths protective ozone layer declines year after year.D、Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer.【正确答案】C第 35题【单选题】【阅读理解】Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of popmusic.The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions withvarious forms of m
49、usic popular today,such as hip-hop,rap,rock,jazz,or reggae.The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world,butat the same time is distinctly African.It is different also in another way Many of thesongs are very serious and they deal with important social or political i
50、ssues inAfrica today.This passage is about how African pop music is.A、usually about love and romanceB more serious than most pop musicC、popular with young people in AfricaD、mostly written just for entertainment【正确答案】B第 36题【单选题】【填句补文】When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?Du