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1、2017 上半年天津教师资格考试初中英语学科知识与教学能力真题及答案注意事项：1.考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分。2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答。在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。一、单项选择题(本大题共 30 小题。每小题 2 分。共砷分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用 28 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.The main difference between/m/and/n/lies in _.A.manner of articulationB.place of articulationC.voicingD.length2.
2、_ is the main rhyming pattern in the sentenceAlices aunt ate applesand acorns around A ugust.A.Reverse rhymeB.End rhymeC.AssonanceD.Alliteration3.Tom is snobbish,always _the influential people.A.making out forB.making upC.making up toD.making up for4.Britain_ for control of the sea in the 17th centu
3、ry.A.contendedB.contrivedC.contentedD.confined5,Which of the following best describes the relation between night and knight?A.metonymyB.homonymyC.antonymyD.hyponymy6.Of the people who work here,_ are French and _ English.A.half.halfB.the half.the halfC.a half.a halfD.a half.the half7.Youll find your
4、self thinking about nothing _when youre very nervous.A.whereverB.whatsoeverC.wheneverD.however8.Mr.Johnson has a habit of asking questions _.A.and then not listen to the answersB.but then not listen for the answersC.and then not listening to the answersD.and then doesnt listen to the answers9.On hea
5、ring the utterance Its hot here,the listener opened the door.It isa(n)_.A.locutionary actB.illocutionary actC.direct speech actD.perlocutionary act10.What rhetoric device is used in the sentence Many hands make light work?A.Synecdoche.B.Simile.C.Metaphor.D.Oxymoron.11.When the teacher attempts to el
6、icit more information from the students by sayingAnd.?,Good.A nything else?,etc,he/she is playing the role of a_.A.prompterB.participantC.managerD.consultant12.For more advanced learners,group work may be more appropriate than pair workfor tasks that are _.A.linguistically simpleB.structurally contr
7、olledC.cognitively challengingD.thematically non-demanding13.When you focus on utterance function and expected response by using exampleslikeHere you are,Thanks,you are probably teaching language at the_.A.lexical levelB.sentence levelC.grammatical levelD.discourse level14.Which of the following tas
8、ks fails to encourage active language use?A.Reciting a text.B.Bargaining in a shop,C.Writing an application letter.D.Reading to get a message.15.A teacher may encourage students to _ when they come across new wordsin fast reading.A.take notesB.ask for helpC.guess meaning from contextD.look up the wo
9、rds in a dictionary16.Which of the following statements about task design is incorrect?A.Activities must have clear and attainable objectives.B.Activities should be confined to the classroom context.C.Activities must be relevant to students life experiences.D.Activities should help develop students
10、language ability.17.If someone says I know the word,he should not only understand its meaningbut also be able to pronounce,spell,and_ it.A.explainB.recognizeC.memorizeD.use18.Teachers could encourage students to use _ to gather and organize theirideas for writing.A.elicitingB.mind mappingC.explainin
11、gD.brainstorming19.When students are asked to go to the local museum,libraries,etc.to find outinformation about endangered animals and work out a plan for an exhibition,theyare doing a(n)_.A.surveyB.experimentC.projectD.presentation20.Which of the following tasks fails to develop students skill of r
12、ecognizingdiscourse patterns?A.Analyzing the structure of difficult sentences.B.Checking the logic of the author s arguments.C.Getting the scrambled sentences into a paragraph.D.Marking out common openers to stories and jokes.请阅读 Passage 1,完成 21-25 小题。Passage 1Kimberley Asselin sits in a rocking cha
13、ir in front of her 22 kindergartners,aglistening smile across her face as she greets them for the morning.Even at 9 a.m.,she is effervescent and charismatic.Yet behind Asselins bright expression,her enthusiasm is fading.Asselin,24,is days away from finishing her first year as a teacher,the career of
14、her dreams since she was a little girl giving arithmetic lessons on a dry-erase boardto her stuffed bears and dolls.While she began the school year in Virginias Fairfax County full of optimism,Asselin now finds herself,as many young teachers do,questioning her future as aneducator.What changed in th
15、e months between August and June?She says that anonslaught of tests that shes required to give to her five-and six-year-old studentshas brought her down to reality.It s more than a first-year teacher ever imagines,Asselin said.You definitelyhave a lot of highs and lows,and it keeps going up and down
16、 and up and down.New federal data that the Education Department released in April shows that about10 percent of new teachers leave the profession within the first year on the job,and 17 percent leave within five years of starting.Though far lower than earlierestimates,it still means that many young
17、educators bail from the classroom beforethey gain much of a foothold.For Asselin,testing has been the biggest stressor.The proliferation of testing in schools has become one of the most contentious topicsin U.S.education.The exams can alter the course of a students schooling and candetermine whether
18、 a teacher is promoted or fired.In Virginia,schools earn gradeson state-issued report cards based on the scores students earn on mandatoryend-of-year exams.The Fairfax County school system,one of the nations largest,boasts that itskindergarten students take part in coursework that exceeds the state
19、s standards.Unlike most states,Virginia has never adopted the Common Core State Standards,butVirginia officials say that the state s academic standards are just as-ormore-rigorous.Asselin said that means that even the youngest students in public school are traderan academic microscope,making kinderg
20、arten about far more than socialization andplay time.21.Why does Asselin question her future as an educator in less than a year s time?A.It is a common practice for American young teachers.B.She has experienced too many highs and lows in her work.C.It is totally beyond her expectation to give kids e
21、ndless test.D.She has grown tired of greeting her kindergartners every day.22.Why do the schools in Virginia emphasize regular testing?A.More rigorous academic standards can be achieved.B.Students performances can be accurately measured.C.Schools are ranked according to students test scores.D.Teache
22、rs academic performances can be properly assessed.23.In PARAGRAPH EIGHT,what does the writer imply by saying thateven the youngeststudents.under an academic microscope?A.Students performances are being supervised.B.Students performances are over measured by tests.C.Students performances are examined
23、 at the micro level.D.Students performances are not a concern at the macro level.24.According to the author,what kind of place is a kindergarten supposed to be?A.A place of academic training.B.A place of reading and writing.C.A place where there are no tests.D.A place of socialization and fun.25.Wha
24、t is Asselin likely to do under the current educational system?A.Reconsider her future.B.Change her ways of teaching.C.Have fewer tests for her students.D.Emphasize her students academic skills.请阅读 Passage 2，完成 2630 小题。Passage 2According to one account,the hamburger was first sold at the Erie County
25、 Fair inHamburg,New York,in 1885,by brothers Frank and Charles Menches.The two Ohiobrothers had arrived on the grounds of the fair too late to get a supply of choppedpork for their sandwich concession.The butcher sold them beef instead,and aftersome experimentation they formulated a sandwich,which t
26、hey named after the Buffalo,New York,suburb where they were doing business.Hamburgs claim to be the site of the first hamburger is,disputed by the town ofSeymour,Wisconsin,where a man named Charles Nagreen is claimed to have servedhamburger sandwiches in 1885.Another story about the origins of the u
27、biquitous burger states that in the late1800s Fletcher Davis,a potter in Athens,Texas,wasnt selling enough pottery.Therefore he opened a lunch counter.His specialty?A ground-beef patty servedbetween slices of home-made bread.In 1904 Davis went to the World s Fair in St.Louis,Missouri,with his recipe
28、,which was,of course,a big hit.At the Fair the ground beef sandwich was deemed the hamburger,because in Hamburg,Germany,ground beef patties were popular,though the patties there are more likemeat loaf and lack a bun.(It is believed that 19th-century German sailors learnedabout eating raw shredded be
29、ef,Steak Tartare,in the Baltic Provinces.A Germancook eventually had the idea of cooking the Tartare mixture.)Fletcher Davis is also credited with serving fried potato strips at the Worlds Fair.A friend in Pads,Texas,had given him the idea,but a reporter thought that DavissaidParis,France,and those
30、potatoes are forevermore French Fries.Another contender in the hamburger invention contest is Louie s Lunch,a Yaleoff-campus eatery.This New Haven,Connecticut,site is said to have first offeredthe burger in 1895.The commercial bun on which hamburgers are now served was created by diner operatorWalte
31、r Anderson of Wichita,Kansas,who also invented the modern grill(both eventsaround 1916)and then established the chain of White Castle hamburger restaurants.Lionel Clark Sternberger,later proprietor of the Rite Spot steakhouse in LosAngeles,experimentally tossed a slice of cheese on a hamburger he wa
32、s cooking athis fathers short-order shop in Pasadena,California,in 1924,thus originatingthe cheeseburger.The wordcheeseburger was patented by Louis Ballast in 1944.Ballast grilled a sliceof cheese onto burgers at his Denver,Colorado,drive-in.Well,you know the rest-McDonalds,Burger King,Wendy s,White
33、 Castle,etc.burgers everywhere.Some good,some so-so.But certainly an all-American favorite.A classic.26.What are hamburgers most likely to be named after?A.The recipe for making them.B.The person who invented them.C.The place where they were first sold.D.The restaurant where they are initially serve
34、d.27.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined wordubiquitousin PARAGRAPH THREE?A.Deliciously made.B.Easily found.C.Commonly mentioned.D.Hotly disputed.28.How did Fletcher Davis make a living before starting to sell his hamburgers?A.He was a sailor in Germany.B.He sold fried pot
35、ato strips.C.He opened a lunch counter.D.He sold pottery products.29.Which of the following best describes the author s tone of writing this article?A.Factual.B.Critical.C.Humorous.D.Sarcastic.30.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Burger FlavorsB.Burger RecipesC.Burger
36、BeginningsD.Burger Ingredients二、简答题(本大题 1 小题。20 分)根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。31.课后作业布置体现“差异性原则”。简述你对“差异性原则”的理解(8 分)，并从作业类型、作业难度和作业量三个方面举例说明如何布置作业。(12 分)三、教学情境分析题(本大题 1 小题，30 分)根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。32.下面是初中英语课堂教学导入活动中的师生对话片段，该单元的话题是“Jobs”。T:Hi,Lily.What does your mother do?S:He.T:Oh,no.Not he,your mother is a
37、woman.You should use she instead of he.OK?S:.Er.Mm.(不知所措)T:Go on!Whats your mothers job?S:He is a.根据上面教学情境回答下列问题：(1)该教师采用了何种纠错方式(5 分)?效果如何(2 分)?你的判断依据是什么?(3 分)(2)该教师的纠错行为对学生的表达有何影响?(10 分)(3)针对该教师的纠错行为，提出两条建议。(10 分)四、教学设计题(本大题 1 小题，40 分)根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。33.设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一个 15 分钟的英语阅读教
38、学活动。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：teaching objectives teaching contents key and difficult points major steps and time allocation activities and justifications教学时间：15 分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中二年级第一学期学生，班级人数 40 人。多数学生已经达到义务教育英语课程标准(2011 年版)三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Whos Got Talent?Everyone is good at something,but some people
39、 are truly talented.Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents.Talent shows aregetting more and more popular.First,there were shows like American Idol andAmericas Got Talent.Now，there are similar shows around the world,such as ChinasGot Talent.All these shows have one thing in c
40、ommon:Ihey try to look for the best singers,the most talented dancers,the most excitingmagicians,the funniest actors and so on.MI kinds of people join these shows.Butwho can play the piano the best or sing the most beautifully?Ihats up to you to decide.When people watch the show,they usually play a
41、rolein deciding the winner.And the winner always gets a very good prize.However,not everybody enjoys watching these shows.Some think that the lives ofthe performers are made up.For example,some people say they are poor farmers,butin fact they are just actors.However,if you dont take these shows too
42、seriously,they are fun to watch.And one great thing about them is that they give people away to make their dreams come true.一、单项选择题1.【答案】B。解析：考查英语音素。在发音方式上，二者都是鼻音;按照带声性，二者都带声，都是浊辅音;在发音部位上，/m/是双唇音，/n/是齿龈音。故选 B。length 指音的长度，是元音的特征。2.【答案】D。解析：考查押韵。“Alices aunt ate apples and acorns aroundAugust.”该句中每一个
43、单词都以 a 开头，英语中一组词、一句话或是一行诗中重复出现开头音相同的词，这种修辞手法称为押头韵，主要包括词首元音的重复、词首辅音的重复和辅音连缀的重复三种形式。押头韵在英语里叫 alliteration.又叫 initial rhyme 或 head rhyme。如 firstand foremost，Beckys beagle barked and bayed，becoming bothersome for Billy.故选 D。reserve rhyme 是反韵，end rhyme 是尾韵，assonance 是类韵/半谐音。3.【答案】c。解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为“汤姆很势利，
44、经常_有影响力的人”。make sth.out“理解，辨认”，makeup“编造，整理，化妆，弥补，和解”，make up to“巴结，奉承，讨好”，makeup for“补偿，弥补”。根据句意可知 C 项正确。4.【答案】A。解析：考查动词辨析。句意为“英国在 17 世纪_海上控制权”。conmnd“竞争，争夺”，常与 for 连用，意为“为而竞争”;contrive“设计，发明，谋划”;content“使满足;使满意”，常与 with 连用;confine 常与 to 连用.表示“限制于，局限于”。根据句意可知 A 项正确。5.【答案】B。解析：考查语义学。night“夜晚”，knight
45、“骑士”，两词发音相同，但拼写和意义不同，因此属于同音异义词。metonymy 是转喻，属于修辞手法;homonymy 是同音异义;antonymy 是反义关系;hyponymy 是上下义关系。故选 B。6.【答案】A。解析：考查 half 作代词的用法。句意为“在这 iLl 作的人中，一半是法国人，一半是英国人”。half 作代词时，其前一般不用定冠词，其后可以直接跟名词，也可以跟 of短语，如 half(of)thework,half(of)thegirls。题于的完整形式是“Half of the people whowork here are French and half(of th
46、e people who work here alel English.”。故选 A。7.【答案】B。解析：考查 whatsoever 的用法。whatsoever 等于 whatever，是 whatever的一种更正式和强调的语言表达形式，语气比 whatever 强;用在否定句中，与 no，not，nothing 等具有否定意义的词连用，构成加强否定式。相当于 notat all，如：They receivedno help whatsoever.他们没有得到一丁点帮助。题干句意为“你会发现当你很紧张的时候，你什么事情都思考不了”。本句去掉设空部分完全成立，意思完整，不缺任何成分，所以选
47、择起强调作用的 whatsoever。8.【答案】C。解析：考查并列结构及非谓语动词。句意为“约翰逊先生有一个习惯，问别人问题而不听从别人的答案”。并列连词 and 或者 but 前后连接的动词形式须一致，前面是动名词 asking，所以后面应是动名词 listening，用排除法可知选 C。9.【答案】D。解析：考查言语行为理论。根据言语行为理论，说话者说话时可能同时实施三种行为：发话行为(locutionaryact)、行事行为(illocutionaryact)和取效行为(perlocutionaryact)。发话行为是说出话语的行为.行事行为是表达说话者意图的行为。取效行为是通过某些话
48、所实施后果的行为。话语“这里很热”产生的后果是听话者打开了门，因此是取效行为。10.【答案】A。解析：考查修辞手法。Synecdoche 是提喻，即用个别代替群体或者用群体代替个别;simile 是明喻，如 I wanderedlonely as a cloud;metaphor 是暗喻，如 Myloveisa red red rose;oxymoron 是矛盾修饰法。如 sweet sorrow。题干中 Manyhandsmake lightwork意思是“众人拾柴火焰高”，其中的 hands 代指 people，属于用部分代替整体，使用的是提喻修辞手法。故选 A。11.【答案】A。解析：考
49、查课堂教师角色。题干的意思是当老师试图从学生那里得到更多信息时，他通过一些话语来引导，他扮演的角色是什么。当学生发言或回答问题过于简略时，教师可用“And?”“Good.Anything else?”等提示学生继续往下说，这时教师扮演的课堂角色是提示者。A 项是提示者，B 项是参与者，C 项是管理者，D 项是咨询者。根据题干意思，可锁定答案为 A。12.【答案】C。解析：考查课堂活动形式的选择。题干的意思是对于更高级水平的学习者来说。在完成什么样的任务时采取 groupwork 会比 pairwork 更合适。解答此题考生需要知道两种活动形式的特点与区别。Group work“小组活动”，即将
50、学生分成若干个小组进行活动;pairwork“结对活动”，即每两位学生一组进行活动。结对活动常用于那些需要更多控制性练习的低年级学生中。比如句型练习和对话练习，并且学生可以获得较多的练习机会。与小组活动相比，它更省时，易控制，教师可以有更多的时间进行解答、举例。而对于高年级水平的学生来说，尽管有时也用结对活动，但在小组活动中，常常给学生一些富有挑战的任务，使学生共同完成，因此他们的主动性更强。相比较而言，小组活动更适合他们。通过字面意思。A 项“语言简单”、B 项“结构控制”适合 pair work。小组活动往往要有一个明确的主题，为学生指名任务方向，因此 D 项错误。13.【答案】D。解析：