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1、20xx年12月高校英语六级阅读模拟练习题20xx年12月高校英语六级阅读模拟练习题英语四六级考试的20xx年下半年考试即将到来,为帮 助各位更好的进行学问点的巩固，下面是为大家搜寻 整理的英语六级辅导训练，希望能给大家带来帮助！EarthquakesA) An earthquake is one of the most terrifying phenomena that nature can dish up. We generally think of the ground we stand on as ”rock-solid” and completely stable. An earth
2、quake can shatter (粉 碎)that perception instantly, and often with extreme violence.B) Up until relatively recently, scientists only had unproven guesses as to what actually caused earthquakes. Even today there is still a certain amount 是无法预料的.，人们不行能得知地震什么时候会发生, 表达与题干全都。7.B本题是对B段第三、四句的同义转述。定位 关键词是caus
3、e earthquakeso题目中的found out同 义转述了原文中的identifiedo8.L本题是对L段最终两句的概括。定位关键词 是designed o原文提到：过去50年我们在应对地震方 面取得了进步，尤其是在建筑工程领域。我们用特殊 材料加固房屋以应对地震的破坏，我们设计足够灵敏 的房屋，确保地震不会导致房屋倒塌，这与题干表 达的完全全都。9.F本题是F段中举例的一部分。定位关键词是 the theory of plate tectonicso原文提到科学家用 the idea of plate tectonics说明很多现象，其中之一就是 the apparent movem
4、ent of continents over time。10.1本题是对I段最终一句的同义转述。定位关键词是 convergent plate boundaries。题干中的 refer to与原文中的are called属于同义转述。of mystery surrounding them, but scientists have a much clearer understanding. There has been enormous progress in the past century. Scientists have identified the forces that cause
5、earthquakes, and developed technology that can tell us an earthquakes magnitude and origin. The next hurdle is to find a way of predicting earthquakes, so they dont catch people by surprise. In this article, well find out what causes earthquakes, and we/ll also find out why they can have such a deva
6、stating effect on us.C) An earthquake is a vibration(振动)that travels through the earth/s crust. Technically, a large truck that rumbles down the street is causing a mini-earthquake, if you feel your house shaking as it goes by; but we tend to think of earthquakes as events that affect a fairly large
7、 area, such as an entire city. All kinds of things can cause earthquakes: volcanic eruptions, meteor(流星)impacts, underground explosions (an underground nuclear test, for example), collapsing structures (such as a collapsing mine). But the majority of naturally-occurring earthquakes are caused by mov
8、ements of the earths plates.D) We only hear about earthquakes in the news every once in a while, but they are actually an everyday occurrence on our planet. According to the United States Geological Survey, more than 3 million earthquakes occur every year. Thats about 8,000 a day, or one every 11 se
9、conds! The vast majority of these 3 million quakes are extremely weak. The law of probability also causes a good number of stronger quakes to happen in uninhabited places where no one feels them. It is the bigquakes that occur in highly populated areas that get our attention.E) Earthquakes have caus
10、ed a great deal of property damage over the years, and they have claimed many lives. In the last hundred years alone, there have been more than 1.5 million earthquake-related fatalities. Usually, its not the shaking ground itself that claims lives; its the associated destruction of man-made structur
11、es and other natural disasters it causes, such as tsunamis, avalanches (雪崩)and landslides.F) The biggest scientific breakthrough in thehistory of seismologythe study of earthquakescame in the middle of the 20th century, with the development of the theory of plate tectonics（筑造学）.Scientists proposed t
12、he idea of plate tectonics to explain a number of peculiar phenomena on earth, such as the apparent movement of continents over time, the clustering of volcanic activity in certain areas and the presence of huge ridges at the bottom of the ocean.G) The basic theory is that the surface layer of the e
13、arththe lithosphereis comprised of many plates that slide over the lubricating （润滑的）asthenosphere layer. At the boundaries between these huge plates of soil and rock, three different things can happen.H) Plates can move apart. If two plates are moving apart from each other, hot, molten rock flows up
14、 from the layers of mantle below the lithosphere. This magma （岩浆）comes out on the surface （mostly at the bottom of the ocean）, where it is called lava （熔岩）As the lava cools, it hardens to form new lithosphere material, filling in the gap. This is called a divergent plate boundary.I) Plates can push
15、together. If the two plates are moving toward each other, one plate typically pushes under the other one. This plate below sinks into the lower mantle layers, where it melts. At some boundaries where two plates meet, neither plate is in a position to push under the other, so they both push against e
16、ach other to form mountains. The lines where plates push toward each other are called convergent plate boundaries.J) Plates slide against each other. At other boundaries, plates simply slide by each otherone moves north and one moves south, for example. While the plates dont drift directly into each
17、 other at these transform boundaries, they are pushed tightly together. A great deal of tension builds at the boundary.K) We understand earthquakes a lot better than we did even 50 years ago, but we still cant do much about them. They are caused by fundamental, powerful geological processes that are
18、 far beyond our control. These processes are also fairly unpredictable, so its not possible at this time to tell people exactly when an earthquake is going to occur. The first detected earthquake waves will tell us that more powerful vibrations are on their way, but this only gives us a few minutes/
19、 warning, at most.L) So what can we do about earthquakes? The major advances over the past 50 years have been in preparedness, particularly in the field of construction engineering. In 1973, the Uniform Building Code, an international set of standards for building construction,? added? specification
20、s? to7 strengthen7 buildings? against7 the7 force7 of7 earthquake7 waves.7 This7 includes? strengthening? support7 material7 as7 well7 as7 designing buildings so they are flexible enough to absorb vibrations without falling or deteriorating. Its very important to design structures that can undergo t
21、his sort of attack, particularly in earthquake -prone areas.M) Another component of preparedness is educating the public. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and other government agencies have produced several brochures explaining the processes involved in an earthquake and giving instruction
22、s on how to prepare your house for a possible earthquake, as well as what to do when a quake hits.N) In the future, improvements in prediction and preparedness should further minimize the loss of life and property associated with earthquakes. But it will be a long time, if ever, before we/ll be read
23、y for every substantial earthquake that might occur. Just like severe weather and disease, earthquakes are an unavoidable force generated by the powerful natural processes that shape our planet. All we can do is increase our understanding of the phenomenon and develop better ways to deal with it.1.
24、Earthquake-related fatalities are usually caused by buildings, collapse and other ensuing natural disasters, not by the shaking ground itself.2. Besides movements of the earths plates, other forces such as volcanic eruptions, meteor impacts and so on, can also cause earthquakes.3. Earthquakes actual
25、ly occur every day; most of them are not big enough to get our attention.4. People generally think the ground beneath their feet is completely stable, but earthquakes shatter that idea in no time.5. We cannot prevent earthquakes but we can actively find better ways to face them.6. Earthquakes are ha
26、rdly predictable, and people cannot be told when an earthquake is going to occur.7. Scientists have found out forces that cause earthquakes through years of efforts.8. Architects now have designed flexible buildings to minimize the damages of earthquakes.9. Scientists use the theory of plate tectoni
27、cs to explain the apparent movement of continents over time.10. The convergent plate boundaries refer to the lines where plates push toward each other.文章精要地震危害巨大，了解地震对削减其带来的损失有 着重要意义。本文讲解了引发地震的因素、与地震 有关的地壳板块运动和地震的危害，并指出尽管人类 还无法精确预料地震，但一些必要的防备措施能够 削减地震带来的损失。答案解析1 .E本题是对E段最终一句话的同义转述。定位 关键词是 Earthquake
28、-related fatalities。原文用 it,snot.that claims lives; it勺结构指出“通常不是地壳晃 动引起的死亡，而是伴随而来的房屋倒塌或其他自然 灾难导致的死亡”，题目用be caused by.not by. 结构表达了同样的意思。2 .C本题是对C段最终两句的归纳，题目将两句 话的含义概括为一句话。定位关键词是movementsof the earth$s plates, volcanic eruptions, meteorimpactSo3.D本题是对D段的总结。定位关键词是getourattention o D段首句就提到每天都会发生地震，最终一句提到只有大地震才能引起人们的留意，本题就是 对这两句话的概括。4. A本题是对A段最终两句的同义转述。定位关键词是 shattero 题目中的 the ground beneath their feet同义转述了原文中的the ground we stand on。5. N本题是对N段最终两句的概括。定位关键词是better ways。文章最终一句提到，我们能做的就是 增加我们对地震的相识，找寻更好的方法来应对它, 与题干表达全都。6. K本题是对K段第三句的同义转述。定位关键词是hardly predictable。原文提到：虽然我们对地震有了更深的了解，但地震照旧不受我们的限制，地震