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1、高考英语写作高考英语写作加油站加油站（二）五种基本句式五种基本句式 万变不离其宗五种最基本的句式句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。1.主语谓语(不及物动词)2.主语谓语(及物动词)宾语3.主语系动词表语4.主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语5.主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语五种基本句式该句式常用来表示 。其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。句式1主语谓语(不及物动词)主语的动作或状态Bathed in the sunshine,we jumpe
2、d and cheered with joy.沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。即时演练Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选择一部供个人使用的手机不是件简单的事情，因为科技改变如此的迅速。1为了保持健康，我们应该定期锻炼。In order to keep fit,we should exercise regularly.2因此，这种新鞋最近才问世。Therefore,this new kind of shoes has come
3、into being recently.3这里高楼林立、绿树成荫。Here many high buildings have appeared with green trees growing quickly.1为了保持健康，我们应该定期锻炼。In order to keep fit,we should exercise regularly.2因此，这种新鞋最近才问世。Therefore,this new kind of shoes has come into being recently.3这里高楼林立、绿树成荫。Here many high buildings have appeared
4、with green trees growing quickly.该句式特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。句式2主语谓语(及物动词)宾语I appreciated my maths teachers very much.我非常感谢我的数学老师的称赞和鼓励。句式2主语谓语(及物动词)宾语At the age of twelve,I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.十二岁时，我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。As an
5、outgoing girl,I get along well with my classmates.作为一名外向的女孩，我和同学们相处得很好。点津该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词或及物动词短语。1最后，我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。Finally,we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.2最近几年，我们已经互相培养了良好的友谊。Over the years,we have developed a good friendship with each other.3当今，许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。Nowad
6、ays,people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic.1最后，我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。Finally,we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.2最近几年，我们已经互相培养了良好的友谊。Over the years,we have developed a good friendship with each other.3当今，许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。Nowadays,people in many big ci
7、ties are complaining about the heavy traffic.该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。句式 3主语系动词表语The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目非常受我们学生的欢迎.As a matter of fact,failure isnt so terrible.实际上，失败并非那么可怕。1在我看
8、来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。In my opinion,a person without friends can never be happy.2总而言之，乡村生活比城市生活对健康更有利。In conclusion,country life is more beneficial to health than city life.1在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。In my opinion,a person without friends can never be happy.2总而言之，乡村生活比城市生活对健康更有利。In conclusion,country life is m
9、ore beneficial to health than city life.该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语.一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。句式4主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语What the girl did taught us a valuable lesson.这个小女孩的所作所为给我们上了有价值的一课。At the same time,parents are giving their children too much protection.同时，父母给孩子的保护太多了。1.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们
10、作一场报告。Mr.Green will give us a speech on how to learn English well.2幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。Fortunately,she promised me another chance to interview.1.格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们作一场报告。Mr.Green will give us a speech on how to learn English well.2幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。Fortunately,she promised me another chance to intervi
11、ew.该句式中的谓语虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。句式5主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语Your_contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.你的贡献将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。For a start,I feel really delighted that Ive won the first prize in the competition,which gets me to understa
12、nd the true meaning of the proverb“no pains,no gains”首先，我确实高兴在比赛中我获得一等奖，这使我理解了“不劳无获”谚语的真正含义。主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语即时演练补全句子1.作为一名中学生，我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。As a high school student,I consider English a very important subject.2从古代起，人们就把早起视为好习惯。People have regarded getting up early as a good habit since ancient ti
13、mes.综合演练提能.写出下列句子所属的类型1In other words,we are the master of our own future.主语系动词表语2This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class.主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语3A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand.主语谓语(不及物动词)写出下列句子所属的类型4Should we sacrifice our childre
14、ns future for our own interests?主语谓语(及物动词)宾语5Friends made my life full of excitement,imagination and romance.主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语1.现在在中学里课外活动正变得越来越普及。(主语系动词表语)Nowadays afterclass activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.2.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语谓语宾语)We havent decided when to discuss
15、the problem again.3奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。(主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语)Granny told me a very interesting story last night.4每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)Every morning we hear him read English aloud.5早睡早起是个好习惯。(主语系动词表语，动名词作主语)Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.6最近10年，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主语谓语)Great changes h
16、ave taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.7你会发现英语是通往如此丰富知识的桥梁。(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)You will find English a bridge to so much knowledge.8我真的很感谢你过来帮我补习数学。(主语谓语宾语，动名词复合结构作宾语)I really appreciate your coming over to help me with my math.用简单句翻译下列各句，并标出所属的基本句式1你已经让我了解了你们美丽的城市。Youve let me know about you
17、r beautiful city.(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)2.我将要告诉你有关我的家乡江城的一些事情。Ill tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng(主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语)3这座城市位于长江沿岸。The city stands on the bank of the Yangtze River.(主语谓语)4它是一个供人们居住的美丽的地方。It is a beautiful place for people to live in.(主语系动词表语)5近十年来它的经济一直在迅猛发展。Its economy has been develo
18、ping rapidly in the past ten years.(主语谓语)6像污染一样的新问题正变得越来越严重。New problems,such as pollution are becoming more and more serious.(主语系动词表语)7江城应该科学地发展经济。Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically.(主语谓语宾语)8这种发展应该使得人们越来越幸福。The development should make its people happier and happier.(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)高分
19、作文欣赏并分辨记忆Youve let me know about your beautiful city.Now Ill tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng.The city stands on the bank of the Yangtze River,a beautiful place for people to live in.Its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years.However,new problems,such as pollution are becoming more and more serious.Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically so as to make its people happier and happier.Thank You!